Exploring the Role of Travel and Tourism in Sharing Economy Activities: A Case Study of South Korea

This study explores the role of travel and tourism in sharing economy activities by using a case study of Seoul, South Korea. The findings reveal 1) significant associations between respondents’ demographic and socio-economic characteristics and their participation level in diverse sharing economy activities; 2) significant differences in future intention to participate in diverse sharing economy activities among groups; and 3) interest in travel and tourism was most strongly related to future intention to participate in diverse sharing economy activities. Policy making implications of the sharing economy focused on the role of travel and tourism are discussed in the conclusion.     

美国的大都市区政府治理实践

大都市区的形成和发展是城市化进程中的重要特征和主导趋势之一。美国是当代发达国家的典型代表,其大都市区政府治理实践经历了相当长的过程,在一定程度上反映了市场经济发展和城市化高级阶段可能出现的某些普遍性问题和治理趋势。美国大都市区政府治理实践的特征主要体现在治理模式选择、公共服务提供和基层社区治理等方面。基于上述因素而形成的美国大都市区政府治理的特征,是由美国政体因素、地方自治因素、经济因素和利益集团因素综合作用的结果。     

中国南亚战略论

在21世纪的国际体系里,印度是最具潜力的国家。本文在全面考察印度追求大国地位的历史、印度在南亚的战略作为、以及南亚的基本地缘政治态势和南亚各中小国家的地缘政治处境等的基础上,借助中国古代先贤的经典理论,明确指出中国的的南亚战略是合小攻大。     

Evaluating policy changes on council waste generation and diversion: Evidence from South Australia

Australia, like most countries worldwide, faces increasing issues with burgeoning waste generation and its appropriate disposal. Hence, effective policies and programmes are needed to change household waste generation and recycling behaviour, thereby reducing waste into landfill. To date, however, there has been little academic research on the potential effects of various policies on waste generation. We employ a rare data set and the fixed-effects linear regression model with autoregressive disturbances to investigate how a variety of public policies (namely education campaigns, roll-out of food diversion systems and provision of food caddies) influence monthly waste generation and diversion in Adelaide, South Australia, from 2006 to 2020. The results show that the introduction of food waste caddies and diversion systems was associated with increased diversion rates, saving local councils the gross equivalent of AUD$4.67 million in reduced solid waste landfill levies. However, education campaigns regarding food waste and recycling alone were found to have no significant association with reduced waste or increased recycling.     

Entrepreneurship and social norms about thrift versus sharing: the Chinese-Tahitian experience

This article establishes a link between entrepreneurship and a new ‘cultural dimension’: thrift vs. sharing. This cultural dimension measures what is the overriding social norm in a group: thrift or sharing. Our first hypothesis states that long winters with annual harvests fostered thrift while foraging and tropical horticulture and continuous harvesting fostered sharing. Our second hypothesis states that thrift promotes entrepreneurship, while sharing hampers it. We find empirical support for both hypotheses when comparing indigenous Polynesians and the Hakka Chinese minority in Tahiti, French Polynesia.     

苏南工业企业面向工业4.0的新产品模型与制造范式研究

德国工业4.0计划揭示了工业系统发展方向和趋势。构建了面向工业4.0的新产品模型和新制造范式,建立了新制造范式“商业-洞察-技术”三维创新模型。针对苏南制造业现状,提出了苏南工业企业转型升级的对策与建议,以期提升新形势下苏南地区制造业整体竞争力。     

美国的次贷危机及对中国的警示与借鉴

文章阐述了美国从2007年上半年开始的次贷危机,分析产生原因,对美国和世界的应对措施进行评述。着重介绍了中国的反应和影响,数据显示,美国次贷危机升级,中国大幅增仓颇令人费解;对中国的影响体现在持有的美国次债账面价值大幅减少,危机引发的美元贬值对我国出口影响较大及弱美元给中国通胀造成压力。作者认为美国次贷危机对中国的警示和借鉴主要是:提高住房抵押贷款质量;防止房地产市场过热;建立信用分级制度;稳健地推进住房抵押贷款证券化进程。     

Interventions in agriculture for nutrition outcomes: A systematic review focused on South Asia

Research on the potential impact of interventions in agriculture on nutrition outcomes is of particular relevance in South Asia where agriculture-related activities are a major source of livelihoods for large sections of society and where the population suffers from one of the highest global burdens of malnutrition in all its forms. This systematic review aims to assess the strength of the available evidence that agricultural interventions have an impact on intermediate and final nutrition outcomes in India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan and Afghanistan. We searched five literature databases and reference lists of previous systematic reviews to identify peer-reviewed studies published between 2012 and 2017, detailing impacts of household- or farm-level agricultural interventions on nutritional outcomes in South Asia. We identified six intervention studies (reported in nine papers) conducted in Bangladesh (two studies), India (two studies) and Nepal (two studies). The majority of studies examined the impact of provision of seed, plants and training to increase home garden fruit and vegetable production with or without integrated poultry provision and training. Other studies evaluated the impact of livestock or aquaculture provision and training. Study designs and quality were mixed; heterogeneity across studies precluded formal meta-analysis. Interventions had a positive impact on intermediate outcomes on the pathway from agricultural intervention to nutritional or health status including dietary quality and dietary diversity of households and individuals (reported in seven papers). The evidence on the impact on final nutritional outcomes was mixed: one paper reported that home gardens with poultry reduced the odds of anaemia but there was no convincing evidence of an impact of agricultural interventions on child anthropometric measurement (reported in four papers). In recent years, the Leveraging Agriculture for Nutrition in South Asia (LANSA) research programme consortium has significantly expanded research on agricultural interventions for nutrition outcomes by conducting and commissioning a suite of formative and feasibility studies that have extended both the range and geographic location of interventions under study. This expanding body of research should, in the future, enable the identification of cost-effective interventions to enhance the impact of agricultural interventions sustainably to improve nutrition outcomes especially in women and children in South Asia.     

Developing the Women's Empowerment in Nutrition Index in Two States of India

Rural women face many obstacles that thwart their well-being. Policies that seek to empower them, for example, by improving livelihood opportunities, often do not translate into improvements in other areas, notably in their nutritional status. Indeed, many existing measures of women’s empowerment have ambiguous associations with indicators of nutritional status. This is likely because existing operationalizations of empowerment often focus on aspects that are somewhat distal from factors that influence nutrition. In this paper, we present an index that aims to measure women’s empowerment in the realm of nutrition. We define nutritional empowerment as the process by which individuals acquire the capacity to be well fed and healthy, in a context where this capacity was previously denied to them. Our index draws on theory and multi-site formative research from South Asia and captures multiple dimensions of empowerment spanning domains that influence nutritional outcomes. We construct this index using data from two sites in India and validate it by estimating two nutritional outcomes, body mass index (BMI) and anemia, as a function of the index. We find that our index is significantly associated with these outcomes, indicating that, in rural South Asia, the women’s empowerment in nutrition index can assist researchers to understand the nutritional status of women and their families.     

Residents' perceptions of casino impacts: A comparative study

The primary purpose of this study was to explore differences in residents' perceptions of casino development between South Korea and Colorado. The communities surveyed are former depressed mining areas with significant historic characteristics. The secondary purpose was to investigate whether social exchange theory is appropriate to explain residents' perceptions of the impact of casinos on community support for casino development. In general, three factors of residents' perceptions and support were found to be significantly different between the two study sites. Furthermore, the effects of positive social impact on benefits, of both positive social impact and negative environmental impact on support, and the benefit factor on support level were significantly different between the two data collection areas. The study findings support the appropriateness of social exchange theory in explaining residents' responses in both study areas.