‘It’s a Harsh Fact of Life with the RMA’: neo-liberalism and the realities of community sports facility development by the private sector in New Zealand

Despite the importance of facilities as primary sites for delivery of leisure and sport services, there has been a scarcity of academic literature on the provision of community sports facilities and the processes through which they are developed. In particular, this paper provides empirical analysis of leisure facility provision with a focus on practice and experience of policy and planning actors. By employing a case study approach and semi-structured interviews, the study identified a sharp contrast between the discourse of neo-liberalism and the realities of a highly regulated environment for the private sector under a national legislation of New Zealand, namely the Resource Management Act 1991. While both public and private actors recognised benefits of the resource consent process in mitigating the negative environmental impacts and facilitating public input, the findings also revealed its potential impediments to both private and philanthropic developments and their potential resultant benefits to communities and social citizenship due to its costly, restrictive and undifferentiated nature. Consequently, the paper suggests that future research needs to examine empirical evidence of how social citizenship and citizen engagement are enhanced by both public and private sectors through planning and development of community sports facilities and services.     

Is quality management a prime requisite for globalization? Some facts from the sports industry

Countries have progressed during the decades through internationalization of their products. Pakistan is also trying hard to internationalize its products and has succeeded as far as the textile and sport ware industries are concerned. Pakistani Sports industry, though always relying on high quality products, lacked a formal quality management program till 1990’s. It was during this decade that most sports industries adopted a formal quality management program in the shape of ISO-9000. This paper encompasses different aspects of quality management and establishes its role in internationalization. Research findings presented in this paper are carried out in two phases. In phase-I, the detailed analysis of 6 sports industries is done, whereas in phase-II, a survey of one hundred industries was conducted and the role of quality management was established based on obtained results. It was found that 85% companies adopted ISO-9000 as a formal quality management program. The quality impact on internationalization was probed and it was found that the following quality management programs increased the sale, exports, profitability and the well being of the owner and the workers.     

运动饮料的市场发展分析

本文以美国、日本两个运动饮料市场化发展程度较高的国家为例,分析了运动饮料的定义与发展情况,并在此基础上分析中国运动饮料的市场发展情况,预测中国运动饮料市场将趋向成熟,趋向大众,趋向健康。     

供应链视角下竞技表演类体育产品协调机制研究

运用系统分析法和文献资料法对我国竞技表演类体育产品供应链内涵、市场特征、系统结构等进行研究,分析竞技表演类体育产品供应链失调的5大原因,并提出通过建立联合决策机制、综合考评激励机制、战略合作伙伴关系和契约机制、完善运动员的利益保障机制和供应链成员间信息沟通机制来共同协调我国竞技表演类体育产品供应链。     

Sponsorship effects on brand image: The role of exposure and activity involvement

Sponsorships capture a significant proportion of marketing budgets. In firm evaluations of the effectiveness of sponsorship engagements, image improvements represent the most important company objective. This study develops and tests a framework for explaining how exposure and activity involvement moderate the effects of event image, event–sponsor fit, and event commercialization on sponsor image. Using empirical data collected at a large sporting event with multiple sponsors, the authors show that increased sponsorship exposure reduces sponsor image if respondents perceive a low fit between the event and sponsor or high levels of event commercialization. Involvement in the sponsored activity improves the sponsor's image, in that the effect of event commercialization is positive for highly involved persons. This paper concludes with some reasons for the findings, implications for the choice and design of sponsorships, and further areas for research.     

体育院校大学生计算机网络安全意识的现状调查研究——以武汉体育学院为例

为了解体育院校大学生计算机网络安全意识现状,笔者对武汉体育学院500名大学生基于计算机网络安全相关问题进行了深入调查研究,且分析了学校在加强大学生计算机网络安全意识中存在的问题,并提出加强大学生计算机网络安全意识的建议。     

体育科学与体育科学体系新论

依据《辞海》中科学的概念,结合体育科学的性质和特点,重新定义了体育科学的概念。指出了体育学院通用教材体育概论中体育科学体系分类的不合理之处,提出了新的体育科学体系分类。     

民间体育对促进“人与社会”和谐发展的深远影响

中国民间体育文化是现代体育研究中的重要课题。本文从文化角度分析了中国民间传统体育所体现出了中国人文精神的主要特征,对中国民间体育的深层文化意蕴、文化特性、以及当前民间体育的生存和发展等方面进行探讨,为中国民间体育的研究做一些文化思索。     

A Markov chain model for forecasting results of mixed martial arts contests

In this paper, we present a new methodology for forecasting the results of mixed martial arts contests. Our approach utilises data scraped from freely available websites to estimate fighters’ skills in various key aspects of the sport. With these skill estimates, we simulate the contest as an actual fight using Markov chains, rather than predicting a binary outcome. We compare the model’s accuracy to that of the bookmakers using their historical odds and show that the model can be used as the basis of a successful betting strategy.     

Stakeholder demands and corporate social responsibility: Evidence from the Olympic Games

We propose that stakeholder demand can explain firms’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities and empirically test our proposition using 2002–2016 panel data from multiple countries. We select the Olympic Games as our experimental context and use a difference-in-differences design. We find that firms domiciled in countries that host the Olympic Games subsequently experience a significantly smaller increase in CSR commitment than firms in countries that unsuccessfully bid to host the Olympics. We also find that firms domiciled in cities that host the Olympic Games exhibit a significantly smaller increase in CSR than those domiciled in other cities in the same country. Additional tests indicate that firms in host countries with greater increases in the levels of happiness tend to experience an even smaller increase in CSR. Our findings are consistent with the stakeholder demand explanation, as stakeholders are less likely to require local firms to invest in CSR if utilities, such as those from environmental improvement, increase.Running head: Olympic Games and CSR.