Government as a discriminating monopolist in the financial market: the case of China

We show that the many unusual features of China’s financial markets are consistent with a government choosing regulations to maximize a standard type of social welfare function. Under certain conditions, these regulations are equivalent to imposing explicit taxes on business and interest income, yet should be much easier to enforce. The observed implicit tax rates are broadly in line with those observed in other countries. The theory also forecasts, however, that China will face increasing incentives over time to shift to explicit taxes.     

价格歧视战略与福利效应分析

在完全竞争市场条件下 ,竞争均衡可实现帕累托最优效率。垄断市场一般很难提供价格等于边际成本的产量水平 ,其产量与价格选择对社会来说不是最优的。垄断厂商以内生范畴和外生范畴为基础对消费者进行分类 ,使得价格歧视成为一种可行战略。由于定价策略存在差异 ,不同类型的价格歧视便具有不同的福利效应。     

价格涨跌幅限制起到了助涨助跌作用吗?

价格涨跌幅限制是否具有助涨助跌作用对于判断涨跌幅限制的实施效果具有重要的意义。既有的研究表明 ,股价在发生涨跌停时存在一定的过度反应。然而 ,本研究发现 ,在股价发生涨跌停时 ,虽然涨跌幅限制不能完全消除过度反应 ,但是可以显著地减小而不是增大过度反应的程度。本研究还发现 ,价格涨跌停本身并不是导致过度反应的原因 ,因为股价不仅在涨跌停时存在过度反应 ,而且在大幅度变化但未达到涨跌停时也存在过度反应。本文据此认为 ,没有证据表明价格涨跌幅限制具有助涨助跌作用。     

Do the Forward Sales of Real Estate Stabilize Spot Prices?

We examine the effect of forward sale (pre-sale) activities on the volatility of spot prices in the real estate market. The abundance of pre-sales data and major changes in regulatory control on the pre-sale market during the 90's in Hong Kong allow us to undertake empirical tests using Hong Kong's real estate data. Our results show that the volatility of spot prices increased significantly after forward sales were severely dampened by regulatory control measures introduced in 1994, but decreased again when the measures were partly relaxed in 1998. The results contribute to the long lasting debate on whether the introduction of a futures market reduces the volatility of spot prices. Previous studies were mainly conducted in markets with low transaction costs, notably financial markets. By utilizing the unique regulatory changes in the pre-sale market of Hong Kong, we are able to conduct an experiment on the conditional volatility of spot prices in a high information-cost environment, thereby shedding light on the important role of forward housing contracts in providing price expectation information for spot trading.     

Informed and uninformed trading on the Australian dollar

Using a high-frequency data set of the spot Australian/US dollar, this study examines the distribution of quotes, spreads, and returns across the trading day. By identifying the direction of trade and the subsequent quote returns from contributing banks, the segmented nature of the market into market-makers and informed and uninformed traders is investigated. The results suggest that the economic gain possible from private information is maximised over 2 to 5 quotes and is rapidly eroded by 20 quotes (about 2 min later during busy trading times) as other new information enters the market. Also, the analysis is revealing of discontinuities in trading and the volatility of pricing across the trading day.     

金融投机、实需与国际大宗商品价格——信息摩擦视角下的大宗商品价格影响机制研究

本文实证考察了2005-2015年金融投机和实需对国际大宗商品现货价格的影响及其作用机理。首先对具有信息噪音属性的金融投机进行了明确识别。其次,从多个维度出发区分市场信息摩擦状态,定量分析不同信息摩擦环境中金融投机和实需的影响差异。研究发现:大宗商品价格在长期中由实需因素主导,短期中由金融投机主导;短期中,相对于低信息摩擦环境,在市场波动性较高、金融压力上升以及投资者情绪高涨的高信息摩擦环境中,以金融投机为主的信息噪音对大宗商品价格的影响更强。进一步分析证实,相比于低信息摩擦环境,高信息摩擦环境中金融交易者的市场份额反而降低。据此,本文提出稳定大宗商品市场的关键在于提高市场透明度,减少信息摩擦,从市场质量出发降低信息噪音的影响。     

资产价格与货币、财税政策——文献综述与评价

本文在对研究资产价格与货币、财税政策关系的国内外相关理论进行了较为细致的梳理和总结后发现,国内外学者对于资产价格与货币政策的研究广泛而深入,而其研究结论又是如此模棱两可,资产价格与货币政策的关系处于不确定状态。而从税制发展史上看,房地产税收问题更一直是财政学研究的一个重点问题。关于资本市场的税制研究,国内外学者似乎着墨不多。     

封闭式证券投资基金的定价探讨与应用

封闭式证券投资基金由于在存续期内不能赎回,因此造成市场价格的确定和开放式基金有很大不同,其市场交易价格往往是围绕基金净值溢价或折价交易的。本文通过分析封闭式基金的定价特点,推导出内在价值确定的基本理论方法,并选择基金景宏作为定价对象对其现阶段的内在价值进行测算。     

我国资产价格与通货膨胀的关系研究——基于ARDL的技术分析

随着资产市场投资品种日益丰富,居民参与资产投资的程度不断深入,资产通过财富效应和投资效应对经济的影响越来越大,资产价格对一般物价水平的影响不断增强,因此资产价格波动是否会影响通货膨胀率就成为当前理论和实务界关注的焦点。为了检验我国资产价格与通货膨胀的关系,本文选择股票、汇率、房地产价格以及其他影响通货膨胀的因素,运用ARDL模型对我国资产价格和通货膨胀的关系进行经验分析。经验分析结果表明:资产价格波动影响通货膨胀,但各因素对通货膨胀的影响差异较大,即房地产价格和汇率两个指标作用显著,股票作用较弱。     

关系型融资对货币政策传导的影响效应探析

中国文化在一定程度上是一种关系本位的文化。渗透于我国社会生活的所谓关系网,对我国的经济活动有深刻的影响。本文选择了关系型融资对货币政策传导的影响这一视角,通过构建关系型融资对货币政策传导的影响的模型,考察了银行收益与融资量和概率间的关系,同时考察了企业融资需求与价格间的关系。通过研究发现央行单一紧缩货币总量、管制利率政策都难以有效控制商业银行的关系型贷款量,而关系型融资情况下信息不对称和预算软约束的存在更使央行的货币政策难于有效传导,央行的总量性货币政策难于奏效。为此,本文探讨了提高央行货币政策有效性的对策,以期达到货币政策对关系型融资的有效传导。