中国台胞大陆旅游目的地选择行为研究

本文利用1995～2003年中国旅游统计年鉴资料，采用亲景度分析法，分析了台胞对大陆60个旅游城市选择的空间偏好的变化，等结果为台胞大陆旅游市场预测及营销提供新的依据。     

小农户参与农业全产业链的选择偏好及其异质性来源——基于选择实验法的分析

小农户参与农业全产业链是"实现小农户和现代农业发展有机衔接"的有效途径。本文基于山东省339户小农户的入户调查数据,采用选择实验法,建立混合Logit模型分析了小农户参与农业全产业链的选择偏好和偏好异质性来源。研究结果表明:相对于与龙头企业合作,小农户更愿意通过加入农民专业合作社参与农业全产业链,而且稳定紧密的利益联结机制、提供生产技术和市场信息服务及补贴政策会显著提高小农户的参与效用。研究也表明:小农户参与农业全产业链的选择偏好存在异质性,异质性偏好主要来源于小农户的兼业程度、家庭年纯收入和收入在村中所处水平三个因素。小农户兼业程度越低、年纯收入越低、收入在村中所处水平越低,越偏好参与农业全产业链经营。     

A study of experience expectations of museum visitors

Visitor studies including studies of experience and expectations of visitors are important for museums in terms of management and development, however few studies have been designed to explore the components of experience expectations for museum visitors. This research tried to analyze the experience expectations of museum visitors. Using content analysis of diaries written by museum visitors, a questionnaire of experience expectations of museum visitors was developed. After a survey with 425 valid returns, factor analysis was used to extract 5 types of experience expectations, which included: easiness and fun, cultural entertainment, personal identification, historical reminiscences, and escapism. Moreover, this research analyzed visitors’ preferences for visiting museums and their demographic factors among different types of experience expectations. Finally, some related discussion and suggestions were proposed.     

Stochastically independent randomization and uncertainty aversion

Summary.   This paper proposes a preference-based condition for stochastic independence of a randomizing device in a product state space. This condition is applied to investigate some classes of preferences that allow for both independent randomization and uncertainty or ambiguity aversion (a la Ellsberg). For example, when imposed on Choquet Expected Utility (CEU) preferences in a Savage framework displaying uncertainty aversion in the spirit of Schmeidler [27], it results in a collapse to Expected Utility (EU). This shows that CEU preferences that are uncertainty averse in the sense of Schmeidler should not be used in settings where independent randomization is to be allowed. In contrast, Maxmin EU with multiple priors preferences continue to allow for a very wide variety of uncertainty averse preferences when stochastic independence is imposed. Additionally, these points are used to reexamine some recent arguments against preference for randomization with uncertainty averse preferences. In particular, these arguments are shown to rely on preferences that do not treat randomization as a stochastically independent event. Received: February 10, 2000; revised version: March 30, 2000     

企业所得税优惠政策研究

本文从免税收入、免征减征企业所得税和降低税率三个方面,对国债利息收入、权益性投资收益、非营利组织收入、农林牧渔业项目所得、国家重点扶持的公共基础设施项目投资经营所得、环境保护节能节水项目所得、技术转让所得以及小型微利企业、高新技术企业的企业所得税优惠政策进行了分析,提出了若干实施和完善企业所得税优惠政策的建议。     

认清中小企业战略地位完善税收优惠政策

目前,中小企业在我国国民经济中的地位日益突出,然而与之极不适应的是,我国给予中小企业的税收优惠很少。从国际上看,西方国家运用税收优惠政策成功地支持和促进了中小企业的发展。我国应借鉴其经验,逐步完善对中小企业的税收优惠政策,加大税收支持中小企业的发展力度,以良好的税收环境促进中小企业的发展。     

Future of the hills of Scotland: Stakeholders’ preferences for policy priorities

This paper sets out to assess stakeholders’ preferences for policy priorities for the management of the hill areas of Scotland, using an adaptive conjoint analysis (ACA) method. The method is used to evaluate trade-offs that stakeholders make between policy priorities. A pre-survey was carried out to obtain a large number of defining characteristics of a Scottish hill land system, which were subsequently narrowed down to 20 attributes. A survey was implemented, where a range of stakeholders, who had an interest in the hill and upland areas of Scotland, were asked to select and rank five attributes (out of the 20) that, for them, best described a hill system. They were also asked to describe what constituted both good and poor levels for each of their 5 chosen attributes. A computerised ACA questionnaire was designed, using attributes and levels defined from the previous surveys. Respondents were asked what the policy targets for management choices and options should be in the next 10 years for the Scottish hill areas. Policy simulations were subsequently carried out using the ACA software, to compare stakeholders’ actual preferences with seven different policy profiles, designed to reflect current land use issues and orientations for the Scottish hills.     

外资政策、国民利益与经济发展

本文通过建立经济模型对吸引外商直接投资政策的经济效应进行了分析。研究表明 :无论是限制外商直接投资还是对外商直接投资采取过多的优惠政策均不能使短期内国民利益达到最大 ;但从动态考虑 ,外资优惠政策能否提高国内居民的福利水平取决于外资企业对内资企业技术水平的影响。     

偏好、技术与工业化

Krugman(1 991b)的两地区模型解释了报酬递增的制造业企业为实现规模经济和降低运输成本而定位于需求较大的市场区域。本文通过引入部门间人口流动成本和地区间技术差异 ,认为新兴制造业可以在外围地区形成 ,并缩小地区间差异。     

个体特征对人才流动风险偏好的影响研究

在研究影响组织人才流动因素的基础上,运用预期效用理论分析人才流动过程中存在的风险,认为个体风险偏好的存在影响人才的流动决策。通过对杭州高新产业集群企业人才流动情况的实证分析,指出了影响人才流动风险偏好的因素,并提出了企业留住人才的对策。