中国双向FDI协调发展与经济增长相互影响吗?——基于“双循环”背景的实证检验

通过观察一个国家的IFDI、OFDI常常与该国的经济增长呈现出正相关关系的现象,本文使用新经济地理学模型,依据对中国双向FDI协调发展与经济增长之间相互作用机理的分析,推演两者之间的空间内生性逻辑。实证方面,基于2003-2018年中国31个省域的面板数据和广义空间三阶段最小二乘(GS3SLS)估计,运用空间面板数据联立方程模型对中国双向FDI协调发展与经济增长之间相互作用的宏观效应进行了统计测度。研究表明:⑴在全国层面上,双向FDI协调发展能够促进经济增长;同时,经济增长也能够促进双向FDI的协调发展。在分样本讨论的情况下,该结论依然成立。⑵双向FDI协调发展与经济增长之间的相互影响存在空间分异。总体而言,中东部地区的双向FDI协调发展对经济增长的促进作用更为明显。此外,双向FDI协调发展与经济增长之间的相互影响关系还与产业结构升级、人均资本存量、企业所得税等有关。     

双层网络嵌入下结构洞对企业二元创新的影响研究

网络结构特征影响企业知识转移与知识组合效果,进而对创新绩效产生复杂作用。利用我国165家上市企业2007—2018年专利面板数据,实证检验企业知识与协同双层网络嵌入对二元创新绩效的影响,并分析战略柔性和开放度对上述关系的调节作用。研究结果表明,企业知识网络结构洞正向影响利用式创新绩效,负向影响探索式创新绩效;协同网络结构洞与二元创新均存在负相关关系。同时,战略柔性和开放度调节双层网络结构洞与二元创新的关系,且变量间存在有效匹配关系：知识网络结构洞—开放度促进利用式创新绩效提升,而协同网络结构洞—战略柔性促进探索式创新绩效提升。研究结论为解决结构洞与企业创新关系的分歧带来新思路,同时为企业创新绩效提升提供理论借鉴。     

论分权背景下的中国垂直管理体制——概况、评价及其完善建议

垂直管理是我国上下级管理体制中的一个重要现象。作为中央对地方、上级对下级进行调控的重要手段,这个现象在中国有不断被强化的趋势。文章认为,为规范垂直管理工作,一要合理划分上下级权限,调动两个积极性。二要设置合理的垂直管理体系,加强对垂直部门的管理。三要转变政府职能,实施科学的干部考评体系。四要推行扁平化治理,扩大下级、基层政府的自主权。     

我国财产保险公司范围经济效应的实证检验与真伪性分析

我国自1996年实施产寿分业经营以来,保险公司数量急剧增加,财险业务中车险的比重不断上升,呈现出“一险独大”的市场状况。运用超越对数成本函数,对国内20家具有代表性的财险公司2005-2012年的范围经济状况进行检验发现,以保费为基础的检验结果与以总资产为基础的检验结果存在着很大差异,意味着我国财险公司的范围经济效应存在着“真伪性”。对此,通过对财务数据、业务结构、业务规模等数据的分析,鉴别了我国财险公司范围经济效应的“真、伪”性。     

Distributional assumptions and a test of the dual labor market hypothesis

Recent application of the switching regression model to allocate workers into the primary and secondary labor markets is considered to be the best solution to the classification problem of the empirical testing of the dual labor market theory. In such models, normality of the error terms is assumed. This paper adopts the switching regression model to test the dual labor market theory by assuming different distributions of the error terms. The test results strongly support the dual labor market theory regardless of the assumption one makes about the error terms. However, the results indicate that different distribution can lead to different percentage distributions of workers in the two segments. In particular, the normal distribution generates more workers in the primary segment than the non-normal distributions. Therefore, care must be taken not to generalize the type of industries or occupations that fall under the primary and secondary segments. First version received: October 2000/Final version received: March 2002 RID="*" ID="*"  I would like to thank Kevin Lang, Robert Marshall, and two anonymous referees for their helpful comments. I am grateful for comments received from the session participants of the Western Economic Association International Conference, San Francisco, CA, June 28–July 2, 1996, and the Midwest Economic Association Conference, Kansas City, 1997. I thank George Bonney, the Chief Statistician of Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia for his comments. Any remaining errors are my responsibility. I gratefully acknowledge financial support from Penn State Research and Development Grant, 1995.     

论二元经济结构的转化趋向

促使二元经济结构转化是发展中国家经济发展的一个关键,然而,现有文献不能为经济结构的转化趋向提供有说服力的解释,这影响了人们对二元经济问题的认识及转化路径的选择。本文认为二元经济反差源于两部门不同的分工水平,结构转变的趋向必须在分工演进的视角下才可能得到解释。基于此,本文构建了一个新兴古典经济学模型,证明了随着分工组织的演进和分工水平的提高,二元经济结构转变体现为一个工业化,以及在此基础上的服务业的兴起和城市化水平提高的过程,而促使分工演进的关键是交易效率提高,或者说交易费用降低,理论推导的命题能够得到经验数据的支持,这样就内在一致地解释了二元经济结构在产业和空间等方面的转化趋向。     

The Information Society: Implications for Economic Institutions and Market Theory

The extraordinary growth and reduction in inequalities achieved between the mid-1960s and mid-1990s by the High Performing Asian Economies (HPAEs) — namely Hong Kong, the Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan (collectively called "the four tigers"), Japan, China, Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand — has been discussed at great length in the economic literature. However, no clear explanation has been suggested for the poor performance of other Asian economies, like India, which share the HPAEs geographical proximity and similar economic structures. This paper shows that the stark contrast between the high growth rates and declining income inequalities of HPAEs on one side, and low growth rates and stable (or rising) income inequalities of India and other Asian countries on the other side, may at least in part be explained by the different role that human capital has played in those economies between the mid-1960s and mid-1990s.     

中国的劳动收入份额为什么趋于下降?——基于二元经济模型的观察与解释

新古典经济学的要素分配理论以劳动力是稀缺资源作为其前提假设,与我国二元经济条件下的现实情况存在较大差距,因而在分析我国劳动收入份额下降时解释力不足。文章修正了新古典经济学的劳动力稀缺要素假定,基于劳动力无限供给假定的二元经济模型和中国数据表现出的异质性特征,建立了一个分析二元经济中劳动收入份额影响因素的理论框架,并运用该理论框架解释了中国劳动收入份额趋降的原因,提出促进劳动密集型技术进步、提高人力资本禀赋、审慎干预劳动市场等方面的政策建议。     

三重二元结构下的人口流动模型：对民工荒的一个新的研究框架

传统的人口流动模型建立在单一的城乡二元经济基础之上,不完全适合解释中国的人口流动问题,尤其不能解释民工荒现象。本文依据中国特殊的城乡和区域双重二元经济以及城乡二元社会结构下人口流动的特殊性,对传统人口流动模型进行修正,建立了新的人口流动模型,并以此分析我国产生民工荒现象的原因,提出解决民工荒问题的政策建议。     

Inter-enterprise arrears in economies in transition

In the context of economies in transition, the paper argues that an excessive liquidity squeeze could throw the economy into a persistent state of low economic activity. In such bad equilibrium, enterprise transactions become largely demonetized, with a chain of arrears, a form of involuntary credit, spreading over the entire system. The empirical analysis of the Romanian experience seems to support the view advanced in the paper.