Influence of customer participation on creating and sharing of new product value

This research applies an institutional arrangement perspective to develop an end-to-end model for the interaction between customers and upstream suppliers to develop a new product to understand how new product value is created and shared. The model is empirically tested by collecting primary data from 188 manufacturers across different industries. The research demonstrates that customer participation affects new product value creation by improving the effectiveness of the new product development process by enhancing information sharing and customer–supplier coordination and by increasing the level of customer and supplier specific investments in the product development effort. In addition, increasing the formalization of the customer participation process enhances both customer and supplier relationship-specific investments in the new product development process. The impact of customer participation on the customer's share of the new product value pie is more complex then is first apparent. Based on the dependence and equity perspectives the results suggest that exchange partners' power (relative dependence) positively influences a partner's ability to capture new product value, but this power is offset by a desire of exchange partners to ensure the distribution of value is “fair” and reflects each party's contribution to the value creation.

我国外向型经济的结构与效益问题分析——后危机时代的思考

对外开放以来,我国对外贸易一直注重在数量和规模上的扩张,不注重贸易结构和质量。加工贸易在我国出口和服务结构中占比过大,外资企业出口额在我国出口额中占据半壁江山,对我国对外贸易的可持续发展构成了较大威胁。因此,我国必须从转变经济发展方式出发,掌握自主知识产权,发展自主品牌产品,才能在对外贸易中占据主动。     

我国农产品出口市场结构及依赖性研究

在农产品出口市场比较集中的情况下,为了有效地降低出口市场风险,需要考察农产品出口与主要进口市场之间的依赖关系,以明确国际市场上的可靠需求者。通过考察中国对某国农产品出口额及中国农产品出口总额、该国从中国进口农产品数量及该国农产品总进口数量及其两国总体贸易的平衡状况,计算出中国对各出口市场的依赖系数,作为我国农产品国际贸易依赖程度分析的参考。     

专利家族视角下技术演化路径依赖研究——以光刻技术为例

以专利家族为研究视角,阐述技术路径动态演化过程中的路径依赖。专利家族自引会对技术主路径造成干扰,通过对主路径进行调整,提出一种修正技术主路径的新思路。研究发现：光刻技术在“投影对准和曝光系统—浸没式投影物镜—浸没式光刻材料—光刻胶”4个阶段经历了“路径消解—路径产生与路径依赖—路径消解与突破”的动态演化过程。在此过程中,以荷兰阿斯麦、德国蔡司和日本东京电子为代表的专利家族发挥重要作用。其中,以阿斯麦为核心的利益联盟垄断核心技术,强化光刻技术发展的路径依赖作用,占据市场领先地位。研究结论有助于深化对路径依赖理论的认知,通过揭示光刻技术路径演化过程及企业演化格局,为后发国家突破技术路径依赖提供实践启示。     

中国优势产业组合的动态演化机制研究——基于TERGM的实证分析

基于产品空间理论，利用1962―2015年128个国家和地区783个产业出口贸易数据，借助最新发展的时间指数随机图模型（TERGM），深度剖析中国优势产业组合的动态演化机制。研究发现，中国优势产业组合存在显著的中心―边缘宏观网络结构特征，且由星型和三角形两种结构依赖所驱动，分别意味着轴式发展路径和链式发展路径。进一步地，动态ERGM研究结果表明，我国实施的渐进式发展战略存在时间依赖，且呈现出较强的“自稳定性”。结论表明，TERGM能够有效解决产品空间中的结构依赖和时间依赖问题，是系统描述和检验网络演化的有力分析工具，并且透过微观网络构局揭示中国优势产业组合的动态演化机制，为更好地分析产业结构的网络互赖性，实现产业转型升级提供指导。     

资源密集地区区域创新能力挤出效应研究

基于我国省级层面2001—2017年数据，通过系统GMM估计方法和脉冲响应函数，分析在区域经济发展中区域创新能力和资源依赖程度的关系。结果显示：资源依赖程度高会导致区域创新能力下降，存在挤出效应，同时区域创新能力低会使资源依赖程度提升，存在双向作用关系。二者极易形成恶性循环，若资源密集地区继续采取传统粗放式发展，将难以提升其区域创新能力，进而被迫锁定于传统路径依赖，难以实现经济社会可持续高质量发展。     

Investigating a three-way interaction of manufacturer control,retail control and dependence on salesforce performance. Does the role of frontline employees matters ?

Dependence and retailer control on manufacturer's salesforce imply several challenges in retail channels. This research addresses how they affect the relationship between manufacturer control and salesforce performance due to the high level of salesforce investment. We conduct a moderated-moderation analysis.We investigate the moderating roles of retailer control and dependence on the relationship between manufacturer control and salesforce performance. To take into account the importance of the store frontline employee, we next studied the influence of his perception of the salesforce on the sales control systems in retailing. First, our results show that salesforce performance is influenced directly by manufacturer process control and, retail control and dependence moderate this relationship in two-way and three-way interactions. The salesforce subject to process control by manufacturer improves his performance under strong retailer outcome control while the manufacturer is in a low relative dependence. Second, employee perception of the salespeople mediates the link between manufacturer process and retailer outcome controls. We test our model in two studies and theoretically integrate retailer control, dependence, and employee perception of the salesforce, in the sales control literature. In the end, we provide practical implications to further improve salesforce performance and employee perception of the salespeople and future research suggestions.     

Dependence structures and risk spillover in China’s credit bond market: A copula and CoVaR approach

This study uses a dynamic copula model of dependence to investigate risk spillovers in China’s credit bond market between the bank and corporate sectors for a range of maturities from one week to 30 years. Using daily data on credit spreads for the period December 28, 2009 to June 2, 2017, the empirical results show that credit risk spillover is low and relatively stable for medium-term bonds, but higher and more variable for short- and long-term bonds. The results also show that credit risk spillover increased after 2014 with financial market reforms that involved interest rate liberalization and a loosening of government guarantees on corporate debt.     

Flexible dependence modeling of operational risk losses and its impact on total capital requirements

Operational risk data, when available, are usually scarce, heavy-tailed and possibly dependent. In this work, we introduce a model that captures such real-world characteristics and explicitly deals with heterogeneous pairwise and tail dependence of losses. By considering flexible families of copulas, we can easily move beyond modeling bivariate dependence among losses and estimate the total risk capital for the seven- and eight-dimensional distributions of event types and business lines. Using real-world data, we then evaluate the impact of realistic dependence modeling on estimating the total regulatory capital, which turns out to be up to 38% smaller than what the standard Basel approach would prescribe.