The Impact of Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) from Market Economies to Centrally Planned Countries

Despite the recent economic slump and subsequent reductions and fluctuations of investment ­activities undertaken by multinational enterprises (MNEs) in host markets, the overall volume of foreign direct investment (FDI) has significantly grown over the past three decades. The major proportion of the FDI flows from market economies to centrally planned countries, with the latter currently receiving huge amounts of inward FDI from the West. A representative example of this flow is China. China is often referred to as the factory of the world and/or the black hole of inward FDI. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

警惕通缩风险,完善宏观调控

当前我国经济已面临较大的通货紧缩风险,本文分析了我国通货紧缩风险的成因,并提出了完善宏观调控,应对通缩风险的政策建议。主要观点是:经济下行、高杠杆率、资产价格下跌、产能过剩、人民币汇率贬值预期、国际大宗商品价格中长期颓势等均是形成我国通缩风险的重要成因,应在处理好需求端管理和供给侧改革的关系的基础上,实施更加积极的财政政策和更加有效的货币政策,促进结构性改革尽快显出实效,并加强宏观调控政策的国际协调来妥善应对通缩风险。     

中国企业税负高低之谜:寻找合理的企业税负衡量标准

作者梳理了企业税负衡量标准的相关文献,运用微观经济学中的"死角损失"原理,观测中国近年来的广义宏观税费负担,发现其依然处于偏高的水平上。尤其对于贡献绝大部分税费的企业来说,整体税负过重的倾向并无根本改观,其中非公经济的税负更是连年超过国有企业。在对企业税负的衡量中,作者采用了世界银行的总税率指标进行国际比较,同时在对企业实际税费负担的计算中以上市及非上市公司为代表,测算了企业销售利润率与税利率之间的变动关系,进而阐述中国税制所存在的问题,据此提出针对性较强的政策建议。     

企业区位决策、劳动力流动与集聚经济——基于外部性的一个初步思考

中国劳动力的流动是中国经济社会转型过程的产物,对不断变化中的劳动力流动持续进行观察与研究,具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。经济集聚是货币外部性和技术外部性共同作用的结果。劳动力流动通过本地市场放大效应、循环累积效应影响货币外部性,并通过加快技术传播速度、提高经济个体匹配成功率影响技术外部性;以外部性为纽带,劳动力流动最终影响到了企业区位决策,从而实现经济活动的集聚。     

动态无效率产生的原因解析——对David Romer《高级宏观经济学》教科书观点的修正

美国经济学家David Romer通过一个特例说明有可能存在动态无效率的现象,而没有深究为什么会存在这种现象,这种做法在美国高级宏观经济学教科书中一脉相承。通过对拉姆齐模型和世代交叠模型的比较,本研究发现,动态无效率的现象源于世代交叠模型两期寿命的假定,导致实际利率的变化缺少了约束,会低于持平投资的增长率。本研究指出:动态无效率不是来源于资本动态学方程的特例,而是来源于模型的期限结构,内生于模型的结构。萨缪尔森世代交叠模型可以证明本研究的结论。     

商业银行理财产品创新对宏观审慎管理的影响分析

2005年以来,商业银行理财产品创新迅猛发展,在满足大众旺盛的投资需求的同时也为商业银行创造了新的利润增长点。与此同时,我们注意到,商业银行理财产品创新对宏观审慎管理的实施提出了新的要求。本文在对理财产品市场发展现状和特点进行总结的基础上,梳理出理财产品创新对宏观审慎管理影响的六个突出问题,最后提出下一步的政策建议。     

The Information Society: Implications for Economic Institutions and Market Theory

The extraordinary growth and reduction in inequalities achieved between the mid-1960s and mid-1990s by the High Performing Asian Economies (HPAEs) — namely Hong Kong, the Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan (collectively called "the four tigers"), Japan, China, Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand — has been discussed at great length in the economic literature. However, no clear explanation has been suggested for the poor performance of other Asian economies, like India, which share the HPAEs geographical proximity and similar economic structures. This paper shows that the stark contrast between the high growth rates and declining income inequalities of HPAEs on one side, and low growth rates and stable (or rising) income inequalities of India and other Asian countries on the other side, may at least in part be explained by the different role that human capital has played in those economies between the mid-1960s and mid-1990s.     

我国寿险公司范围经济效应的实证研究

我国自1996年实施产寿分业经营以来,人身保险业务快速增长,寿险公司数量急剧增加,寿险公司业务中新型寿险的比重不断上升,呈现出"一险独大"的市场状况。运用超越对数成本函数,对国内29家具有代表性的寿险公司2005-2010年期间的范围经济状况进行检验的结果显示:不同规模和背景的寿险公司的范围经济系数均比较明显,但是很多寿险公司所表现出来的范围经济性具有"欺骗性"。因此,寿险业务结构调整缺乏内部的市场激励,需要强有力的外部力量推动。     

Globalization and specialization

The popular Dixit–Stiglitz–Ethier framework proposes that globalization increases the menu of intermediate goods available to downstream firms and that gains from specialization raise welfare unambiguously. This study shows that both results depend critically on the assumption that demand elasticities are invariable. The more general framework presented here provides two main insights: First, whether specialization rises or falls depends ultimately on the shape of the cost function, and second, globalization can actually reduce welfare in the case when specialization falls.