农村合作金融组织的发展及对其草根性的规制

当前在我国农村信用社发生异化、农村合作基金会被取缔后,农民专业合作社的蓬勃发展促使农村资金互助社这种新型农村合作金融组织得到了快速的发展,但由于农村合作金融组织天然的草根性特点,使得其在拥有社员基础广、社员互信度高、管理成本低等优势的同时,不可避免地也存在着合作组织松散化、资产弱、合作凝聚力不强的问题。文章在分析国外成熟的草根性规制经验的基础上,提出了规制我国农村合作金融组织草根劣势的“正反向规制模式”,以期达到维系和激发我国农村合作金融组织强大活力的目的。     

利率规则与通货膨胀：一个模型分析

物价水平居高不下是我国政府和广大居民目前所面临的一个严峻问题。调控货币数量和名义利率水平是治理通货膨胀的两大举措。一部分投资者只能参与产品交易,而另一部分投资者既可以参与产品交易,也可参与债券交易,且存在速度冲击,交易者初始禀赋是同一的条件下,通过公开市场操作而购买债券会降低利率水平;在速度冲击是独立同分布的情况下,速度冲击对货币增长率的影响是暂时性的。     

西部民营组织发展的“润滑机制”和社会基础

在西部民营组织的发展过程中,市场体系的"润滑机制"和社会基础深刻影响着组织变迁进程。"润滑机制"的实体内容是市场中介组织,表现为信息服务体系、要素供给组织、销售网络;西部地区的社会基础包括二元结构的社会文化和市场经济道德基础。它们共同决定着市场组织的交易费用,影响着市场组织的发展程度。     

State-dependent pricing, inflation, and welfare in search economies

We investigate the welfare effects of inflation in economies with search frictions and menu costs. We first analyze an economy where there is no transaction demand for money balances: Money is a mere unit of account. We determine a condition under which strictly positive inflation is desirable. We relate this condition to a standard efficiency condition for search economies. Second, we consider a related economy in which there is a transaction role for money. In the absence of menu costs, the Friedman rule is optimal. In the presence of menu costs, the optimal inflation rate is negative for our numerical examples provided menu costs are small. A deviation from the Friedman rule can be optimal depending on the extent of the search externalities.     

Taylor Rule in Practice: Evidence from Turkey

This paper estimates the backward-looking and forward-looking monetary policy reaction functions of the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey (CBRT) by considering the post-crisis period from August 2001 to September 2006, with a special emphasis on inflation targeting. Policies which the CBRT applied are analyzed according to the Taylor rule. The empirical results indicate that the CBRT followed the Taylor rule in its interest setting behaviour. In forward-looking models, the response coefficient of inflation and the output gap is greater than that of backward-looking models. The results of forward-looking models reflect, the policies conducted in Turkey. In the post-crisis period, expected inflation has been the main reaction variable for the CBRT. This suggests that monetary policy over the post-crisis period was not accommodating increases in expected inflation. The main conclusion is that ‘Taylor rule’ based monetary policies were effective in inflation targeting in Turkey.

Term structure and the estimated monetary policy rule in the Eurozone

In this paper we estimate a standard version of the New Keynesian Monetary (NKM) model augmented with term structure in order to analyze two issues. First, we analyze the effect of introducing an explicit term structure channel in the NKM model on the estimated parameter values of the model, with special emphasis on the interest rate smoothing parameter using data for the Eurozone. Second, we study the ability of the model to reproduce some stylized facts such as highly persistent dynamics, the weak comovement between economic activity and inflation, and the positive, strong comovement between interest rates observed in actual Eurozone data. The Sect. 3 implemented is a classical structural method based on the indirect inference principle. We are grateful to Eduardo Ley, two anonymous referees and seminar participants at the XXXI Simposio de Análisis Económico (Oviedo, Spain) and Bank of Spain for their useful comments. Financial support from Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología and Universidad del País Vasco (Spain) and Fundación Séneca through projects SEJ2004-04811/ECON, 9/UPV00035.321-13511/2001 and I02937/PHCS/05, respectively, is gratefully acknowledged. The first author also thanks Fundación Ramón Areces for financial support.     

马克思论农产品供求与价格运行规律的理论与实践

马克思并没有留给我们专门论述农产品供求与价格的著作。他对这一问题的论述分散在他的主要著作中。农产品价格是农产品供求相互作用的结果。农产品供给与需求弹性较小,决定了农产品价格与价值是由劣等地生产的商品调节的。从影响我国农产品生产与供给诸因素分析,我国农产品(尤其是粮食)供给偏紧的态势将长期存在,潜伏着我国农产品(尤其是粮食)价格上涨的压力。     

国家审计在走向善治的国家治理中若干重要问题

随着经济、政治、社会的发展和民主法治建设的推进,国家审计在参与国家治理中的地位与作用更加突出。根据当前的经济、政治发展水平,基于国家社会发展战略,结合现有的审计体制,深入研究国家审计在国家治理中的功能、战略目标及主要任务,着力探讨为进一步拓展和深化国家审计参与国家治理以期达成目标和完成任务所应考虑的国家审计的效率和实施效果、国家审计的成本及预算约束、国家审计的培训和能力提升、国家审计的宣传与信息沟通以及国家审计的责任和业务边界等问题,具有极其重要的理论和现实意义。     

社会转型期中国法治文化的精髓及其构建路径

中国传统法律文化的实质是"人治"文化。本文在界定了法治文化概念的基础上,分析了中国由传统人治社会向现代法治社会转型过程中其法治文化的精髓及其构建路径,对于弘扬法治精神、推进法治建设,具有十分重要意义。社会转型期中国法治文化的构建路径是:提高党的领导水平;加强对国家权力的监督以及保障公民的权利。