广州亚运会对广州休闲经济的影响

广州亚运会后,广州休闲经济发展迅速,经济效益明显。广州亚运会在城市定位与发展规划,基础设施建设、环境改善、服务水平提高、整体应急系统建设等方面,给广州休闲经济的发展奠定了基础,使广州休闲经济在商业零售、文化产业、旅游业以及绿道休闲经济等方面获得丰硕的成果。     

国内外奥运旅游研究进展综述

自公元前776年举办第一届古代奥运会以来,旅游与奥运会便形影相随.随着现代人类休闲时间的增多与经济承受力的增强,作为大型事件的奥运会吸引了越来越多的旅游者观光游览,同时也受到旅游学术界越来越多的关注.本文以奥运旅游的起源、奥运旅游的定义与特点出发,从奥运旅游研究历史、吸引物研究、市场特征研究、经济社会影响研究等多方面对国内外奥运旅游研究进行了总结.     

Evaluating the London 2012 Games’ impact on sport participation in a non-hosting region: a practical application of realist evaluation

In the literature on Olympic legacies and impacts, there is a dearth of materials that specifically address the issue of Olympic impact for non-hosting regions. The literature tends to deal with impacts at a national level, or at a hosting-city region level, neglecting in large part the degree to which benefits can be leveraged by non-hosting regions. A further limitation identified in the literature is a failure to engage in detailed formal evaluation of policy implementation where assertions of potential policy impact are based on untested assumptions. This study is intended to address both of these concerns. It presents an empirical, ‘bottom-up’ application of a Realist Evaluation framework to assess the impact of a policy initiative – Workplace Challenge – aimed at leveraging enhanced sports participation in a non-hosting region – Leicestershire – in the period leading up to the 2012 Games. In doing so, it seeks to identify which causal mechanisms worked within this particular context to produce the observed outcomes. The evaluation results demonstrate that the programme represented a positive approach to fostering regular engagement with sport and physical activities for some groups in some types of organisations, and that awareness and motivational factors associated with the London 2012 Games are, in this case, linked (albeit weakly) to an increase in sport and physical activity participation for specific groups taking part in the programme in particular organisational contexts.     

A framework for monitoring during the planning stage for a sports mega-event

This paper proposes a monitoring framework to be used during the planning stage for a sports mega-event. The research identifies a lack of monitoring and evaluation studies during the development stage for sports mega-events. Importantly, it notes the absence of research which evaluates an event systematically from the outset of the process and from the perspectives of host residents and event planners. The framework was developed on the basis of the philosophical approach of pragmatism; it focused on a sustainable development perspective, and it was applied to a case study of the Kaohsiung 2009 World Games. A survey of the views of 606 host residents about the potential impacts of the event revealed that the respondents tended to show higher levels of agreement on the host benefits. The results of 38 interviews with various stakeholders indicated big gaps in both the city's long-term development aspirations and the Games themselves and also in the event strategies adopted. Using this information, key sustainability issues can be identified and monitored during the event planning stage so that the desirable outcomes of events can be enhanced and then sustained in the longer term.     

Leisure and antileisure in game play

Abstract

Leisure is often described as being intrinsically motivated and offering the element of choice. Although games are normally considered recreational or leisure activities, there are certain circumstances in which they take on qualities that are not only nonleisurelike (i.e., lacking in intrinsic motivation and choice) but are actually destructive to the leisure experience. It is suggested that certain aspects of game‐playing situations can destroy the leisurelike qualities of participation and result in abandonment of the activity. These aspects, which include social pressures to participate and conflicts that develop in the social and psychological environment of play, appear to erode intrinsic motivation and perceived freedom of choice.     

‘I just hope people can forgive me’: Australian women athletes,apologies and image restoration at the Rio Olympic Games

Prior to the 2016 Olympic Games, Australia’s Chef de Mission Kitty Chiller predicted that the Australian team could win as many as 16 Olympic gold medals. Australia’s Olympic team won a total of eight gold medals and the sports media reacted by suggesting the team had ‘failed’. At the 2016 Olympic Games, three high-profile Australian female athletes apologised to the Australian public for their performances. This study examines these three interconnecting cases and how such behaviour is linked to research that examines sports media and gender (including female agency), ‘image restoration’ and third-wave feminism. Additionally, this work identifies how the culture of third-wave feminism is conceptually troubled by the notion of the ‘female apologetic’ and calls for a re-examination and modification of such a notion.     

2008年北京奥运会品牌文化营销的理念研究

现代奥运会已不仅仅是一项体育赛事,奥林匹克运动的影响力远远超出了竞技体育本身,奥运会已经成为一种具有巨大社会价值和经济价值的品牌。2008年奥运会将在北京举行,这将为我国奥运会品牌文化营销提供品牌传播舞台。     

北京奥运与我国旅游

奥运会是全球规模和影响最大的体育赛事;旅游是全球发展最快的新兴产业之一。我们应当以举办2008年奥运会为契机,大力发展旅游业。     

China＇s Inbound Tourist Revenue and Beijing Olympic Games 2008

During the process of economic globalization, China＇s inbound tourism has developed strongly. The present paper deals with one of the core issues of the international tourism industry： inbound tourist revenue. With the aid of conventional theories and the use of empirical tests, our study identifies some decisive factors that have influenced China＇s inbound tourist revenue through an analysis of the global and local conditions at macro and micro levels. The findings were then linked to the Olympic Games, the mega event having impacted international tourism. The findings were also linked to further.discussions and suggestions for the interactions between the Beijing Olympic Games 2008 and China＇s inbound tourism.