供应链是价值链的一种表现形式

先介绍了企业关系的演变和发展 ,概述了供应链/价值链产生和发展的背景、供应链/价值链研究的发展。然后从哲学的角度深入分析供应链/价值链之间的关系和区别 ,首次得出“供应链是价值链的一种表现形式 ,两者是内容和形式的哲学关系”的结论。弄清两者的关系 ,对供应链/价值链的研究和应用有很大的现实指导意义。价值链管理应注重宏观、战略、定性等方面的研究和应用 ,而供应链管理则应更加注重微观操作、运行管理、定量等方面的研究和应用。     

给排水工程专业课程体系构造与网页制作

根据给排水工程专业特点,构造给排水专业的课程体系及其相互关系,制作课程体系信息库并应用Frontpage2000软件将其链接起来,在互联网上供本专业学生查阅,达到了指导、帮助学生综合利用自己所学知识进行课程预习、复习及毕业设计的目的.     

论集体合同制度在现代企业制度建设中的地位

建立现代企业制度，是在生产资料公有制的前提条件下，解决公有制的生产资料在生产过程中的实现形式问题，目的是使公有制与市场经济的效率统一起来。在产权制度改革过程中，在解决所有权与经营权的关系时，应注意劳动权的保护，建立所有权、经营权、劳动权相互依存、相互促进的体制。劳动集体合同制度的建设，具有重要意义。     

小城镇建设与农村剩余劳动力转移

文章从分析推进农村剩余劳动力转移与解决我国“三农”问题的关系入手,提出小城镇建设是农村剩余劳动力转移的必由之路,进而提出通过小城镇建设转移农村剩余劳动力的几点对策,即：以政府职能转变为切入点,大力营造和优化劳动力进镇就业与创业的软硬环境：以户籍制度改革为突破口,彻底打破和消除劳动力合理流动的体制与政策障碍;以改革和发展教育为抓手,全面培育和提高农村劳动力的文化与科技素质。     

我国人口劳动力参与率影响因素的实证分析(1978～2001年)

劳动力参与率的影响因素错综复杂。在中国,性别因素和工资水平对劳动力参与率水平的影响作用并不显著;经济增长和教育水平的提高与劳动力参与率水平正相关,而固定资产投资、城市化水平的提高和失业率的上升却是引起劳动力参与率水平不断下降的主要因素。     

劳动契约视角下的经营者人力资本定价研究

经营者人力资本定价是目前理论研究的热点与难点问题。基于对经营者人力资本构成的多维性和调用的主动性两个关键特征的考察 ,从劳动契约的微观角度对经营者人力资本定价进行分析 ,并充分考虑劳资双方的特定状态 ,进一步探讨影响经营者人力资本价格的权变因素 ,认为经营者人力资本定价是一个复杂的系统过程 ,应该从可重新谈判的动态角度把握定价的精度     

劳动关系作为法律关系:兼论劳动法学研究的范式转换

劳动关系和劳动法律关系区分的理论更多是法外视角研究劳动关系问题的结果。法律调整社会关系或劳动关系并非是指存在先在的供法律调整的社会关系,而是指法律通过规范人的行为在当事人之间产生法律关系,该法律关系是社会关系的特殊形式;法律关系产生的过程不是寻找社会关系的过程,而是判断法律规范规定的构成要件是否具备的过程。法律调整劳动关系因此是指出现法律规范的构成要件时在当事人之间产生以一方提供依附性劳动、另一方支付报酬为主要义务的权利义务关系,也即法律意义上的劳动关系。从上述劳动关系的逻辑出发,则事实劳动关系概念需要正本清源,集体劳动关系非法律意义的劳动关系,劳动法律关系、社会劳动关系、个别劳动关系等概念无存在必要。劳动法学研究应实现从法外视角向法教义学研究并重的转换。我国劳动法的规则体系和理论体系应围绕劳动关系展开。     

Assessment and selection of management consultants: A comparative cognitive study between small- and large-scale companies

This paper explores alternative ways of evaluating and ultimately hiring a generalist consultancy for short- and medium-term projects, and how this is shaped by the size of the clients’ company. What buying factors do managers of small and large firms have in mind when hiring consultants for their projects?Instead of employing surveys incorporating predefined buying factors based on what the researchers think would be important, a cognitive mapping methodology - the repertory grid technique - is applied to investigate the underlying phenomena. Using the repertory grid technique to draw mental models is a novel research technique within the supply management field. Recent behavioral supply chain management research found the behavior of managers to be critically influenced by mental models: the lenses through which managers perceive, simplify and interpret the world.Results show differences between the buying factors used in small- and large-scale companies: managers of large companies are more ‘reputation and outcome-oriented’ and managers of small businesses are more concerned with ‘how the services are rendered’. However, both constituents stressed the importance of expertise, quality and the relationship between the client and the management consultancy, although the character of such a relationship differed between small- and large-scale firms. Results also point out criteria that managers of small and large companies employ to discriminate between good and poor performing consultancies and to judge service delivery. The practical implications for both companies hiring consultancies and the consultancy companies are discussed. For consultancies, our findings can help tailoring their efforts to a differing clientele when marketing and selling their services. For companies hiring consultancies, fixating too much on particular buying factors may lead to biased decisions.     

Covid-19 attacks the body of purchasing and supply management: A medical check of the immune system

Much like the immune system of the body, the ‘immune system’ of purchasing and supply management (PSM) is also affected by the Covid-19 virus. Medicine must hinder the spread of the virus and outbreak of disease, just as PSM must prevent risk events and handle supply disruptions. The existing debate on supply resilience and robustness can be demonstrated using this medical analogy. The purpose of this article was to perform a medical check of the ‘PSM immune system’ to identify lessons and research gaps when confronted with a low-frequency-high-impact event such as the pandemic. As a provocative note, this article identifies research gaps in elements of the immune system of PSM (e.g., helper cells – consultancy support or memory cells – feedback loops). The results call for a more holistic debate on the immune system of PSM. Two approaches for research on ‘conventional’ or ‘alternative’ risk management schools of thought are presented as a basis for future discourse on how to improve the PSM immune system.     

Distributional assumptions and a test of the dual labor market hypothesis

Recent application of the switching regression model to allocate workers into the primary and secondary labor markets is considered to be the best solution to the classification problem of the empirical testing of the dual labor market theory. In such models, normality of the error terms is assumed. This paper adopts the switching regression model to test the dual labor market theory by assuming different distributions of the error terms. The test results strongly support the dual labor market theory regardless of the assumption one makes about the error terms. However, the results indicate that different distribution can lead to different percentage distributions of workers in the two segments. In particular, the normal distribution generates more workers in the primary segment than the non-normal distributions. Therefore, care must be taken not to generalize the type of industries or occupations that fall under the primary and secondary segments. First version received: October 2000/Final version received: March 2002 RID="*" ID="*"  I would like to thank Kevin Lang, Robert Marshall, and two anonymous referees for their helpful comments. I am grateful for comments received from the session participants of the Western Economic Association International Conference, San Francisco, CA, June 28–July 2, 1996, and the Midwest Economic Association Conference, Kansas City, 1997. I thank George Bonney, the Chief Statistician of Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia for his comments. Any remaining errors are my responsibility. I gratefully acknowledge financial support from Penn State Research and Development Grant, 1995.