运用4V营销模式打造城市品牌

城市正成为创造社会财富的重要载体和经济增长的重要主体,城市的未来对中国社会经济的发展产生着深刻而全面的影响。中国政府要实现城市的最优发展,必须扬长补短,文章认为应运用4V营销模式的差异化(Variation)、功能弹性化(Versatility)、高附加价值化(High-addedvalue)及共鸣化(Vibration)等策略来对城市进行定位,从而打造出中国的城市品牌。     

第三方物流企业选择的指标建立及模糊评价方法

随着近几年物流业的快速发展,企业决策者时物流外包的关注程度也越来越高.如何去选择可靠高效的物流企业来降低本企业的物流成本正成为人们探讨的热点.本文针对第三方物流企业的特点,构建了对第三方物流企业进行选择的评价指标体系,并介绍如何运用AHP及模糊评价组合方法对备选企业进行选择.     

大型企业集团实施VMI模式研究

以大型企业集团为对象,研究了大型企业集团以区域为单位与供应商以及区域内的第三方物流企业合作实施VMI的策略和方法,重点分析比较了VMI的分散模式和集中模式。     

Are Public and Private Social Expenditures Complementary?

Most analyses of social protection are focussed on public arrangements. However, social effort is not restricted to the public domain; all kinds of private arrangements can be substitutes to public programs. OECD data indicate that accounting for private social benefits has an equalising effect on levels of social effort across a number of countries. This suggests complementarity between public and private social expenditures. But their distributional effects differ. Using cross-country data, we find a negative relationship between net public social expenditures and income inequality, but a positive relationship between net private social expenditures and income inequality. We conclude that changes in the public/private mix in the provision of social protection may affect the redistributive impact of the welfare state.Part of Leiden Social Security Incidence Project. Revised version of a paper presented at the 57th International Atlantic Economic Conference, Lisbon, Portugal (March 10–14, 2004), and at the 60th Congress of the International Institute of Public Finance, Milan, Italy (August 23–26, 2004). The usual disclaimer applies.     

The return to schooling in structural dynamic models: a survey

This papers contains a survey of the recent literature devoted to returns to schooling within a dynamic structural framework. I present a historical perspective on the evolution of the literature, from early static models set in a selectivity framework [Willis, T., Rosen, S., 1979. Education and self-selection. Journal of Political Economy 87, S7-S36] to the recent literature, stimulated by [Keane, M.P., Wolpin, K., 1997. The career decisions of young men. Journal of Political Economy 105(3) 473-522], and which uses stochastic dynamic programming techniques. After reviewing the literature thoroughly, I compare the structural approach with the IV (experimental) approach. I present their commonalities and I also discuss their fundamental differences. To get an order of magnitude, most structural estimates reported for the US range between 4% and 7% per year. On the other hand, IV estimates between 10% and 15% per year are often reported. The discrepancy prevails even when comparable (if not identical) data sets are used. The discussion is focussed on understanding this divergence. The distinction between static and dynamic model specifications is a recurrent theme in the analysis. I show that structural and IV approaches differ mainly at the level of (i) the compatibility of the underlying models with dynamic behavior, (ii) the role of behavioral and statistical assumptions, (iii) the role of heterogeneity in ability and tastes, (iv) the consideration of post-schooling opportunities, and (v) the specification (and interpretation) of the Mincer wage equation.     

Public expenditure, international specialisation and agglomeration

It is widely recognised that public-sector purchasers tend to favour domestic suppliers. We study the consequences of such home-biased public procurement on international specialisation. Using a general-equilibrium model with a monopolistically competitive sector, we find that a country will specialise in that sector if it has relatively large home-biased procurement (the “pull” effect). Furthermore, home-biased procurement can counter agglomeration forces in that sector and thereby attenuate the overall degree of international specialisation (the “spread” effect). Our empirical analysis, conducted on input-output data for the European Union, yields supporting evidence for the pull effect and some support for the spread effect.     

“Buy Domestic” Campaigns and Optimal Tariffs

This paper attempts to analyze the strategic use of optimal tariffs and to examine the effects of national bias on the optimal trade policy and social welfare in a two-country, two-good, price competition model derived from Neven et al. (1991). The major findings are as follows. (1) If all consumers prefer the domestic good, then buy domestic campaigns will decrease the prohibitive tariff rate and increase local welfare. (2) If at least some consumers prefer the foreign good, but not to a great extent, then buy domestic campaigns will not change the optimal tariff rate, but may improve local welfare. (3) When all consumers greatly prefer the foreign good, then promotion of buy domestic decreases the optimal tariff rate, but it cannot improve social welfare. With this framework, we also prove that buy domestic campaigns serve as a substitute for tariffs with respect to a strategic trade policy.     

Multiple transitional growth paths in endogenously growing open economies

This paper extends research in indeterminacy literature to a small open economy, two-sector endogenous growth model. It shows that a continuum of equilibria exist in two situations, (i) the production functions exhibit social constant returns to scale with very small or even negligible externalities; and (ii) the production functions are standard constant returns to scale without externalities but the government implements asymmetric tax policies across sectors.     

产品结构与企业竞争力

产品结构有三个维度。评价和抉择产品结构时要考虑路径依赖——市场环境——企业能力的逻辑。合理产品结构须具备四个特性(4R)。产品结构通过四大利益促进企业竞争力的持续提高。打造两大平台,优化产品结构。     

循环经济的原则和发展层次问题探析

循环经济是一种基于人与自然和谐发展思想和哲学理念的可持续发展模式。它的提出为解决人类社会后发展中出现的人与自然的尖锐矛盾找到了一条可行的途径。由于循环经济是一种新的发展模式,许多理论问题和实践问题还有待于进一步探讨。对循环经济的基本理论进行研究为不断探索中国循环经济的发展途径提供了思路。