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191.
《Scandinavian Journal of Management》2020,36(4):101128
Institutional fields are not static, they undergo times of fragmentation and times of settlement. Neo-institutional research has long explained the settlement of fields as either the effect of political manoeuvring of actors, or of discursive activity influencing cultural codes, narratives and symbols. But can these processes really be considered in isolation? In this paper, we propose to adopt a comprehensive view on fields’ dynamics, one that embraces the interaction of political and discursive manoeuvring to explain how fragmented fields manage to settle. To do so, we build on the Gramscian concept of hegemonic practices as discursive and political processes that integrate cultural equivalence among actors with political alliances based on aligned interests. Hegemonic practices align actors in a new historical bloc (a new settlement). Through this lens, we interpret the case of the Italian State steel privatization (1984–1995) and propose a process model explaining what yields fields’ dynamics from fragmentation to settlement. The model highlights the action of diffused agency in field dynamics, thus overcoming the obsolete challenger/incumbent view, and the need of becoming a historical bloc for alliances to stabilize a field. 相似文献
192.
结构冲击与结构转换对中国地区差距变化的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
中国各地之间存在显著的产业结构差异,但现有关于中国地区收入差距的文献多受新古典单部门增长模型的影响,忽视结构冲击与结构转换的作用。通过构造变量,本文将各地区的实际增长率分解为结构冲击、结构转换9生产率增长三部分,从而克服了以往研究之不足。研究发现,结构冲击在1978年-1990年缩小了地区差距,但1990年—2002年扩大了地区差距;结构转换在整个改革期间均缩小了地区差距,从而加快农业发展和中西部地区产业结构转换有助于改善中国的地区收入分配状况。 相似文献
193.
国内外经济环境的变化迫使中国工业转型升级,然而在经济全球的时代,中国工业转型升级除了面临内需空间不足、创新收益不高、人才往行政部门流动和教育支撑不够等问题,还受到发达国家振兴制造业战略、技术封锁、迫使人民币升值和跨国公司在华市场竞争的制约。 相似文献
194.
中国商业银行资本监管:制度变迁和效果评价 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
资本监管是审慎银行监管的核心。上个世纪90年代以来,我国监管当局开始建立并逐步改进资本监管制度。本文分银行体制商业化转型初期、市场化银行体制形成时期、银行体系日益国际化时期三个阶段,对我国商业银行资本监管制度变迁过程进行系统性考察,全面评估不同时期资本监管的效果。本文认为,国有银行改革、银行体系开放、增强银行体系稳健性和资本监管制度与国际标准接轨四个方面因素的相互作用,为资本监管制度变迁注入的动力,决定了资本监管制度演进的方向;资本监管制度的变革既反映监管当局风险监管理念的进步,也体现了监管当局为增强银行体系稳健性、推动银行业改革和促进经济增长等多目标同时实现所做的持续努力和必要妥协。 相似文献
195.
Until recently, all airports in Greece were owned and managed by the state; however, the recent economic crisis led the Greek government to privatize 14 regional airports. This paper evaluates the performance of the 38 Greek airports open to civil aviation just before the privatization was concluded. It also aims to highlight that the majority of airports with high efficiency were selected to be privatized. The analysis was performed applying Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) using 2011 and 2015 operational and financial data. Results showed that, despite the economic crisis, overall efficiency improved between 2011 and 2015, mainly due to the spectacular increase in incoming international passenger traffic. Changes in efficiency can be attributed by and large to exogenous factors such as operations of low-cost carriers and charter operators along with the seasonal operations of established carriers at individual airports. Findings confirm that the majority of high efficiency airports were offered to private investors. 相似文献
196.
《The British Accounting Review》2020,52(4):100919
This paper reports on a field study of how a range of inter-institutional and inter-organisational forces shape the evolving rhetoric and practice of multiple accountabilities in public services. Drawing on the institutional logics perspective, we carried out a qualitative field study in the Australian Commonwealth Public Service involving semi-structured interviews, two focus group discussions, and the examination of internal accounting, management reports, and government archival records. The findings suggest that emphasis on conventional instrumental mechanisms and reporting tools, such as budgeting and accrual-based reporting, support managerial (instrumental) accountability through compliance logics. We conclude that an emphasis on public (relational) accountability through public dialogue is central to the public sector accountability debate, and that more attention needs to be paid to the question of how to balance the dual logics (instrumental and relational) in public services. The findings provide practical insights for public sector managers, policymakers and governments responsible for designing and implementing reforms, accounting tools, and accountability practices. 相似文献
197.
Over the last three decades, Mexico's macroeconomic policy has been driven by a sound orthodox strategy: an open economy via many trade agreements signed since the mid-1980s, a nominal exchange rate under a flexible regime since 1994, central bank autonomy, and responsible fiscal policy, among other benchmarks. Nevertheless, the exchange rate has continued on a path of depreciation against the US dollar. In this paper, we show that although an equilibrium relationship exists between the exchange rate and prices in Mexico and the US (its main commercial partner), there are other forces affecting the former. The main factor in this relentless long-term depreciation is the loss of productivity in Mexico relative to the US. In addition, we show that the extraordinary liquidity supplied by the US during the 2008 crisis caused the Mexican peso to appreciate against the dollar. 相似文献
198.
Using data envelopment analysis and the Malmquist productivity index, this paper studies productivity efficiency of various airlines in China after the Chinese government deregulated the aviation industry in 2005. The results show that the productivity efficiency of non-state-owned airlines improves rapidly and eventually exceeds state-owned airlines after the deregulation policy. Among the state-owned airlines, the productivity of the local airlines and their technical changes are better than those of the central airlines. 相似文献
199.
市场分割的制度基础与概念内涵——基于组织社会学制度理论的视角 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中国的市场分割是中国经济转型在特定阶段出现的一种市场结构或状态。从组织社会学制度理论的视角看中国市场分割可以发现:中国的市场分割存在着行为权力的分割现象,市场分割不仅源于制度和政策的差异,同时也有制度与政策执行中的差异。市场分割中的地区性行政垄断、地方保护主义行为及非整合状态,反映出现阶段的中国经济体制中存在的问题。 相似文献
200.
改革行政审批 重在制度创新 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
霍永刚 《山西经济管理干部学院学报》2003,11(2):47-48
深化审批制度改革意义重大,势在必行.行政审批制度改革的重点应放在制度创新上,要改变法律规章制定的角度,根据新的需要建立新的法规,对确需保留的审批事项,要规范化,要大力推行政务公开制度,最终建立与社会主义市场经济相适应的新的行政审批制度. 相似文献