我国省域视角下经济增长方式的实证分析与对策——基于 1990-2012 年数据

经济发展方式转变是我国现阶段经济发展的必然选择,也是经济增长与自然、社会、人的全面发展相协调的客观要求。我国28个省（市、自治区）1990---2012年数据显示：我国经济增长呈粗放型发展;投资拉动和工业化是经济发展主要依靠,第三产业带动作用不强,人力资本的外溢效应不明显,技术具有正向作用,但科技资本存量的产出弹性较小．,外资和出口具有拉动作用;东部经济增长受出口拉动最为显著但受外资企业出口影响而削弱,合适的政府规模才有利于经济发展和增长。因此,未来我国应在人力资本、新型工业化、转变政府职能、均衡发挥内外生因素等方面转变和加强。     

AN APPLICATION OF AN INTEGRATED TRANSPORT NETWORK – MULTIREGIONAL CGE MODEL TO THE CALIBRATION OF SYNERGY EFFECTS OF HIGHWAY INVESTMENTS

A transportation network-multiregional CGE model is applied to estimate the synergy effects of a set of highway projects on value added by region and industrial sector. This synergy effect is defined as a difference between the summation of the net GDP increase from the development of each highway sub-link without spatial linkage and the change in GDP resulting from the concurrent development of all links with spatial linkages. Among nine east–west highways in Korea, the East–West 9 highway increases the GDP by 0.3% over the 30-year time period horizon, with 0.016% of the GDP due to the synergy effect. The East–West 9 highway has the largest synergy effect of US$0.164 billion per year on the manufacturing sector of Kwangju Metropolitan Area, resulting in a gain in a regional GRP per capita of US$15.88 per year. Since most synergy effects are generated in less developed regions, highway development can contribute to the reduction in regional disparities.     

Trust or bust: Growth effects of knowledge,human and social capital revisited

Social capital consists of trust, collective values, and shared norms. It helps society to work efficiently and, hence, promotes knowledge accumulation and growth. This paper identifies the contribution of social capital to differences in total factor productivity among European subnational regions, but, unlike other studies, it focuses on the effects of interregional differences in social capital. To do so, the paper employs a spatial Durbin model of a social-capital extended Cobb-Douglas production function. Our results suggest that transfers of knowledge might be secondary to the presence of collectivism and human capital in knowledge-generating regions. Although knowledge can cross boundaries, an absence of skills and trust limits local growth capacity. Our estimations also suggest the presence of gravity effects emanating from social and human capital in which some regions lose against others nearby that have more abundant social and human capital.     

Cross-national Neighbouring Effects on European Regional Specialization

Abstract

In undertaking an analysis of neighbouring effects on European regional patterns of specialization, this paper makes two main contributions to the literature. First, we use a spatial weight matrix that takes into consideration membership of an EU cross-border regional association. We then compare our results with those obtained using a contiguity matrix and constitute an upper bound for our parameter of interest. In a further stage, we divide the CBR associations on the basis of their long-standing and the intensity of their cooperation to determine whether the association type has a significant impact. Second, we examine the sensitivity of our results to the use of alternative relative specialization indices.

Effets de voisinage transfrontière sur la spécialisation régionale en Europe

Résumé En entreprenant une analyse des effets de voisinage sur les configurations de spécialisation régionales européennes, la présente communication contribue de deux façons principales à la littérature. En premier lieu, nous utilisons une matrice de pondération spatiale, qui tient compte l'appartenance à une association régionale transfrontière de l'UE. Nous comparons ensuite nos résultats avec les résultats obtenus à l'aide d'une matrice de contiguité, et nous nous en servons pour constituer une limite supérieure pour le paramètre qui nous intéresse. A un niveau supérieur, nous répartissons les associations CBR en fonction de leur durée et de l'intensité de leur coopération, afin d’établir la mesure dans laquelle le type d'association présente un impact significatif. Deuxièmement, nous examinons la sensibilité de nos résultats pour l'emploi d'indices de spécialisation relatifs en alternative.

Efectos de la colindancia entre naciones sobre la especialización regional europea

Resumen Analizando los efectos de la colindancia sobre los patrones de especialización regionales europeos, este trabajo realiza dos aportes importantes a la bibliografía especializada. En el primero de ellos, utilizamos una matriz de ponderación espacial que tiene en cuenta la pertenencia de una asociación regional transfronteriza comunitaria. Posteriormente, comparamos nuestros resultados con los obtenidos con una matriz de contigüidad y constituimos un límite superior para nuestro parámetro de interés. En una fase posterior, dividimos las asociaciones regionales transfronterizas con base en su perduración y su grado de cooperación para determinar si la asociación tiene un efecto significativo. En el segundo, analizamos la sensibilidad de nuestros resultados en lo que respecta al uso de índices relativos de especialización alternativos.      

创新型企业柔性:区域差异与空间效应

根据创新型企业特点构建创新型企业柔性评价指标体系,基于突变级数法对2009-2015年我国内地30个省（自治区、直辖市）创新型企业柔性进行评价,并在此基础上探索区域创新型企业柔性的空间效应。实证结果显示：一方面,我国创新型企业柔性整体水平较高,但区域分布呈现“东高西低”的状况;另一方面,区域创新型企业柔性存在显著的空间效应,且空间相关性和空间异质性并存。最后,根据不同地区表现出来的空间效应,从政府和企业两个方面提出对策建议。     

集群中核心企业网络权力对配套企业合作行为的影响

网络权力是企业网络中的热点问题之一。探讨了在中国集群情境下,核心企业网络权力对与之合作的配套企业合作行为的影响,同时引入关系资本,探究其调节效应。运用理论与实证研究方法,基于对238份企业调查数据的分析,研究得出：核心企业知识权力、地位权力及感召权力均与配套企业合作行为正相关;此外,关系资本正向调节核心企业网络权力与配套企业合作行为之间的关系。     

区域创新能力与战略性新兴产业高端化关系研究

战略性新兴产业发展一直是政府、实务界和学术界关注的重要问题。运用DEA的Malmquist指数方法对2006-2015年我国战略性新兴产业128家上市公司的全要素生产率变化及其分解指数进行了测量,并运用多元回归模型检验了区域创新能力提升以及政策实施对战略性新兴产业全要素生产率变化率及其分解指数的影响。结果发现：战略性新兴产业全要素生产率变化率和技术进步率大幅上升,说明我国战略性新兴产业正逐步走向重技术创新的高端化发展;区域创新能力提升有助于战略性新兴产业向高端化方向发展,特别是2009年相关政策的实施进一步诱发了区域创新能力对战略性新兴产业全要素生产率变化率、技术进步率和纯技术效率的影响。     

Comparing the employment-output elasticities of migrants and nationals: the case of the Gulf Cooperation Council

Many countries have large or increasing migrant populations. We estimate the elasticity of private-sector employment to nonoil GDP for nationals and migrants using a Seemingly Unrelated Error Correction (SUREC) model. We use data from the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, which have a particularly large share of foreign workers. Our results indicate that the employment response is statistically significantly lower for nationals, who have an estimated short-run elasticity of only 0.15 and a long-run response of 0.7, than for migrants, where the short- and long-run elasticities are 0.35 and almost unity. Lower elasticities could signal higher labour market adjustment costs. In the context of low oil prices, forecasts imply a significant jobs shortfall for nationals in the coming years.     

FDI与OFDI溢出对高技术产业区域创新的门槛效应研究

选取2003-2016年省域高技术产业面板数据,以R&D人员投入为门槛变量,实证分析FDI与OFDI溢出对高技术产业区域创新的非线性影响。得出以下稳健性结论：FDI和OFDI溢出对高技术产业区域创新具有双门槛效应,FDI溢出呈现先升后降的特征,而OFDI溢出则呈现先降后升特征;R&D人员投入、R&D资本积累、城镇化水平有利于高技术产业区域创新,而金融成熟度未产生明显推动作用;政府支持可能对R&D人力投入较高省份产生抑制作用;2003-2016年跨越R&D人员投入中、高门槛的省份在不断增加。