江苏省农民收入结构的演变、成因与优化对策

随着城乡收入差距持续扩大,农民收入水平低下问题日益凸显出来,成为我国经济发展方式转变、和谐社会建设的制约因素。如何加快农民收入增长始终是政策关注的焦点。因而,研究农民收入结构的演变、成因与规律有助于探索农民增收新途径、促进经济发展。文章对1978—2010年江苏农民收入结构的演变进行了规范分析与实证分析,发现非农业收入已成为江苏农民增收的首要来源,其产生的主要原因是产业比较优势转换、城市化水平提高、就业结构与产业结构相匹配等经济规律的影响。总体来看,江苏农民收入结构不尽合理,应加大优化结构与增收的政策支持力度。     

Is the monetary policy rule responsive to exchange rate changes? The case of Indonesia,Malaysia, the Philippines,and Thailand

Extending Obstfeld and Rogoff (J Econ Perspect 9:73–96, 1995), Ball (Monetary policy rules, University of Chicago Press, pp. 127–144, 1999), Svensson (J Int Econ 50: 155–183, 2000), Taylor (Am Econ Rev 91: 263–267, 2001), Gali and Gertler (J Econ Perspect 21:25–46, 2007), and others, this paper finds that central banks in the Philippines and Thailand respond negatively to the current real exchange rate and positively to the lagged real exchange rate whereas central banks in Indonesia and Malaysia do not react to the current or lagged real exchange rate. For the Philippines and Thailand, the null hypothesis that the sum of the coefficients of the current and lagged real exchange rates is zero cannot be rejected at the 5% level. Central banks in these four countries respond positively to the inflation rate and the output gap, suggesting that the concept of a simple or an extended Taylor rule would apply to these countries. Monetary policy reaction functions for Indonesia and Thailand are steeper than those for Malaysia and the Philippines and would be more responsive to a change in the inflation rate.      

Non-renewable resources in the long run

We model a competitive economy in which production is dependent on labor and a non-renewable resource, the stock of which is inhomogeneous. We solve the model analytically and show how—in infinite time—the economy moves away from an initial balanced growth path (b.g.p.) and towards a mature b.g.p. The characteristics of the initial b.g.p. match historical observations of slowly declining resource price and consumption growth tracking global product. The mature b.g.p. depends on the nature of the stock; the more steeply cross-sectional area declines with depth, the faster the rate of price increase. We show how the theoretical model may be adapted and parameterized to explain and predict the evolution of markets for specific resources, applying the model in two cases, copper and petroleum.     

The evolution of U.S. monetary policy: 2000–2007

A vector autoregression with time-varying parameters is used to characterize changes in Federal Reserve policy that occurred from 2000 through 2007 and describe how they affected the performance of the U.S. economy. Declining coefficients in the model׳s estimated policy rule point to a shift in the Fed׳s emphasis away from stabilizing inflation over this period. More importantly, however, the Fed held the federal funds rate persistently below the values prescribed by this rule. Under this more discretionary policy, inflation overshot its target and the funds rate followed a path reminiscent of the “stop-go” pattern that characterized Fed behavior prior to 1979.     

工程建设企业伦理与道德实践论略

从工程技术伦理、工程职业伦理、工程社会伦理三个方面对工程建设企业伦理与道德选择进行了分析和论证,并从企业文化和价值论的角度阐述了工程建设企业伦理与道德实践中的团队意识、互利互惠、义利并重及公平效率等内容。提出工程建设企业项目管理由于存在价值取向的缺失,常常导致建设工程项目各参与方存在契约方面的不公平,同样带来许多社会问题;提出当前我国建设工程企业伦理与道德实践应坚持以人为本,注重企业员工伦理素质的提升;提出要自觉运用社会主义企业的主导价值观去激励教育员工,着眼于未来发展,把可持续发展的理念作为企业最高的伦理准则,坚持把社会整体性需要作为企业最深远的利益,塑造符合中国特色社会主义现代化建设要求的企业文化,推进企业持续快速发展。     

商业判断规则对中国公司法的启示

商业判断规则是美国法院对董事注意义务审查的一项重要准则,其内容是任何人要质疑董事的决策需推翻这样一个假定：董事在知悉的基础上,基于善意并相信是为公司的最大利益而做出的决策,否则法官会尊重董事的决策。商业判断规则的产生为公司的董事和他们的行为提供了在商业决策中回避风险的安全港。与之相比,我国公司法中关于董事勤勉义务的规定过于抽象,操作性不强,可以借鉴商业判断规则对其进行完善。     

On the efficiency of the negligence rule

The three versions of the negligence rule discussed in the literature differ regarding whether a negligent injurer is liable for the entire loss or only for the incremental loss; or regarding whether negligence is defined as failure to take at least due care or failure to take a cost‐justified precaution. It is shown in the paper that the incremental version with untaken precaution notion of negligence is not efficient; not even for the unilateral case. The paper also establishes, for the bilateral case, the efficiency of the incremental version with the shortfall‐from‐due‐care way of defining negligence.     

加强师德师风建设提高以德治校能力

教育大计,教师为本;教师培养,师德师风为先。师德师风建设是高校思想政治教育的重要内容,是进一步推动廉政文化进校园工作的重中之重,是增强以德治校水平和提高以德治校能力的关键,是贯彻落实学校党风廉政建设和深入推进反腐败工作的重要举措。     

对事业单位会计核算制度改革的几点认识

本文就事业会计改革,谈几点认识：第一,事业财务改革具有客观性和必然性;第二,对事业会计改革主要内容的理解和体会,面对这场预算会计改革,对事业单位会计人员和财会机构将是一场挑战。     

公益性社会组织公信力研究

公益性社会组织公信力是公益性社会组织获得利益相关者和社会公众信任的能力,体现组织与利益相关者和社会公众的互动关系,是公益性社会组织生存和发展的生命线。我国公益性社会组织公信力缺失的原因在于法律和政策管理错位,公益性社会组织欠缺合法性和自主性,内部治理和发展能力不足,缺乏公开性和透明度,外部监督和评估机制不完善,活动偏离公益使命。为此,急需改善公益性社会组织管理的法律和政策环境,强化其信息披露和内部治理,健全社会监督和问责机制。