社会流动视角下农民工返乡创业路径研究

鼓励农民工返乡创业是解决"三农"问题和农村剩余劳动力转移等社会经济问题,贯彻落实科学发展观的重要举措。本文以社会流动理论为基础,揭示了返乡农民工创业的上升式社会流动本质,进而对其外生创业路径,即改造传统农业、支持城镇建设和承接产业转移,以及内生创业路径,即人力资本投资和社会资本投资进行了深入分析。     

“三位一体”农民工健康服务体系及其保障机制研究

分割型城乡二元劳动力市场与弱健康人力资本的交互累积效应、健康服务支出的沉没成本效应、伦理价值观的惯性约束效应、农民工主体的弱健康服务诉求及信息传递障碍的制约,使我国农民工健康服务供给明显不足,难以形成一个完善的农民工健康服务体系。因此应当构建一个以政府为中心、企业广泛参与的农民工健康服务体系的"三位一体"模式,并设立以企业为核心的制度保障机制,发挥政府的主导性作用。     

进城农民工救助体系构建难的原因及财政对策

构建进城农民工社会救助政策和体系,对促进农民工城市化、市民化具有重要意义。但目前农民．Y-集中流入的城市政府构建该政策体系的积极性普遍不高,其中一个主要障碍是资金约束。而要解决这一问题,需要国家改革财政转移支付模式,构建中央财政与地方财政合理共担的框架,提高流入地政府构建农民工社会政策的积极性,流入地政府自身也应高瞻远瞩、加大投入。     

Superior firm performance under conditional communication between top hierarchy and the subordinates

The choice of communication protocol in hierarchically structured firms is critical to business success. A new conditional communication structure is proposed where the subordinates are allowed to communicate with the principal only when the unit performs poorly. Under this protocol, the bad manager is not afraid of whistleblowing by a superior subordinate, because by making a good recruitment he ensures that his unit generally performs well. The good manager will also be given a voice when his unit does not perform well to clarify the underlying causes, and thus saves inefficient firing by the principal. Using a game-theoretic analysis, we show that this is a clear improvement over the “chain of command” style management where there is no communication between the top and bottom layers and managers are always fired following bad performance. Conditional communication can thus be adopted by firms to improve the overall profitability.     

Labor reallocation and demographics

We explore data from all transition economies over nearly two decades, providing insights on the mechanisms behind labor force reallocation. We show that worker flows between jobs in different industries are rare relative to the demographic flows of youth entry and elderly exit. The same applies to the flows between state-owned enterprises and private firms. In fact, evidence suggest that changes in the demand for labor were accommodated mostly through demographic flows, with a smaller role left for job transitions. We also show that the speed of changing the ownership structure in the economy has driven exits to retirement, in particular the early exits.     

Voices of abused workers: Implications for mitigating worker mistreatment

In the contemporary business reality, marked by unemployment and loose labor markets, workplace abuse is likely to climb as organizations and managers wield increased leverage in the employment relationship. We explore the organizational phenomenon of worker abuse and examine workplace blog accounts from abused workers to uncover shared insights. Based on these findings, we offer research-based suggestions, implications for practice, and resources for organizations, managers, and workers. Specifically, we advance an ABUSE mitigation model as a holistic management system for identifying and dealing with workplace abuse.     

Forecasting unemployment across countries: The ins and outs

This paper evaluates the flow approach to unemployment forecasting proposed by Barnichon and Nekarda (2012) for a set of OECD countries characterized by very different labor markets. We find that the flow approach yields substantial improvements in forecast accuracy over professional forecasts for all countries, with especially large improvements at longer horizons (one-year ahead forecasts) for European countries. Moreover, the flow approach has the highest predictive ability during recessions and turning points, when unemployment forecasts are most valuable.     

劳动力流动城乡统筹的现状及障碍研究

本文首先回顾了劳动力流动城乡统筹的既有研究,之后由劳动力流动城乡统筹的现状切入,创新性地由计划配置、市场配置和自动配置的角度来剖析不同配置模式及其调整所引起的劳动力转移。城乡公共产品的供给严重失衡是事实上阻碍劳动力跨越城乡流动的首因,它的不对称性主要体现在户籍制度、社会保障和交易信息几方面。     

京津冀经济圈农民工医疗与健康状况评估体系研究

为科学评估农民工医疗与健康状况,选取能代表京津冀经济圈农民工医疗与健康状况的指标,构建出一个力求合理、科学、简明、可行的京津冀经济圈农民工医疗与健康状况评估指标体系,作为评估京津冀经济圈乃至全国农民工群体医疗与健康状况的依据和工具。     

进城务工者随迁子女教育公平问题研究

进城务工者随迁子女教育公平问题是当前我国城市化和现代化过程中出现的重要社会问题。其主要表现是子女入学难、受歧视、升学考试难和受教育质量堪忧等。造成进城务工者子女教育公平问题的根源在于二元经济结构下的户籍制度、教育资源分配和教育体制等方面。因此,需要进行相应的制度设计体制创新,并制定出适当的经济政策。