浅析农产品库存管理策略

农产品是关系国计民生的物资,能否及时供应,不仅关系到社会大众的生活及生活水平的提高,还关系到市场的供给关系、物价涨跌,甚至还关系到农民及相关行业人员收入高低的问题。但农产品自身具备的时效性、季节性、易损性都会带来很多的负面影响。结合有效的建议去选择合适的库存管理策略能够解决部分农产品供需矛盾、价格变动及损耗等问题。     

Optimizing a bi-objective inventory model of a three-echelon supply chain using a tuned hybrid bat algorithm

This paper presents a bi-objective VMI problem in a single manufacturer-single vendor multi-retailer (SM-SV-MR) supply chain, which a redundancy allocation problem is incorporated. In the hybridized problem, a manufacturer produces a single item using several machines that work in series, and stores it in a warehouse to replenish one vendor who delivers it to several retailers using the shortest possible route. A novel meta-heuristic, called hybrid bat algorithm (HBA), with calibrated parameters is utilized to find a near-optimum solution. To show the efficiency of HBA, the results are compared to the ones using the traditional BA and a genetic algorithm.     

供应商管理库存中的道德风险分析与契约设计

分析了供应商管理库存环境下,除双重边际效应以外另一个导致供应链分散决策时零售商订购量下降的因素,即道德风险问题。针对道德风险,采用求解完全且完美信息动态博弈中子博弈完美纳什均衡的一般方法,即逆推归纳法设计了一个数量折扣契约。当参数满足一定关系时,该契约不仅可以有效消除供应商管理库存中的道德风险,而且也使供销双方期望利润实现了帕累托改进,因此该契约不仅是有效的,而且也是可执行的。     

A vendor managed inventory supply chain with deteriorating raw materials and products

Fast deteriorating raw materials such as raw milk, fruit and vegetables are commonly used to produce slowly deteriorating finished products such as milk powders, cheeses, and pastas. This paper studies a Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) type supply chain where the manufacturing vendor decides how to manage the system-wide inventories of its fast deteriorating raw material and its slowly deteriorating product. The decision variables are a common replenishment cycle of the product and the replenishment frequency of the raw material. We assume the deteriorating rates are known constants and every retailer's demand is deterministic. We develop an integrated model to calculate the total inventory and deterioration cost for such a system. We prove the convexity of the cost functions, and based on this a golden search algorithm is developed to find the optimal solution of the model. Our numerical results show that the deteriorating rate of the product may increase the total cost by more than 40% compared to the zero-deteriorating rate, while the deteriorating raw material has less impact on the total cost (commonly less than 5% in our numerical examples). This indicates that more attention should be paid to the product than the raw material. Further, an increase in the number of retailers can make the replenishment frequency of the raw material increase significantly but the common replenishment cycle of the product decreases a little. This indicates that adding a new retailer would not be felt strongly by the other retailers but would be felt by the supplier of the raw material.     

VMI模式下信息共享对违约风险的防范和控制

供应商管理库存（Vender Managed Inventory,VMI）是21世纪前沿的供应链管理模式,VMI对供应链的新形式供应的形成和发展都产生了影响。但由于我国信息化起步晚,使得很多企业在实施VMI模式时仍存在不同程度的风险。为了实现对VMI违约风险防范和控制的有效性,供应链上的各个企业越来越注重供应链成员之间的协调关系,而这就需要以供应链上各个节点的成员企业进行高质量的信息传递和及时完整的信息共享为基础来建立和完善整个VMI系统。研究供应商实施VMI的过程中所面临的违约风险,重点分析VMI模式下信息共享对违约风险防范控制作用,可有效地实现信息共享以降低VMI模式下的违约风险。     

“牛鞭效应”下的供应链库存管理研究

为发挥库存在企业的运作过程中的作用。改善客户服务水平,在库存位置接近客户时,满足较高的客户服务要求。文章在讨论供应链库存管理中牛鞭效应的基础上,主要研究供应链库存管理办法,提出了供应商的库存管理、联合库存管理和利用第三方物流供应商来管理库存三种方法。使得适当的库存存在不仅保证销售活动的顺利进行,而且提高了实际销售量,有助于降低采购和运输成本,产生一定的经济效益。     

基于供应链的VMI短期库存成本影响分析

在企业间竞争已转向供应链综合竞争的今天,企业是否具有竞争力,既取决于自身的实力,又离不开其资源整合的能力.供应链环境下的库存管理是供应链管理的重点,随着企业外部环境和内部管理模式的不断变化,它与传统库存管理相比有不少新的特点和要求,而供应商管理库存(VMI)正是可以适应这种变化的一种供应链库存管理策略.事实也证明VMI可以使供应链上企业的短期库存成本显著地得到降低.     

基于采购协议价格的VMI协调机制研究

供应商管理库存（VMI）是供应链上库存管理的一种新思路。在VMI模式下,供应商共享零售商的库存信息,从整体上进行决策以降低供应链的总体成本。但由于商承担了零售商的库存管理,获得的利润可能会减少,从而造成其责任和利益的不统一。基于单一供应商和单一零售商的两阶段模型,假定顾客需求随机并且允许缺货,在分析VMI实施前后双方利润变化的基础上,提出了协议价格这种供应链协调机制,以保证VMI的有效实施。     

VMI环境下GAHP-灰色关联分析法在下游企业选择中的应用

本文提出了VMI环境中供应商选择下游企业的指标体系。运用GAHP集中多位专家的决策经验,确定各评价指标的相对重要性;然后,根据灰色关联分析法确定的定量和定性信息的参考次序,对下游企业进行比较;最终排出优劣次序,做出选择。     

快速消费品行业应对VMI的策略分析

随着市场竞争的加剧,快速消费品供应链管理越来越引起人们的重视,如何使需求信息在链上有效流通,使上游供应商及时掌控消费者需求信息是企业获得竞争优势的重要方面。VM I是一种新的库存方式,对改善供应链的绩效有积极的作用,该策略有效实施能够使快速消费品行业及时掌握消费者的需求信息,提高市场响应速度,加大其市场份额。文中在分析快速消费品行业实施VM I优势的基础上,指出实施VM I面临的一些挑战,并给出了应对这些挑战的策略分析。