Joint outputs and real wage rates

The magnification effect in standard international trade theory asserts that if the relative price of the labor-intensive commodity increases, the real wage will also increase, as will the wage/rental ratio. This result depends upon the assumption that both activities are nonjoint—each combining labor and capital to produce a single output, so that if activities are joint instead, the results are in jeopardy. It is shown that if the difference between the share of commodity one produced in the first activity and in the second activity exceeds the difference between the labor distributive shares in the first activity and the second, an increase in commodity 1's relative price raises the wage/rental ratio. The real wage unambiguously rises in this case if and only if the ratio of the commodity output shares in the two activities exceeds the ratio of labor shares.     

房地产泡沫问题研究

自1998年开始，我国住房制度改革逐步深入，特别是随着福利化分房的结束，住房商品化的开始，房地产业进入了持续快速发展的新时期。山东省房地产产业发展迅速，成为影响GDP增长的重要因素。但与此同时，房地产价格也连续快速攀升。本论文以济南市为例，在收集整理大量有关房地产泡沫资料的基础上，得出了自己对于济南房地产市场的判断：总体发展健康，但同时需要进一步加强防范措施避免泡沫的形成。     

以科学发展观看城市规划和房地产

该文强调公共政策应着眼于大多数人,注重社会公平,提出对城市住房的公平性,需要有相应的指标体系来客观反映并加以考核,并切实发挥城市规划对房地产开发的调控职能.     

试论实物期权及其在会计实证研究中的运用

实物期权是以实物资产为标的物的未来选择权。实物期权的思想目前已被西方的学者广泛地用于会计的 实证研究当中,然而国内却鲜有学者涉足这一领域。因此本文试就此做出简要的介绍,以期起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

基于信息熵的三种灰色关联度在房地产住宅消费决策中的优化与比较

介绍了房地产住宅消费决策优化与比较问题的理念,阐述了灰色关联决策的基本原理和三种灰色关联度的决策方法,基于信息熵的基本原理确定了各个目标因素的权系数,建立了相应的决策模型,针对示例方案进行了分析,并作了系统的总结。     

我国房地产市场垄断程度研究--勒纳指数的测算

房地产市场的一个重要性质就是竞争的不完全性和垄断力量的存在.勒纳指数是衡量市场垄断程度的一个重要的指标.本文分别针对我国和各省(市、区)的面板数据、各年截面数据以及我国和各省(市、区)的时间序列数据等样本,对房地产市场的勒纳指数(即市场的垄断程度)进行了测算.结果表明,我国房地产市场的垄断程度相当严重;虽然随着市场经济进程的深入和经济的发展,房地产市场的竞争状况逐渐好转,但这一过程非常缓慢;为了确保房地产市场的长期健康发展和居民福利的提高,今后政府应将促进房地产市场竞争作一项基本的方针政策.     

论房地产信贷发展现状、风险及防范

房地产业是国民经济的重要组成部分,为扩大内需,房地产业的潜力将得到充分挖掘,如何确保我国房地产业的持续、稳定、高速增长成为经济理论和实践工作者的一个重要议题.     

住宅价格与经济基本面的实证研究——以上海市为例

近几年来,我国房地产市场发展迅速,个别区域性房地产市场出现了价格过高的现象.对此,国家采取了一系列宏观调控措施.对于房地产价格的合理与否,目前仍然存在着争议.影响住宅实际价格的因素主要是土地价格和住宅价格的历史信息.而可支配收入对价格的影响并不显著,因此应加强对不合理的房地产投机需求的调控.     

Choosing sides in the trilemma: international financial cycles and structural change in developing economies

ABSTRACT

This paper analyzes the impact of international financial cycles on structural change in developing economies. It is argued that the impact of these cycles depends on the specific combination of macroeconomic and industrial policies adopted by the developing economy. The cases of Brazil and Argentina are contrasted with those of Korea and China. In the Asian economies, macroeconomic policy has been a complementary tool along with industrial policy to foster the diversification of production and capabilities. Inversely, in the case of the Latin American countries, long periods of real exchange rate (RER) appreciation, combined with the weaknesses (or absence) of industrial policies, contributed to the loss of capabilities and lagging behind.     

Economic Risk Factors and Commercial Real Estate Returns

A great deal of research has focused on the links between stock and bond market returns and macroeconomic events such as fluctuations in interest rates, inflation rates, and industrial production. Although the comovements of real estate and other asset prices suggests that these same systematic risk factors are likely to be priced in real estate markets, no study has formally addressed this issue. This study identifies the growth rate in real per capita consumption, the real T-bill rate, the term structure of interest rates, and unexpected inflation as fundamental drivers or state variables that systematically affect real estate returns. The finding of a consistently significant risk premium on consumption has important ramifications for the vast literature that has examined the (risk-adjusted) performance of real estate, for it suggests that prior findings of significant abnormal returns (either positive or negative) that have ignored consumption are potentially biased by an omitted variables problem. The results also have important implications for dynamic asset allocation strategies that involve the predictability of real estate returns using economic data.