成本的作业性态在烟叶成本核算中的应用

烟叶生产中的作业环节分为成本核算单元,对作业划分、数据筛选和数据处理三个基本部分,用相应的处理方法,将整个环节分为7个作业单元;分步骤进行数据的筛选：及时记录成本动态,加快信息传输,分单元的主次区别处理。     

浅谈如何打造学习型公路行业

在新的历史时期,建立学习型公路行业尤为重要.要树立三种学习观,通过建章立制,创新形式等措施,来打造学习型公路行业.     

价格规制、煤炭资源与能源约束:最优开发路径试解

煤炭在国民经济具有重要的战略地位。煤炭资源可持续利用的成本核算构成要素和现阶段我国煤炭资源成本核算存在一些问题。政府必须对煤炭资源进行价格规制,使煤炭价格能充分体现煤炭产业科学发展的要求,形成煤炭资源可持续利用的价格机制。     

Business-model (intent)-based accounting

We discuss how basing financial reporting on an entity's business model is, in effect, basing financial reporting on management's intent with respect to the use, transfer or other disposition of an asset or liability. We provide several examples of existing International Financial Reporting Standards and US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles that permit or require intent-based accounting. We describe the meaning and consequences of basing the accounting for financial assets on management's intentions for realising value from those assets. We analyse the positive and negative features of intent-based accounting in the context of the Financial Accounting Standards Board's and International Accounting Standards Board's conceptual frameworks, specifically, the qualitative characteristics relevance and comparability and the objective of financial reporting, and apply that analysis to existing and proposed guidance for measuring financial assets. We also discuss evidence from academic research on the measurement of financial assets.     

Analysing the Institutional Logic of Late DRG Adopters

Abstract: This study investigates how institutional logics that are prevalent in an organizational field influence change in management accounting. More precisely, we examine the institutional logics of late DRG adopters through which organizations attempt to address the pressures imposed by the institutional field of health care. Specific attention is also paid to the way in which organizations operate at different institutional levels and what kinds of interrelationships exist between these levels. Such developments may at least partially explain why the implementation and adoption of DRG–based accounting systems in Finnish health care took almost twenty years.     

论资产评估与会计的关系

资产评估与会计是既有区别又有联系的专业服务活动,本文通过讨论两者之间的关系,使我们明确会计提供以事实判断为主要内容的服务,资产评估提供以价值判断为主要内容的服务,它们都是现代市场经济赖以正常运行的基础服务行业。使我们更深刻地认识资产评估,更好地利用会计信息为评估服务,从而提高资产评估质量。     

高管权力、内部控制与公司价值

从内部控制角度出发,以我国2008—2013年度沪深两市A股上市公司为研究样本,在研究内部控制与公司价值之间关系的基础上考察公司高管权力配置结构对两者之间关系的影响,并进一步分析不同产权性质下内部控制与公司价值之间的关系以及高管权力对两者关系的影响,结果表明：完善的内部控制有助于提升公司价值,高管权力过于集中会削弱内部控制的有效性并抑制内部控制对公司价值的提升作用;与国有上市公司相比,非国有上市公司的内部控制对公司价值存在显著的提升作用,但在高集权的情况下,无论是国有上市公司还是非国有上市公司,内部控制均不能对公司价值起到显著的提升作用。     

Corporate Lobbying and Firm Performance

Corporate lobbying activities are designed to influence legislators, regulators and courts, presumably to encourage favorable policies and/or outcomes. In dollar terms, corporate lobbying expenditures are typically one or even two orders of magnitude larger than spending by Political Action Committees (PAC), and, unlike PAC donations, lobbying amounts are direct corporate expenditures. We use data made available by the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 to examine this more pervasive form of corporate political activity. We find that, on average, lobbying is positively related to accounting and market measures of financial performance. These results are robust across a number of empirical specifications. We also report market performance evidence using a portfolio approach. We find that portfolios of firms with the highest lobbying intensities significantly outperform their benchmarks in the three years following portfolio formation.     

Efectividad del proyecto de convergencia contable mexicano emprendido a partir de 2005: evidencia empírica (1997-2010)

The purpose of our study is to know whether the efforts carried out by the Mexican Council for Financial Information managed to reduce the differences in the calculation of the Mexican accounting reports and those calculated under American principles (US GAAP) in the period 1997-2010. To achieve the objectives set out, we analyzed 230 20-F reports that correspond to 27 Mexican companies listed in the New York Stock Exchange. The results obtained in the implementation of the linear regression models show the existence of certain factors that explain the degree of comparability of fundamental accounting variables obtained under Mexican GAAP and US GAAP.     

What Plato Knew About Enron

This paper applies Plato’s cave allegory to Enron’s success and downfall. Plato’s famous tale of cave dwellers illustrates the different levels of truth and understanding. These levels include images, the sources of images, and the ultimate reality behind both. The paper first describes these levels of perception as they apply to Plato’s cave dwellers and then provides a brief history of the rise of Enron. Then we apply Plato’s levels of understanding to Enron, showing how the company created its image and presented information to support that image, and how the public eventually emerged from the cave to realize the truth about Enron’s actual accounting practices and financial state, which led to the corporation’s downfall. We find Plato’s allegory both useful in analyzing the relationship between Enron and the public and instructive about the power and moral responsibility of Enron’s executives.