Loosely Coupled Results Control in Dutch Municipalities

This paper analyses the implementation of the ‘dual system’ in Dutch municipalities which was part of a package of New Public Management‐reforms. This system was stimulated by Dutch central government and called for more accountability for performance of municipal managers and the board of mayor and aldermen, as well as for the use of more output and outcome information. Interviews of participants on four different hierarchical levels in 12 municipalities show that the practices of output management at different hierarchical levels are only loosely coupled to each other (‘vertical loose coupling’). We also found some degree of ‘horizontal loose coupling’ at each hierarchical level between result orientation, the development of output indicators and the use of output information for performance evaluation. The paper analyses the reasons why municipalities encounter difficulties in designing a comprehensive and coherent performance management system.     

Trade policy uncertainty,development strategy,and export behavior: Evidence from listed industrial companies in China

On the basis of new structural economics theory and heterogeneity of firm viability, this study analyzes the effect of trade policy uncertainty on firm export behavior using panel data of Chinese listed companies in the industrial sector. Empirical results show that the high uncertainty of trade policy significantly inhibits the extensive and intensive margins of firm export, while heterogeneity effect occurs across firms with different levels of viability. The development strategy that violates comparative advantage strengthens the negative impact of trade policy uncertainty on firm export. Despite their correlation with viability, the type of ownership, total factor productivity, and long-term loan are not suitable proxies for firm viability. Under high uncertainty of trade policy, export market diversification can alleviate the restraining effect of development strategy on firm export, whereas firms in regions with high industrial-oriented development tend to be vulnerable to cost shocks, thus reducing export market diversification. Findings present important implications for emerging market countries to enact better international trade and economic policies.     

基于两阶段DEA模型的上市公司债权融资效率研究——以战略性新兴产业新能源汽车为例

运用两阶段关联网络DEA模型,对我国新能源汽车产业上市公司的债权融资效率及各子阶段对应效率进行了测算。研究结果表明:新能源汽车产业上市公司债权融资效率水平偏低,而债权筹资效率相对低下是其主要原因;随着时间推移,大部分新能源汽车产业上市公司两阶段效率逐渐趋向双重高效。     

Risk Interpretation of the CAPM's Beta: Evidence from a New Research Method

This study tests the validity of using the CAPM beta as a risk control in cross‐sectional accounting and finance research. We recognize that high‐risk stocks should experience either very good or very bad returns more frequently compared to low‐risk stocks, that is, high‐risk stocks should cluster in the tails of the cross‐sectional return distribution. Building on this intuition, we test the risk interpretation of the CAPM's beta by examining if high‐beta stocks are more likely than low‐beta stocks to experience either very high or very low returns. Our empirical results indicate that beta is a strong predictor of large positive and large negative returns, which confirms that beta is a valid empirical risk measure and that researchers should use beta as a risk control in empirical tests. Further, we show that because the relation between beta and returns is U‐shaped, that is, high betas predict both very high and very low returns, linear cross‐sectional regression models, for example, Fama–MacBeth regressions, will fail on average to reject the null hypothesis that beta does not capture risk. This result explains why previous studies find no significant cross‐sectional relation between beta and returns.     

天津滨海新区产业发展困境与转型升级路径

在国际区域一体化、世界产业重构加快发展的境况下,产业转型升级成为顺应新一轮产业变革的趋势.在一体化发展的强劲推动下,京津冀区域协同发展战略上升为国家发展战略,这为滨海新区产业转型升级迎来了新的发展契机,但如何抓住这一发展契机,则必须对现有的发展困境进行系统的梳理,有针对性地采取应对之策.基于以上考虑,本文在对现有产业转型升级文献梳理的基础上,着力探讨了滨海新区在产业转型中所面临的困境,并从多个层面提出了滨海新区产业转型升级的实施路径及对策建议.     

政策演进中的农民工“退保”逆潮——基于新制度经济学的分析

"民工潮"现象是改革开放以来中国社会的独特景观。伴随着大量农民工涌入城市,为之建立相应养老保险制度的呼声日益高涨并引起了政策层面的持续关注。然而,在配套制度不断细化完善的同时,却出现与政策推进相悖的农民工"退保"逆潮,甚至出现参保率不及退保率的怪相。以新制度经济学的制度变迁理论和公共选择理论为切入点进行分析,发现制度缺失与利益博弈是农民工群体大规模退保的主要原因。结合现有实际,认为应从法制健全、政策统筹、宣传普及等多方着力,全面构筑农民工养老保障的"安全网"。     

Relating in business networks: Innovation in practice

Few studies have looked at the innovation process in the early stages of new business ventures in the context of business networks. Reporting on eight years of development of a new venture, we examine how the development of initial business relationships in an ever-changing business network affects technological innovation. We conclude that technological innovation is contingent on the development of business relationships that are a critical mechanism permitting a new venture not only to access but also to produce knowledge essential for innovating. For management this implies the need to strike a judicious balance between internal focus and closure to produce novel solutions and external focus and openness to experiment in business relationships.     

公共产品歧视性分配政策与城市人口控制

本文在一个二元经济框架内,通过一个改进的“亨利.乔治”模型,研究了转轨过程中的经济发展导向政府的城市人口控制问题。证明非歧视分配政策和任由城乡人口自由流动的政策组合并非一个有效率的户籍制度安排。不同主体之间在关于城市人口规模的控制上存在着利益差别,歧视性分配政策有助于缩小不同主体之间的利益差别。实行非歧视的公共产品分配政策同时对城市人口规模按照生产效率加以控制是现有体制下一个有效率的户籍制度安排。     

试析新审计准则体系的审计模式

风险导向审计模式经历了多年发展,其理论基础、技术方法日益完善。我国新颁布的审计准则体系就建立在风险导向审计模式之上,这有助于我国审计业的发展,拉近我国注册会计师行业标准与国际审计准则的距离。     

滨海新区规模以上工业企业科技活动水平分析

天津滨海新区被纳入国家重点战略发展区域,工业在其发展中具有举足轻重的地位。规模以上工业企业是新区乃至天津市经济和科技发展的重要力量。对新区规模以上工业企业科技投入进行了认真分析,提出了有针对性的政策建议。