财税政策、城乡收入差距与中国居民消费的非线性效应研究

为了验证财税政策对居民消费存在的非线性效应, 文章系统考察了因城乡收入差距的第三方外部因素存在差异时, 财税政策对居民消费影响效应的变化情况. 面板门槛计量模型研究发现, 以城乡收入差距门槛值作为外生变量构建的分段函数中, 税收负担和财政支出规模促进居民消费的城乡收入差距绝对数最优区间分别为4015元-7016元和7912元-10323元; 税制结构和财政支出结构促进的城乡收入差距相对数最优区间分别为0.126-0.171和0.127-0.172. 因此, 应当辩证看待政府财税政策对居民消费的影响作用, 促进我国居民消费的关键点在于财税政策的合理制定与实施.     

地理位置、环境信息披露与股价同步性--基于政策变动的研究视角

在政策变动的背景下,公共压力与空间距离都是影响股价同步性的重要因素,前者减弱股价同步性,后者增加股价同步性,但两者共同通过环境信息披露进行作用对股价同步性会产生怎样的影响是目前必须解决的问题。本文选取2004－2006年和2009－2011年我国上市制造业企业为样本,以政策变动为视角,研究了环境信息披露差异对股价同步性的影响机制。结果发现,在《办法》颁布前,远距离企业的环境信息披露与股价同步性负相关,《办法》颁布后则正相关。而对于近距离企业,在《办法》颁布前后均不显著。因此,在公共压力增大的情况下,环境信息披露对股价同步性影响的过程中,地理位置起到了决定性的调节作用,应引起监管层的足够重视。     

税收与财政补助促进融资租赁发展的对比研究--基于行业异质性和不同企业类型视角

本文基于行业异质性和不同企业类型视角,对比分析税收与财政补助促进融资租赁发展的作用。结果表明：税收和财政补助对融资租赁业发展的促进路径有三条,承租方、供货方和担保机构在其中起到中介效用;税收的作用程度高于财政补助的行业有：电信、工程机械、交通运输、矿业和制造加工;财政补助的作用高于税收的行业有： IT、医疗和印刷;在风险投资融合型和革命型的企业中,税收政策的作用高于财政补助,在冒险型的企业中,财政补助政策的作用程度高于税收政策。     

Vertical and financial ownership: Competition policy and the evolution of the UK pub market

Abstract

Traditionally the UK brewing industry was vertically integrated with brewers owning and controlling pubs. This came to an abrupt end in the forced divestment of a large proportion of the major brewers' pub estates in the 1989 ‘Beer Orders’. The divested pubs spawned the independent pub companies. This study of regulatory policy and financial services interest in the UK brewing industry poses the question of whether the original industrial structure was preferable to what has emerged subsequently. The contribution of the article is in highlighting the risks and rewards of regulatory intervention in deeply-embedded organisation and the sustainability of alternative business models that emerge.     

The not-so-generalised effects of the Generalized System of Preferences

We use an empirical gravity equation to study how non-reciprocal trade preferences (NRTPs), enacted mainly through the Generalized System of Preferences, affect the exports of the beneficiary nations. In line with existing studies, the average trade effect stemming from non-reciprocal preferences is highly unstable across specifications. However, once we allow for heterogeneous effects, results become robust and economically important. Specifically, NRTPs have a strong effect on the exports of beneficiaries when they are members of the World Trade Organization and are very poor. Not-so-poor beneficiaries also expand foreign sales, but only if they are not WTO members. For all others, the average export effects of NRTPs are mute.     

Advertising Decision Makers' and Consumers' Perceptions of Media Substitutability

The purpose of this article is to assess the perceptions of advertising media substitutability among consumers, media planners, and media providers. Data were collected from three different samples using structured questionnaires and CATI interviewing. The results suggest that some degree of substitution does indeed exist in all three groups. This means that if first media choices are unavailable all groups are likely to consider others as possibly providing the best buying information. This study adds to the scarce literature that focuses on perceptions of media substitutability and provides results for both demand and supply side of the media market. It also suggests that such perceptual studies may be helpful in a re-examination of current policy and advertising management decisions.     

民间借贷政策规制的社会福利效应：一个分析框架

本文通过构建一个民间借贷规制模型来分析需求弹性和行政执法成本对规制效率的影响。模型表明：在民间借贷缺乏需求弹性时,由于高昂的禁令规制成本,对政府而言更为合适的手段是将民间借贷采取合法化、并加以征税的规制政策。在我国,除了通过“民间借贷服务中心”等机构创新来实现民间金融规范化以外,更主要地是打破金融机构市场准入高度管控的体制,允许民间资本进入金融业,使民间金融机构合法化。     

Why Greater Cash Holdings and Short-Term Debt Simultaneously Persist? The Case of Transition Economy

This study observes and explores a puzzle in Chinese firms whereby both cash holdings and short-term debt simultaneously account for more than 20% of total assets for at least two consecutive years over the sample period. This phenomenon conflicts with the principle of corporate value maximization, and is not clearly explained by the classical theories in corporate finance. Based on the implications in the extant literature and discussions of institutional constraints of the transition economy in China, this paper develops four hypotheses that are involved with agency conflicts between the largest shareholders and creditors and the formation of this puzzling financial structure. The empirical analyses suggest that the largest shareholders with tunneling motives seek to hold more cash to serve their private interests and/or the consequent operational deficit of the listed corporations. To the ends, these corporations tend to manage the timing of short term debt financing to increase cash reserves temporarily at the end of year. Essentially, greater cash holdings on the balance sheet of these corporations related with the puzzle become a misleading signal for potential creditors, possibly contributing to the refinancing of short-term debt of these listed firms for the following year. Hence, the puzzling financial structure is connected with the timing of debt financing and adverse selection of creditors. This study enriches the stream of literature on cash holdings and debt maturity, and provides new evidence on the impact of agency problems of the largest shareholders on the association between cash holdings and debt maturity in the context of a transition economy.     

货币政策的分配效应研究——基于异质性家庭视角

货币政策不仅是应对突发冲击、在短期内迅速实现经济复苏的政策工具,而且具有调节收入分配的功效。通过将异质性家庭和货币政策引入动态随机一般均衡分析框架,文章考察了扩张性货币政策的分配效应。研究发现,降息不仅能够促进李嘉图和经验规则式家庭的消费和就业,而且有助于降低消费不平等和收入不平等。与不考虑不平等因素的货币政策规则相比,考虑消费不平等和收入不平等的拓展规则引致的社会福利损失显著降低。因此,在制定和执行货币政策规则时,不仅应当考虑家庭的异质性,而且应当考虑可能的消费不平等与收入不平等。