安徽省乡村旅游发展的现状、问题与对策

安徽乡村旅游资源丰富,近年来乡村旅游发展较快,对于带动农村发展、农民增收等具有积极意义,但是在发展中也存在一些障碍,在乡村旅游问题分析的基础上提出相应对策。     

Soil and water conservation investments and rural development in China

This study uses a unique set of annual provincial data on soil and water conservation (SWC) investments during the period 1989–2005 to estimate the impact of such investments on the extent and severity of erosion, the growth rate of agricultural gross domestic product (GDP) and rural poverty reduction in China. We find that SWC investments made by local governments have a significant negative impact on the extent of erosion and (in recent years) the severity of erosion, whereas SWC investments made by farm households until recently had a significant negative effect on the severity of erosion. In its turn, the severity of erosion is found to have a significant negative impact on agricultural GDP. Estimation of the impact of the extent of erosion on agricultural GDP provides mixed results. Based on these results, we derive that one RMB invested in SWC by local governments increases agricultural GDP in 2002 with 0.84–1.25 RMB. Finally, we find that agricultural GDP has a significant negative impact on the rural poverty rate. The resulting indirect effect of SWC investment on rural poverty reduction, however, is small compared to other types of public investment. We conclude that (local) government investments in SWC do not only serve environmental goals, but also make a non-negligible contribution to agricultural growth and rural poverty reduction.     

关于乡村旅游发展措施的思考

针对我国乡村旅游发展步调放缓,进入"瓶颈期"的现状,已有不少学界、业界的人士对其困境和原因进行了研究,本文尝试从可持续发展、利用文化优势、把握"旅客体验"、加强旅游管理等方面阐述了对乡村旅游发展措施可行性的思考。     

农村城市化中人口迁移问题研究——基于刘易斯与托达罗理论的分析

文章从发展经济学的角度,对农村人口迁移理论作了简要回顾,重点论述了刘易斯的二元经济论与托达罗模型,并结合我国农村城市化过程中人口迁移的实际情况,探讨人口迁移对我国农村城市化发展带来的影响,并提出在这一过程中要注意的一些问题。     

浅析我国农村金融体系的现状与创新

现代农业及新农村建设需要资金的大量投入与金融的有效支持,农村金融在支持农村经济、社会发展中发挥着举足轻重的作用。本文通过对农村金融体系的现状进行分析,提出了相应的解决方法。     

农村产业专业化过程中市场风险问题研究

农村产业专业化过程中市场风险的大小直接关系着整个农业发展甚至国民经济的稳定,本文根据影响农村产业专业化过程中市场风险的各种因素,建立风险指标体系,利用模糊递阶层次分析模型确定风险程度并最终提出相应对策。     

“三资分置”前提下的农村集体经济发展

我国农村集体所有的全部资产由资源性资产、公益性资产和经营性资产三部分构成。在农村集体产权制度改革,农村集体耕地"三权分置"和宅基地"三权分置"背景下,逐步完善和建立农村集体经济组织的耕地保护管理费、宅基地部分事项有偿使用费、农村集体经济组织集体股等,可以使我国大部分农村形成稳定的集体经济收入来源,提高我国农村公共服务水平和福利水平,提高我国农村基层组织的治理能力和治理水平,促进我国乡村振兴和农村长治久安。     

Effect of personality traits on smallholders’ land renting behavior: Theory and evidence from the North China Plain

This study investigates the effect of smallholders’ personality traits on their land rental market decisions. We develop a conceptual framework and show that these internal factors could affect smallholders’ land rental market participation beyond institutional and socio-demographic factors. Our empirical analysis is based on a survey of 2119 rural households collected in the North China Plain. We find that smallholders with a higher level of openness are more active in participating in the farmland rental market. Moreover, internal locus of control plays a significant role in explaining smallholders’ land renting behavior. We further show that need for achievement mediates the link between internal locus of control and smallholder’s intention to rent land, indicating that fostering a higher level of internal locus of control—and subsequently achievement desire—could play an important role in promoting smallholders’ land-renting behavior. More generally, our results imply that taking rural smallholders’ personality traits into account in designing land rental policies may increase the effectiveness of policies aimed at promoting land rental market participation among smallholders and incubating crop farm scale enlargement in rural China.     

对城镇化背景下农民专业合作社法律问题的考察

近年来,农民专业合作社发展迅速,并且将成为引领我国农业生产经营体制创新的重要主体,已经成为我国主要的市场主体之一。而根据传统的民商法理论已经不能清楚地判断农村专业合作社的法律性质,使得理论界对此产生争议。本文从对农民专业合作社的性质、类型等相关问题进行分析研究,明确其在民商事法律关系中的法律地位,并对城镇化背景下农民专业合作社发展的前景进行探究。     

我国农村合作医疗制度的变迁分析——从公共政策系统与过程的视角

我国农村合作医疗经历了近50年的发展,曾被世界卫生组织和世界银行称为"以最少的投入获得最大健康收益"的中国模式。文章从公共政策的系统要素和过程两方面来考量其制度变迁的进程,分析其繁荣发展和逐渐衰败的内因以及该制度在实施过程中的问题,以期得到有利于新型农村合作医疗制度的发展与完善的启示。