Implementation of accounting reforms

Abstract

Innovations in financial and accounting techniques represent a fundamental aspect of the reforms undergone by public administrations in recent decades. The article presents the results of a survey, conducted on 237 local governments, whose purpose is to assess the implementation of accounting reforms in Italy, aimed at introducing accruals reporting in the traditional budgetary accounting system to enhance accountability and transparency in the overall modernization process. The analysis shows that the importance of cash- and commitment-based accounting in the overall system is overwhelming, whereas the marginality of the ‘new’ accrual-based reporting is evident. In the opinions of preparers, accruals accounting is not seen as a useful tool and the link with internal needs and managerial control systems is absent. Is the time ripe for a new reform?     

Evidence of the impacts of public e-procurement: The Portuguese experience

This paper analyses public e-procurement implementation and emphasizes its main difficulties and impacts in relation to the type of public organizations. The primary impacts and changes in the Portuguese public sector are analyzed within the new legal framework, which adopts mandatory e-procurement for any open, restricted or negotiated procedure. In this sense, two surveys carried out in consecutive years were conducted to assess the implementation difficulties and impact of e-procurement in the Portuguese public sector.The major value of this research is that it presents and discusses, for the first time, evidences about difficulties and impacts on the mandatory adoption of public e-procurement, based on the case of Portugal. The results show that the entities’ administrative level influences the e-procurement implementation, which is influenced by the innovation adoption process.     

Sustainable Development and Resilience in Ecosystems

Two new important developments in environmental and resource economics is presented—non convex dynamics of ecosystems and wealth as an indicator of sustainable development. Non convex dynamics imply existence of resilience, that is the robustness of systems to withstand exogenous perturbations. Resilience can be regarded as an insurance against flips of the system into different basins of stability. Sustainable development, according to the Bruntland report, is the provision of productive resources to future generations to make it possible for them to live as well as the present generation. Thus, the value of changes in productive assets is therefore an index of whether an economy is on a sustainable path or not. Resilience can be regarded as one such productive asset and the paper discusses how one can define the value of this asset.     

我国环保产业研究现状及尚需探讨的几个问题

本文在总结目前我国环保产业研究现状的基础上,认为中国环保产业的要想得到理论研究的指导,就不能回避对几个问题进行深入的探讨,即当前我国环保产业内涵的界定;环保产业的价值和评价体系;我国环保产业发展的特有规律;中国加入WTO对我国的环保产业的影响。     

我院科研工作现状分析及其发展趋势研究

本文分析了我院近年来科研活动的基本规律与科研队伍的构成及其特点,在此基础上,对我院科研工作的发展趋势进行了探讨,明确了科研工作在我院可持续发展中的作用,并对我院科研队伍的培养和科研质量的提高提出了建设性意见.     

企业业绩评价:会计收益与经济收益的博弈

本文在对传统经济收益和会计收益的基本内涵及现时外延分析的基础上,阐述了传统收益的特点和在当前经济环境中遇到的挑战,从经济收益与会计收益选择的博弈与修正中,认为会计学中全面收益理想内涵是与经济学收益完全契合的概念,是经济收益与会计收益博弈过程中达到和谐和统一。同时在分析美英等发达国家的全面收益报告模式的基础上,依据现行经济环境和会计计量条件,提出具有中国特色的全面收益表报告模式。     

会计人员心理与会计违规行为——一个基于治理会计违规行为的分析视角

本文运用管理心理学理论,对会计人员心理与会计违规行为之间的深层内涵进行了分析,揭示了会计违规行为是外部环境和会计人员主观心理相互作用的结果。并指出治理会计违规行为的方法是减轻外部环境给会计人员造成的心理压力及对其各种需要的威胁,同时,还要重视会计人员正确价值观的塑造和健康心理的培育。     

反倾销调查的会计问题分析及会计对策构想

在过去的20多年里,由于种种原因中国成为全球反倾销受害最严重的国家,出口在全球占4％,而遭受反倾销立案数量却占到了14％,这在一定程度上影响了我国出口贸易的进一步发展。而在一定意义上,反倾销不是普通的法律诉讼,也不是简单的经济问题,而是发生在既定法律程序下的会计纷争,一旦反倾销调查发起后,调查机关与有关当事人就迅速卷入到一场关于产品成本与价格的会计争论中。因此,研究反倾销的会计问题,对我国具有重要的理论与现实意义。本文从会计学的视角审视反倾销,研究我国企业反倾销应诉中的会计问题及会计对策。     

研究与借鉴:关于国际审计报告准则修订征求意见稿

阐述IAASB2003年12月发布的对国际审计报告准则进行修订的征求意见稿的主要修订方面并对其进行归纳与分析,指出其进步与不足之处;同时探讨其对我国不断改进审计报告准则的参考意义以及审计准则国际化趋势对我国的影响。     

对中央银行会计事后监督的认识

本文从中央银行会计事后监督的产生与演变入手,分析了央行会计事后监督的职能与定位,提出了央 行会计事后监督的特殊性及其对会计事后监督理论的发展,并阐述了会计监督与会计控制之间的统一性。