Circular economy in corporate sustainability reporting: A review of organisational approaches

A growing commitment from companies to implement circular economy (CE) strategies demands the development of guidelines for consistent related external communication. The fields of non-financial reporting and sustainability are well established with numerous available international reporting frameworks and approaches; however, there is still an absence of standardised reporting principles and procedures for publishing progress on circularity. In this context, this article aims to explore how companies could include CE within their corporate sustainability reports, through an academic literature review and content analysis of existent reporting approaches. Results showed a clear disconnection between CE and sustainability reporting literature. Overall, only a few of the revised reporting approaches explicitly mention CE, and the guidance given to companies is very general, inconsistent and places the responsibility of selecting performance assessment approaches on the companies. The analysis contributes to identifying opportunities for transparent external communication of CE issues, as well as exploring the challenges and limitations.     

要素使用权交易：基于交易行为的竞争力分析框架

本文认为，要素使用权交易行为影响着各要素主体的行为决策，并最终影响到由微观到宏观的整个国家竞争力综合系统。解析我国企业的要素使用权交易行为模式，是解决我国竞争力现状、实现经济增长方式转变的重要环节。     

企业信息组织的集成模式与框架研究

集成作为解决复杂问题、构造有机整体的有效方法,为企业信息组织的变革与转型提供了一种新的思路和途径。本文在诠释企业信息组织集成内涵的基础上,提出了以人为核心的信息组织集成模式,并从能力集成、活动集成以及结构集成三个方面对集成机制进行了探讨,提出了相应的集成框架,同时建立了企业信息组织集成的基本模型。     

Entrepreneurial finance meets organizational reality: comparing investment practices and performance of corporate and independent venture capitalists

This paper investigates the effect of compensation of corporate personnel on their investment in new technologies. We focus on a specific corporate activity, namely corporate venture capital (CVC), describing minority equity investment by established‐firms in entrepreneurial ventures. The setting offers an opportunity to compare corporate investors to investment experts, the independent venture capitalists (IVCs). On average, we observe a performance gap between corporate investors and their independent counterparts. Interestingly, the performance gap is sensitive to CVCs' compensation scheme: it is the largest when CVC personnel are awarded performance pay. Not only do we study the association between incentives and performance but we also document a direct relationship between incentives and the actions managers undertake. For example, we observe disparity between the number of participants in venture capital syndicates that involve a corporate investor, and those that consist solely of IVCs. The disparity shrinks substantially, however, for a subset of CVCs that compensate their personnel using performance pay. We find a parallel pattern when analyzing the relationship between compensation and another investment practice, staging of investment. To conclude, the paper investigates the three elements of the principal‐agent framework, thus providing direct evidence that compensation schemes (incentives) shape investment practices (managerial action), and ultimately investors' outcome (performance). Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Exploring the relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment: an instrumental variable approach

Abstract

The possible role of job satisfaction (JS) on organizational commitment (OC) has been a very important and hotly debated topic among experts. However, existing studies have yielded mixed results potentially due to utilization of small datasets, different methodological designs, estimation techniques that do not control for potential endogeneity between the variables, or a combination of these issues. Using a large matched employer-employee data-set from Britain (WERS2011), we find that increases in employees’ JS positively influence OC. We also show that this relationship holds when an instrumental variable framework (IV ordered probit/IV probit) is adopted to take into account the potential endogeneity of JS. However, throughout the analysis, the IV estimates are smaller in magnitude in comparison to where JS is considered as an exogenous variable. Moreover, utilising a two-stage probit least square (2SPLS) estimator, we support our previous findings i.e. increased JS is likely to lead to enhanced OC, but we also show that greater OC leads to higher levels of JS suggesting that JS and OC are likely to be reciprocally related. Overall, the IV estimates confirm the importance of addressing the endogeneity issue in the analysis of the relationship between JS and OC.     

An integrated artificial intelligence framework for public management

ABSTRACT

Artificial intelligence (AI) extends the limits of current performance in data processing and analysis many times over. Since this states a great improvement in managing public data, this conceptual study discusses the use of AI in public management structures in connection with their risks and side effects. The exercise of state power and public influence through intelligent machines make ethical and political guidelines essential for their operation, constituting the cornerstones of the AI framework model developed here. The organizational structure and technical specification are additional aspects of the AI that determine design and functionality of the framework model in practical application.     

三个层面透视Finance两个维度解析Corporate Finance

本文运用系统理论,从宏观、中观及微观三个层面,围绕资金配置的价值最大化,着眼于价值分配、价值流动、价值发现、价值创造,对Finance的构成要素、发展脉络及逻辑框架进行整合解析,并对Finance及其各子系统之间的相互关系进行系统论述。从经济学与管理学两个维度,归纳了微观层面Corporate Finance的理论演进,倡导各界既要从经济学原理出发,分析企业在资本市场环境下如何进行资本运作、资本管理与资本增值;亦需结合管理学理论,针对委托代理、治理机制等核心问题探究如何完善企业财务决策、计划预测、控制分析等系列管理活动。从三个层面、两个维度将Finance的概念框架进行统一,有利于更好地解决我国现阶段"绿色经济转型"与"数字经济转型"所面临的重大现实问题。     

A Conceptually-Based Empirical Analysis on Quality Differences Between UK Annual Reports and US 10-K Reports

The International Accounting Standards Board （IASB） and the Financial Accounting Standards Board （FASB） stress the importance of high-quality ＇financial reports. From a scientific point of view, however, major methodological drawbacks can arise when trying to arrive at a comprehensive assessment and evaluation of the decision usefulness of financial reports. In this conceptually-based exploratory study, the authors construct a 33-item index aimed at operationalizing decision usefulness in terms of the fundamental and enhancing qualitative characteristics laid out in the conceptual framework （CF） of the IASB （2010）. Using a matched-pairs sample design, which includes 70 UK annual reports and 70 US 10-K reports for 2010, the results of test-retest and inter-rater reliability tests show that these multiple items, which were based on items used in previous research, can be measured in a reliable manner. At the same time, the results of an exploratory factor analysis indicate that the IASB qualitative characteristics cannot be measured separately when the 33-item index is applied. At an aggregate level, the results of paired-sample t-tests reveal that UK reports score on average higher than US 10-K reports, which suggests that the overall quality of UK reports is better. The findings of this study add to the existing literature on the empirical evaluation of the effects of international accounting standards, showing that, as compared with 10-K reports, UK annual reports provide more information on topics such as corporate social responsibility （CSR）, corporate governance, and annual bonus schemes. On the other hand, US reports outperform UK reports with respect to the content of fair value information, cash flow statements, off-balance financing, and audit reporting.     

集团主控型制造企业供应链竞争系统及其框架模型研究

通过对企业集团供应链管理模式的分析,建立了集团主控型制造企业供应链竞争系统框架模型。     

战略联盟中物流信息交换元数据框架研究

在借鉴OAI思想的基础上，提出了从研究物流信息元数据的角度解决问题的思路，并初步提出了一种物流信息元数据基本框架及其信息模型。