成渝地区双城经济圈协同创新发展现状与对策

成渝地区双城经济圈的建设对于当前形成国内大循环的经济发展新格局具有重要的战略意义。本文以成渝地区制造业与生产性服务业协同集聚为研究对象,以城市层面的全要素生产率作为城市高质量发展的衡量指标,利用成渝地区16个城市2005-2018年数据,构建动态面板模型,采用系统GMM的方法实证检验成渝地区双城经济圈制造业与生产性服务业协同集聚对成渝地区城市全要素生产率的影响,并基于DEA-Malmquist的方法对城市全要素生产率进行分解,通过对产业协同集聚和全要素生产率水平的测算构建模型,并实证检验了产业协同集聚对生产率影响的效果,提出通过平台共建、政策共通、市场共融以及人才共用等方面建立一体化协同发展体系推动成渝地区双城经济圈协同创新发展。     

Teaching teenagers in finance: Does it work?

Many initiatives worldwide aim at improving financial literacy through targeted education programs, yet there is little evidence regarding their effectiveness. We examine the impact of a short financial education program on teenagers in German high schools. Our findings reveal that the training program significantly increases teenagers’ interest in financial matters and their financial knowledge, especially their ability to properly assess the riskiness of assets. Behaviorally, we observe a decrease in the prevalence of self-reported impulse purchases, but at the same time find no evidence of a significant increase in savings.     

On the global supply of basic research

In a two-country Schumpeterian growth model, we study the incentives for basic research investments by governments in a globalized world. A country׳s basic research investments increase with the country׳s level of human capital and decline with its own market size. This may explain why some smaller countries invest so much in basic research. Compared with the optimal investments achievable when countries coordinate their basic research policies, a single country may over-invest in basic research. However, the total amount of decentralized basic research investments is always below the socially optimal investment level, which justifies policy coordination in this area.     

异质性企业、结构转型与稳定出口

通过构建异质性企业、结构转型和出口增长的二元边际理论模型,本文认为转型国家出口增长主要沿集约边际实现的原因与其农业剩余劳动力有关,农业剩余劳动力越多,出口增长的集约边际越大、扩展边际越小。利用Tobit模型对1995-2009年中国出口到123个国家的HS-6位码贸易数据进行实证分析,在控制其他影响因素的前提下,我国农业剩余劳动力非农转移显著正向影响出口增长集约边际、负向影响扩展边际的效应确实存在。经济规模、贸易成本、人民币升值、区域经济一体化、外部冲击、语言的相通性、政治体制等变量对中国出口增长二元边际的影响机制不完全相同,表明要提高出口增长中的扩展边际比重,出口企业应实施市场多元化战略,将目标市场从传统高收入国家转移到发展中国家来,实现出口的稳定增长。     

家族企业资本结构对经营绩效影响的实证研究——以深圳市上市家族企业为例

上市家族企业资本结构与企业经营绩效之间存在复杂关系,基于我国深圳市上市家族企业相关数据,借助回归分析法及相关系数法,本文分析得出以下结论:深圳市上市家族企业资本结构与每股收益之间存在负相关关系;资本结构与摊薄净资产收益率之间存在强的正相关关系;资本结构与每股经营现金流之间存在负相关关系但不明显。同时根据深圳市上市家族企业的实际情况及实证结论,完善家族企业公司治理结构,应该从金融体系的建立、融资结构的安排及融资期限的协调等方面入手。     

市场结构理论分析范式演进研究

通过系统地梳理市场结构理论从SCP框架到厂商策略性行为研究的演变历程,并结合分析经济实践变迁,本文发现,推动市场结构理论分析范式演进的两个主要动因是方法论创新和理论范畴拓展。前者导致了结构主义SCP范式的确立和行为主义的兴起;后者催生了以交易费用为核心概念的新制度主义产业组织理论。展望市场结构理论未来的发展趋势,本文认为,从方法论创新上,博弈论将研究重点转向了企业策略性行为;从范畴拓展上,品牌经济学将开创对消费者行为研究的新领域。     

Accommodating spatial correlation across choice alternatives in discrete choice models: an application to modeling residential location choice behavior

This paper presents a modeling methodology capable of accounting for spatial correlation across choice alternatives in discrete choice modeling applications. Many location choice (e.g., residential location, workplace location, destination location) modeling contexts involve choice sets where alternatives are spatially correlated with one another due to unobserved factors. In the presence of such spatial correlation, traditional discrete choice modeling methods that are often based on the assumption of independence among choice alternatives are not appropriate. In this paper, a Generalized Spatially Correlated Logit (GSCL) model that allows one to represent the degree of spatial correlation as a function of a multi-dimensional vector of attributes characterizing each pair of location choice alternatives is formulated and presented. The formulation of the GSCL model allows one to accommodate alternative correlation mechanisms rather than pre-imposing restrictive correlation assumptions on the location choice alternatives. The model is applied to the analysis of residential location choice behavior using a sample of households drawn from the 2000 San Francisco Bay Area Travel Survey (BATS) data set. Model estimation results obtained from the GSCL are compared against those obtained using the standard multinomial logit (MNL) model and the spatially correlated logit (SCL) model where only correlations across neighboring (or adjacent) alternatives are accommodated. Model findings suggest that there is significant spatial correlation across alternatives that do not share a common boundary, and that the GSCL offers the ability to more accurately capture spatial location choice behavior.     

A network-based analysis of the impact of structural damage on urban accessibility following a disaster: the case of the seismically damaged Port Au Prince and Carrefour urban road networks

The magnitude 7.0 earthquake that struck Haiti in January 2010 led to an unprecedented effort in collecting and providing geographical information in support of humanitarian aid. Although most of the compiled datasets and generated maps were able to provide specific and detailed information regarding the location of damaged buildings and road interruptions, none or little information was available to describe the accessibility—or otherwise—of the urban space. Here we try to offer an alternative method to define the urban accessibility landscape in the aftermath of earthquake damage, by combining simple graph theory concepts and GIS-based spatial analysis to assess how the urban space accessibility decreases when the road network is damaged.     

市域轨道交通线路合理经济长度研究

在理论分析的基础上,从经济角度出发研究市域轨道交通合理的经济长度。以乘客旅行次数需求密度函数为基础,建立市域轨道交通线路长度效益函数和成本函数,其中效益函数包括旅客时间节省效益函数和票价收入效益函数;成本函数包括建设成本函数和运营成本函数,效益函数和成本函数相加即为市域轨道交通社会效益最大化的目标函数。通过建立社会效益函数的非线性函数,建立模型求解,得出合理的市域轨道交通经济长度。     

全球经济危机对我国进出口贸易的影响——基于多参数平滑法的定量分析

选取2000-2010年我国进出口的月度数据,运用多参数平滑方法,分析了全球经济危机对我国进出口贸易的影响。定量分析显示全球经济危机使我国2009年和2010年对外出口规模减少额超过10000亿美元,进口规模减少额超过6000亿美元,影响十分巨大,危机开始时对一般贸易的影响超过对进出口的整体影响。随着我国政府实施扩张性的财政政策和货币政策的效果逐渐显现,世界经济逐步回暖,全球经济危机对我国进出口的影响逐渐减少。进一步的研究显示:危机使得我国对欧盟进出口的影响超过了对美国进出口的影响;对欧美地区出口的影响超过进口的影响;对我国不同地区进出口的影响是从东到西影响强度逐步减弱,对外开放程度越高的地区受到的影响越显著,能够充分发挥比较优势的产品或行业受到全球经济危机负面影响的程度较小。