公共住房项目PPP模式研究

公共住房建设是政府实现住房领域公平目标的重要手段,但由于其社会福利属性,面临着资金来源不足、后续发展乏力的困境。文章将普遍应用于国内外基础设施领域的PPP模式引入公共住房建设领域,对PPP模式的中国公共住房项目进行内部、外部条件分析,论证研究的可行性;在此基础上结合经济适用房与廉租房的不同特点探索具体操作形式;对保障高效合作的运行机制进行探讨,以推进城镇公共住房建设发展。     

探析汇率制度、购买力平价及国际货币供求因素对人民币汇率的长期影响

影响人民币汇率的因素很多,但其作用时间的长短却不同。文章通过对中国的汇率制度、购买力平价及国际货币供求的分析,来说明其对汇率的长期影响。     

浅谈投融资政策在公路建设中的应用

文章阐述了投融资在目前公路建设中的重要性,同时借鉴国外成功的公路投融资建设案例,依据近些年来投融资方式创新在公路建设中的应用,提出了我国公路建设投融资体制的具体思路。     

我国物有所值定量评价方法有效性检验——基于北京地铁四号线的研究

文章详细介绍了我国公共部门和社会资本合作关系的物有所值定量评价方法,包括概念的解析和具体的公式计算,并运用成功的PPP项目案例对所提到的定量评价方法进行检验。结果证明我国的物有所值定量评价方法在一定范围内是有效的,可还存在计算主体不清导致的计算因素虚增和潜在风险识别不足等问题,建议在实务中要谨慎运用,必要时可借助定性和定量、VFM和其他评价方法相结合的方式来进行决策判断。     

PPP模式在城乡居民医保一体化建设中的应用——以湛江为例

在基本公共服务均等化的大背景下,湛江市引入PPP模式,在城乡居民医保一体化建设中取得了显著成效。通过对湛江经验的分析,文章认为,确立政府的主导地位,在此基础上积极发挥市场的作用,构建多元主体的公私合作伙伴关系,实现经济效益和社会效益的统一,是适应市场经济发展要求,构建城乡一体化医疗保障制度的必然选择。     

The real exchange rate,regime changes and volatility shifts

We make use of a data-set with both long span and high frequency to test for purchasing power parity (PPP) while allowing for a structural shift in the volatility of the Mexico–US bilateral real exchange rate (RER). The Kim, Leybourne and Newbold (2002) unit root test, robust to changes in the innovation variance, indicates mean stationarity of the monthly RER, and hence evidence of PPP, for the full sample, 1930–2012, and various subsamples. The persistence of deviations of the real rate from its PPP level as measured by half-lives ranges from 1.37 to 2.41 years.     

International parity relationships between Germany and the USA revisited: evidence from the post-DM period

In this study, we show the interrelation of the purchasing power parity and the uncovered interest rate parity between the US and Germany for the recent period running from 1999:01 to 2014:04. This study extends the literature by testing both hypotheses simultaneously in a multivariate ECM. This has the advantage that interactions between capital and goods markets can be considered simultaneously. Our finding of two long-run relationships between the variables shows that a disequilibrium in one of the two markets leads to a disequilibrium in the other. While analysing the reaction to cumulative shocks, we show that US variables have a greater impact on German variables than vice versa. Therefore, the rising importance of the euro and the increased integration of the European Union in the recent decade have not changed this relation.     

International income inequality, 2005–2011: what a difference 6 years can make

While much attention has recently been given to the rising inequality in high-income countries, particularly the US, inequality across countries has received less attention. Based on reports of the International Comparison Program, which provide the most accurate measures of PPP income at the country level, this study computes three highly recommended measures of intercountry income inequality for the years 2005 and 2011. A dramatic, and perhaps unprecedented, fall in intercountry inequality over the relatively short period of 6 years is noted. As a correlate of the fall in intercountry inequality, aggregate PPP GDP for six major high-income countries is compared with that for three large developing countries, and the dramatic increase over the 6-year period in the ratio of the total GDP of the three developing countries to that for the six high-income countries is noted, thus extending, from the most accurate data, the theme of the ‘rise of the South’ articulated in Human Development Report 2013.     

Testing for PPP: Should we use panel methods?

A common finding in the empirical literature on the validity of purchasing power parity (PPP) is that it holds when tested for in panel data, but not in univariate (i.e. country-specific) analysis. The usual explanation for this mismatch is that panel tests for unit roots are more powerful than their univariate counterparts. In this paper we suggest an alternative explanation. Existing panel methods assume that cross-unit cointegrating relationships, that would tie the units of the panel together, are not present. Using simulations, we show that if this important underlying assumption of panel unit root tests is violated, the empirical size of the tests is substantially higher than the nominal level, and the null hypothesis of a unit root is rejected too often even when it is true. More generally, this finding warns against the automatic use of panel methods for testing for unit roots in macroeconomic time series.First version received: November 2001/Final version received : October 2003     

PPP项目融资模式解析

针对基础设施建设项目中突出存在的融资和管理问题,本文分析了PPP项目融资模式的涵义及优点,提出了PPP项目融资模式在实际运用中应注意的几个方面的问题,并对PPP项目融资模式进行深层次的解析。PPP项目融资模式的出现,对解决公共设施建设资金的不足,加快基础设施项目的建设步伐具有重要的现实意义。