商业银行人力资源研究综述

商业银行人力资源已成为影响商业银行稳定发展的重要因素,从而成为学界、金融界和政界关注的焦点。通过文献内容分析,对商业银行人力资源研究文献从研究方法、研究视角和文献内容结构三个方面进行评述,并在此基础上提出商业银行人力资源研究的展望。研究认为,亟须建立商业银行人力资源绩效评价指标体系,对商业银行人力资源进行绩效评价;分析导致银行人力资源非效率的原因,以及存在的问题;优化商业银行人力资源配置,最大化地发挥银行人力资源效用。     

利率管制、金融扭曲与投资效率

本文认为我国存在正规与非正规的二元金融体系,二者的利率水平不同,央行的利率管制是导致这种金融扭曲的一个主要原因。通过构建两个部门、两种金融资本的经济模型,得出正规金融市场中利率水平的提高有助于改善这种扭曲的金融结构,减少非正规金融,并且提高投资效率的结论。我国1986年到2008年的时间序列模型和1995到2008年的省际面板数据模型证实了此观点,说明利率市场化是我国深化金融改革的必然选择。     

城市水务产业价格规制研究

城市水务产业是一种具有自然垄断性、地域性、公益性及资源稀缺性的"网络型"产业,其特性决定了价格规制是水资源配置的重要手段。通过对规制定价方法进行综述,分析我国水价规制的现状和存在的问题,提出水价政府规制改革的必要性、基本思路和政策建议。     

浙江省环境规制对进口贸易影响的实证研究

环境规制与国际贸易的关系是近年较有争议的话题,利用浙江省区域1990年～2009年间的相关数据,通过SPSS软件的因子分析法进行测量及分析,结果表明该省环境规制程度的变动能引起进口贸易量较大的变化,同时进口贸易对环境规制的提升存在着正向影响。     

质量规制有效性和消费者信任的市场均衡效应

产品质量规制有效性和消费者信任对市场均衡具有重要影响,引入预期产品质量水平和能够检测出假冒高质量产品概率两个变量,分别表示消费者对产品质量信任状况和产品质量规制有效性,研究产品质量规制有效性和消费者对产品质量信任对产品均衡价格和数量的影响.结果表明无论是国内市场还是出口市场,消费者对产品质量信任状况对高质量产品市场均衡价格和均衡数量都有正向影响;而质量规制有效性对高质量产品市场均衡价格有正向影响,对均衡数量有负向影响.     

所有权与自然垄断产业规制——组合模式及选择

对于自然垄断产业采用何种所有权结构的规制模式,在理论研究与实践操作中都存在着多样化的选择。本文主要比较分析了民营外生规制、国有内生规制和混合所有权规制三种不同组合模式,并认为混合所有权规制模式较好地兼容了其他模式的优点,可以成为自然垄断产业改革与治理进程中的一个可取路径。欧盟国家自然垄断产业的改革经验,从实践上证明了混合所有权规制模式的可行性,尽管其也存在一定的局限性。同时,本文认为对于转型改革时期的中国,针对自然垄断行业的国有企业,可以考虑采用混合所有权规制模式的改革路径,通过股权开放的形式放松民营资本进入自然垄断产业的行业管制,并有效、平稳地建立起自然垄断产业规制体系。     

鲶鱼效应与机制缺欠：村镇银行发展问题探析

村镇银行作为新生力量,对于改变农村金融供求状态具有鲶鱼效应。但其作用的充分发挥,还需要配套建设一系列机制和制度作为保障。     

基于“三”分析的上市商业银行经营绩效评价

安全性、流动性和盈利性被称为商业银行经营的“三性”原则。本文基于改进的熵值法,对我国14家上市商业银行的三性指标进行综合评价。评价结果表明,我同股份制商业银行的经营绩效要普遍优于圈有商业银行。     

Regulation of international roaming in the European Union—Lessons learned

This paper analyzes the evolution of prices and competition in intra-EU international roaming markets. It addresses three main research questions: (i) to what extent have market forces by themselves brought competition to retail roaming markets? (ii) Has the evolution of market dynamics in wholesale roaming improved competition? (iii) Is wholesale regulation sufficient to lead to a reduction in retail roaming prices? Data show that there has been little price-based competition both at wholesale and retail levels, despite prices being well above costs and the significant margins allowed by regulation. Available data from the period preceding the entry into force of the first EU roaming regulation also point to the same conclusion. Lack of competitive pressure in retail roaming markets and inelastic demand give little incentives for retail roaming service providers to lower prices. Wholesale international roaming markets have complex competition dynamics. They are characterized by the reciprocity of wholesale roaming agreements and traffic internalization inside transnational groups. These circumstances limit price competition at the wholesale level. The traditional regulatory approach applied to electronic communication markets has been primarily focused on wholesale regulation. However, empirical evidence shows that even if wholesale charges are reduced, retail roaming markets continue to operate at very high retail margins (for example, more than 200% retail mark-up over wholesale charges for data roaming services and incoming calls). This proves that in international roaming markets wholesale charge reductions are not necessarily passed on to retail prices. It can thus be inferred that wholesale price regulation alone is in most cases not sufficient to ensure that benefits are passed through to end users.     

Agricultural pesticides and land use intensification in high,middle and low income countries

We study levels and trends in agricultural pesticide use for a large cross-section of countries using FAO data for the period 1990–2009. Our analysis shows that a 1% increase in crop output per hectare is associated with a 1.8% increase in pesticide use per hectare but that the growth in intensity of pesticide use levels off as countries reach a higher level of economic development. However, very few high income countries have managed to significantly reduce the level of intensity of their pesticide use, because decreases in insecticide use at higher income levels are largely offset by increases in herbicide and fungicide use. The results also show very rapid growth in the intensity of pesticide use for several middle income countries such as Brazil, Mexico, Uruguay, Cameroon, Malaysia and Thailand. Complementing our analysis with data from the Rotterdam Convention on Prior Informed Consent (PIC), we show that hazardous pesticides covered in the PIC procedure are more weakly regulated in lower than in higher income countries. We discuss the policy challenges facing developing countries with a rapid growth in pesticide use and recommend a four-pronged strategy, including an environmental tax on pesticides with revenues allocated to long-term investments in awareness building, the development of integrated crop management methods and the setting of food safety standards. The interactions between these measures should help contribute to the effectiveness of the overall strategy package.