土壤碳汇功能与农户耕作行为演变激励

本文研究了农业土壤碳汇所具有的经济潜力将对中国农户耕作行为产生的影响。通过建立农户耕作行为方式选择模型和土壤碳汇激励模型,分析了农户采用不同农业耕作行为方式的经济过程,探讨了碳交易机制对农户行为方式改变的影响。研究得出:土壤碳汇功能可以帮助农户增加自身收入、减少贫困,从而带来减少大气中CO2气体含量、缓减温室效应、提升土壤肥力等保护环境的正外部效益。     

多元统计分析方法在钛白粉生产水解工序能力评价中的应用研究

硫酸法钛白粉生产中水解工序具有三个基本质量特性且相互有一定相关性,因而对水解工序不能直接进行一元工序能力指数有效评价。本文首次采用多元统计分析的方法解决了在钛白粉生产的水解工序实例中进行多元工序能力指数综合评价的问题,不仅为出入境检验检疫机构日常监管出口钛白粉分类管理企业的关键过程,提出了一种客观科学的评价方法,而且为企业加强水解工序的工艺指导和自我质量控制提供了依据。     

A real options reasoning approach to hybrid vehicle investments

Long term increases of petrol prices and the threat of a global climate change have created in the automotive industry a new competitive environment based on the development of more sustainable technologies. Using the real option reasoning lens we provide a theoretical framework to better account for the technological and market uncertainties and irreversibilities that impact the investment and innovation decisions of automotive firms supporting the development of more sustainable vehicle technologies. We investigate the case of hybrid vehicles in a transitional perspective by insisting on their potential to influence the dynamic shaping of investment decisions of firms in the car industry. We consider the hybridization strategy as intra-project and inter-project compound growth options to manage the flexibilities and irreversibilities of investment decisions during the transition process. We provide four different-sometimes conflicting-strategic rationales structuring the investment efforts of firms in hybrid vehicles and illustrate them with numerous examples from the automotive industry.     

我国二氧化碳排放的影响因素：基于省级面板数据的研究

本文较为精确地估算了1995—2007年我国29个省的人均二氧化碳（CO2）排放量和排放总量,构建了省级CO2排放面板数据库,并分别在静态和动态面板数据模型框架下,考察了我国CO2排放的影响因素。研究结果显示,重工业比重、城市化水平和煤炭消费比重都对我国的CO2排放都具有显著正的影响;经济发展水平和人均CO2排放量之间则存在倒U型关系,环境库兹涅兹曲线假说成立;上一期人均CO2排放量的大小对本期的排放量具有显著正的影响。     

Stochastic Divergence or Convergence of Per Capita Carbon Dioxide Emissions: Re-examining the Evidence

This paper revisits the time-series literature on the convergence of per capita carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and examines the robustness of previous results. Using a sample of OECD countries for the period 1950–2002 we employ a battery of stationarity and unit root tests including those that allow for cross-sectional dependencies within the panel. We also correct for inaccuracies in previous studies that could result in a trend-stationary series being labelled as converging even if it were actually diverging from the international average. The body of evidence provided by our analysis suggests that per capita CO₂ emissions have not converged among OECD countries during the period under consideration. This finding is of importance to both climate change policy makers and to those who construct climate change models.      

二氧化碳排放与经济增长关系的EKC检验——对我国东、中、西部地区的一项比较

根据环境库兹涅茨曲线理论,本文选用1996—2008年中国省域面板数据,研究了东、中、西部地区人均碳排放EKC的存在性。研究结果表明：第一,东、中部地区存在人均碳排放EKC,而西部地区入均碳排放与经济增长呈线性关系。第二,东、中部地区人均碳排放EKC拐点到达的时间不同,东部地区较晚而中部地区较早,并且碳排放强度下降会促使拐点提前到达。第三,东、中、西部地区人均碳排放均存在较强的排放惯性,当期经济增长会对未来几年的环境质量产生影响。     

技术进步对二氧化碳排放的影响分析——基于静态和动态面板数据模型

深入研究技术进步对节能减排的作用,对于协调中国经济发展和环境保护的关系具有重要的现实意义。本文基于2000~2011年中国30个省份的面板数据,分别应用静态和动态面板数据模型,考察技术进步对二氧化碳排放的影响。静态和动态面板数据模型都表明前一期技术进步能够显著地减少本期二氧化碳排放,技术进步对节能减排有显著的作用,但是技术进步对节能减排的作用有一定的时滞。因此,中国应该加大研发投入,鼓励技术创新,加快技术扩散的速度。