基于实验经济学的南水北调水市场机制的实验设计

南水北调工程将按照政府宏观调控下的准市场机制进行水资源优化配置,但其运行模式及运行中可能出现的问题需要我们及早研究。在借鉴美国加州北水南调工程智能市场实验研究的基础上,结合国情,开展以中线为例的水市场实验研究,并着重探讨相关的实验设计问题,为后续的实验研究奠定基础。     

An analysis of highway work zone safety practices in Pakistan

Highway Work Zones (HWZs) present a major hazard for road users, construction workers and equipment, and significantly contribute to occurrence of road crashes worldwide. The present study focuses on analysing the current state of safety measures at HWZs in Pakistan. A more direct approach is adopted by comparing safety measures at randomly selected HWZs in Pakistan with well-established safety procedures in Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD). HWZ safety measures such as traffic signs, markings, safety measures for pedestrians, workers and construction machinery, police enforcement, speed control measures, provision of advance warning area, buffer spaces, transition areas, and tapers for eight different HWZs were studied and compared with MUTCD standards. The results revealed that majority of the HWZs in Pakistan do not conform to any standard layout especially for safety and speed control measures. An enhanced need for special efforts towards improving safety at HWZs in Pakistan is highlighted.     

Tax Evasion and Equity Theory: An Investigative Approach

Traditional economic theory assumes rational individuals with stable preferences who, given an array of options and probabilities, maximize their expected utility. However, experimental research finds that individuals make systematic mistakes when attempting to maximize their expected utility. The economic psychology approach includes aspects of the traditional economic approach and the psychological approach that emphasizes values, attitudes, norms, conformity and morals.This paper investigates equity theory and tax evasion using the framework of prospect theory pioneered by Tversky and Kahneman. We design an investigation to identify if individual behavior follows the usual results of prospect theory, given a scenario that frames a perception of inequity. The investigation frames a scenario to invoke a controlled tax regime. The frame varies according to which inequity is being measured, exchange or social. Once the scenario is established, a questionnaire is designed to determine how the individual responds when filing taxes. The responses to the control questions are consistent with prospect theory. However, in general the responses to the framed questions, depicting inequity, are more consistent with expected utility theory.     

Endogenous Entry and Exit in Common Value Auctions

We develop and experimentally test a model of endogenous entry, exit, and bidding in common value auctions. The model and experimental design include an alternative profitable activity (a safe haven) that provides agentspecific opportunity costs of bidding in the auction. Each agent chooses whether to accept the safe haven income or forgo it in order to bid in the auction. Agents that enter the auction receive independently-drawn private signals that provide unbiased estimates of the common value. The auctioned item is allocated to the high bidder at a price that is equal to the high bid. Thus the market is a first-price sealed-bid common value auction with endogenous determination of market size.     

1Cr18Ni9焊接敏化区的耗散结构

介绍了非平衡热力学、自组织现象、耗散结构及其在材料科学中的应用概述了1Cr18Ni9原始组织结构的非平衡态特征．并对焊接敏化区的成分、组织结构的变化及发生自组织行为的条件进行了分析给出了1Cr18Ni9焊接敏化区耗散结构的特征：碳由晶内无序固溶到有序的晶界偏聚及Cr23C6析出、铬的无序固溶到有序的晶间贫铬。     

集合纺纱技术研究

对细纱机增加集合区、通过集合器的集合作用减小加捻三角区,从而对控制纱线毛羽的集合纺纱技术进行了初步的理论分析和实验探讨。通过对主牵伸区中加装集合器、主牵伸区中不装集合器以及增加集合区的不同集合器出口的集合纺纱纱样毛羽、条干、强力的对比分析,证明了集合纺纱装置对毛羽控制的良好效果和对纱条条干的一定程度的恶化,并对其机理进行了分析。     

Destination zone fallacies and half-truths

The author discusses key issues surrounding the concept of the destination zone, and seeks to identify fallacies and half-truths about the concept which are still current. Material is drawn from recent destination zone analysis methodology work for the Canadian Government Office of Tourism.     

调动实验人员工作积极性的探索

我院对实验技术人员的工作量评估及奖金分配,本着多劳多得、按劳取酬的原则确定实验难度系数,进行了实际而有效的探索.该方案的执行有利于调动实验技术人员的积极性,有利于教学质量的提高.     

索赔管理中索赔事件与费用的关系分析

对于合同履行中发生的每一索赔事件，关于索赔费用的争议是目前在承包方和建设方之间经常发生的。本针对经常遇到的索赔事件，就其与索赔费用之间的关系，以索赔原因为中间桥梁将二的关系进行合成，为承包商拟订一份详实、合理的索赔报告作前期准备，从而为索赔工作顺利开展奠定基础。     

背压对超塑自由胀形影响的实验研究

本文实验研究了背压 P_b 对超塑性自由胀形宏观力学行为的影响。实验结果表明,背压 P_b 的施入,提高了胀形的成形速度而缩短了成形时间,胀形极限有所提高,厚度变薄趋于均匀,胀形件的几何形状趋于球面。