论保险法上的告知义务——兼论我国《保险法》第16条的完善

保险告知义务是保险法上最大诚信原则的重要体现之一,它要求保险告知义务承担人在订立保险合同时,应将其所了解的有关保险标的的一切重要情况如实告知保险人或其代理人,不得有任何隐瞒、遗漏、误述或欺作。对此,我国《保险法》第16条有相应的规定,但该规定仍有不足。本文从国外保险立法的相关规定入手,对保险告知义务的主体、告知义务的内容及告知义务产生的法理基础等方面进行了论述,在此基础上对我国《保险法》第16条的完善作了些许思考。     

试论新疆农产品营销渠道创新

农产品营销渠道是农产品销售的核心问题,农产品竞争力不仅取决于生产的成本和效率,很大程度上也取决于营销渠道的完善与否。农产品营销渠道体系的完善对于满足城乡居民的农产品消费需求、提高农民的经济收入和生产积极性、促进农产品生产持续发展、繁荣农产品市场有着十分重要的作用和意义。本文通过分析新疆农产品营销渠道存在的主要问题,提出了新疆农产品营销渠道创新的对策建议。     

INTERNATIONAL RELOCATION OF PRODUCTION: WHERE DO FIRMS GO?

The flexible relocation of capacity across countries by multinational enterprises has become an important source of concern. Using a unique sample of relocating firms in Belgium, we find that wages and market potential of host regions are important determinants for the location choice. Considering firm characteristics, we show that large firms have a higher propensity to relocate to remote countries. Public aid only plays a decisive role in the investment decision for relocations to adjacent countries, suggesting a potential harmful role in distorting competition. More proactive policies in line with changing comparative location advantages should be implemented to accommodate relocations.     

农业税取消后农业科技推广体系改革探讨——对湖南省慈利县的调查

农业税的取消,使得县乡两级财政收入大为减少,如何确保农业科技推广工作的正常开展成为当前研究的重要课题。本文在论述取消农业税对农业科技推广影响的基础上,通过对湖南省慈利县的实地调研,针对农业科技推广工作在农村的现状,提出了具有一定可行性的改革对策。     

A coevolutionary model for promoting agricultural sustainability

This article presents a coevolutionary model of agricultural development that is based on observations from the environmental history of agriculture and the need for addressing development processes toward sustainability. It asserts that the challenge of agricultural sustainability can be fruitfully addressed within an analytical framework that consciously and explicitly considers agricultural development as consisting of processes of coevolution involving agriculture and the surrounding ecological and socioeconomic systems. Widening the processes to include strong interconnectedness with national and global systems with respect to off-farm resources and farm outputs has led to various agro-ecological problems. Strengthening local interaction and interconnectedness in a rural-urban context is found to be essential for developing a system of sustainable agriculture. Such development requires influencing many subsystems and implementing changes in production methods and land use as short-term responses to the problem, and technological development, resource allocation and changes in values as long-term responses. It also requires some sustainability principles and indicators in order to direct actions and to facilitate communications, which can be derived from the model. Applying the model on Swedish agricultural sustainability during the twentieth century reveals some, probably, important findings for “building” sustainable agriculture and lends support to the usefulness of the model.     

Production functions and distributions of unit factor productivities: Uncovering the link

We derive a reversible “endogenous technology choice transform,” according to which firm-level production functions and distributions of unit factor productivities are two sides of the same coin. The Cobb–Douglas function relates to Pareto distributions, and the CES to Weibull distributions.     

Anatomy of a crisis: the causes and consequences of surging food prices

Although the potential causes and consequences of recent rising international food prices have attracted widespread attention, many existing appraisals are superficial and/or piecemeal. This article attempts to provide a more comprehensive review of these issues based on the best and most recent research, as well as on fresh theoretical and empirical analysis. We first analyze the causes of the current crisis by considering how well standard explanations hold up against relevant economic theory and important stylized facts. Some explanations turn out to hold up much better than others, especially rising oil prices, the depreciation of the U.S. dollar, biofuels demand, and some commodity‐specific explanations. We then provide an appraisal of the likely macro‐ and microeconomic impacts of the crisis on developing countries. We observe a large gap between macro and micro factors, which, when identifying the most vulnerable countries, often point in different directions. We conclude with a brief discussion of what ought to be learned from this crisis.     

The myth of large farm superiority: Lessons from agricultural transition in poland

In Poland, larger farms are often actively promoted over small farms. This policy is based on the perception that there are economies of scale that favor large farms; however, this is contrary to international evidence, which generally indicates that larger farms are less efficient and use less labor than smallscale family farms.

Using both total factor productivity measures and data envelopment analysis, empirical findings from Poland suggest that larger farms are no more efficient than smaller farms, and smaller farms are relatively more labor-intensive. These results have important policy implications for farm restructuring in Poland and other transition economies.     

以新兴的乡村生态发展模式解决中国城乡协调发展,探讨可持续性的发展模式:安吉案例

本文探讨了在中国浙江省安吉县通过创新和政策的调整实现生态经济发展的理念和方式。通过规划导向的发展模式,在生产与消费之间能够互补的产业链的基础上,一个新的、具有地方特征的生态经济模式终于形成。这个模式的构成包括了这些内容:住区基础设施的建设,可再生能源和循环竹产业的发展,农业食品供给链,以及生态旅游(农家乐)。这种模式代表了中国一种新的、内生型的城乡协调发展模式。这种模式在中国新农村建设过程中具有可复制性和可推广性。本文的分析和研究说明,如果能够与本地区实际情况相结合,同时具有创新理念的方式,在规划的引导下进行推广,安吉模式的生态经济和相关动态的城乡"网络",在中国具有发展的潜力。     

Panel‐data Estimates of the Production Function and the Revenue Function: What Difference Does It Make?*

The lack of individual firm information on output prices is a major problem in the econometrics of production. In particular, it may be expected to account for a significant share of the large discrepancies found between the cross‐sectional and time‐series estimates of capital and scale elasticities. However, taking advantage of two panel‐data samples for which we had such information, we find that estimating the revenue function (using a nominal output measure) or the production function proper (using a real output measure) makes very little difference for our results. The biases due to other sources of specification errors are probably more important.