中国进出口贸易顺差的原因、现状及未来展望

以工业制成品进出口为主导,并附之以初次产品进口的国际贸易分工模式所带来的大量贸易顺差,是中国经济的资源禀赋和对外投资、贸易政策共同作用的结果;而顺差变化幅度的轨迹则表明,中国经济正在实现通过外向型政策创造比较优势,向依靠国内大市场培育的规模经济和近乎无限供给的劳动力条件形成的、自发的比较优势转变这一过程。因此,贸易顺差的扩大是未来相当长时期内中国经济对外贸易的基本态势,不存在任何低成本的快速降低贸易顺差的短期措施。     

“低碳”条件下后发地区发展战略研究——以湖北省黄冈市为例

在“低碳”条件下，后发地区如何发展经济，造福一方百姓，是需要认真研究的现实问题。以湖北省黄冈市为例，提出四个转向：用“多元经济”取代单一工业发展模式；用“人口进城”取代单一GDP数字增长；用“项目招标”取代单一招商引资工作和用“就业创业”取代单一社会管理控制，用新的价值取向取代原有的社会运作模式。     

Did support for economic and political reforms increase during the post‐communist transition,and if so,why?

We study the dynamics of individual support for changes in the economic and political system, using a unique dataset for 12 transition economies over the period 1991–2004. We document that support for transition was initially lower in the CIS countries and that there has been a converging trend in the support for reforms between the CIS and the Baltic and Central and Eastern European countries. We suggest several explanations for the initial divergence and the post‐98 convergence in support for transition between these three groups of countries, and show that economic growth, declining income inequality and improving quality of governance have contributed to increase the support for transition. In addition, we find that increased support for the market economy and democracy in the CIS is accompanied by a larger increase in trust towards the political institutions. Our results also confirm the implications of Aghion et al. ( 2010 )'s model of a negative correlation between trust and the demand for government regulation.     

论低碳经济发展视阈下的公共政策创新

在全球变暖及其所带来的一系列生态环境问题备受国际关注的时代背景下,低碳经济发展越来越受到各国政府的普遍重视。本文分别从能源安全政策、产业、财税政策、公共参与政策、人才政策以及消费政策五方面展开分析,在此基础上提出适合我国国情的低碳政策创新建议。     

中国经济改革的路径与特点探析

中国是一个正处于工业化过程中的发展中的社会主义国家,在这样的一个国家推动实施经济转型,绝非是一个单纯的经济体制变更过程,而是体制变革与社会转型、改革与开放、市场驱动与行政主导的一支双重变奏曲,中国经济改革的复杂性也就在于此。     

鄱阳湖生态经济区饭店业低碳经济发展研究

饭店业要实现可持续发展必须在低碳经济发展模式下,这既是低碳经济时代的必然要求,也是饭店业提高自身竞争力的需要。创建低碳饭店不仅可以改善生态环境、节能减排,同时也可以降低企业成本、提高经济效益,为饭店业开辟了一条全新的发展方向。本文通过分析鄱阳湖生态经济区饭店业低碳经济发展的作用、优势和问题,提出了该地区饭店业发展低碳经济的具体途径。     

低碳与高成本运行环境下的广东物流产业升级路径与对策

在阐述广东省物流产业现状的基础上,分析了低碳经济政策、高油价、高路桥费的物流产业运行环境和产业结构调整给广东物流业带来的压力与挑战,认为在全球物流价值链中从功能操作向一体化集成物流发展将是广东物流产业升级的路径与方向,文章最后还就广东物流产业升级问题提出了相应的对策与建议。     

The exchange rate cycle in Argentina

This article discusses the secular volatility of output, inflation, the exchange rate, and poverty in Argentina. Inflation, currency devaluation and a wide gross domestic product (GDP) cycle have been recurrent problems in Argentina for several decades. The literature has extensively discussed those issues from different viewpoints. This study focuses on a relatively unexplored theme that may contribute to a partial explanation. It deals with the continuous tendency to equalize different profitabilities resulting, in turn, from remarkably different sectoral purchasing power parities. Thus, for any given exchange rate, an incessant tendency toward the equalization of profitabilities generates opposing inflationary and devaluatory pressures. The resulting inflation-devaluation cycle feeds income redistribution, GDP fluctuation, real exchange rate instability, and high levels of uncertainty.     

Performative global finance: bridging micro and macro approaches with a stratified perspective

Theories of performativity can enhance the study of global finance. Taking everyday financial practices seriously, they emphasise the potentially structuring effects and disciplinary nature of finance, and foreground the performative role of economics, financial models, and formulas. It has remained largely overlooked to date that the literature on the performativity of finance can be divided into two distinct approaches. ‘Microperformativity’ is the more actor-oriented approach, beginning its analysis with the exploration of agencements and their practices, or the examination of the social history of mathematical formulas in finance. ‘Macroperformativity’, in contrast, takes its point of departure from the social structure of finance itself, often in relation to national, international, or global power structures. Neither approach provides for an intermediary concept that more explicitly links the micro and macro level. Nor does either approach give adequate analytical consideration to social conflicts and power struggles. To fill these gaps, the paper applies poststructural hegemony theory to reconceptualise performativity as an articulatory logic which accounts for the transition of a particularity towards a universality within a framework of stratified hegemony. Framed accordingly, the concept of performativity accounts more strongly for the social and political processes, ruptures, contestations and contradictions in global finance.     

Where have China’s state monopolies gone?

If China’s economy is an example of “state-capitalism,” then its large, state-owned enterprises (SOEs) could be expected to monopolize key sectors. But previous estimates of industrial concentration, using the Herfindahl—Hirschman Index (HHI), have suggested that the level of industrial concentration—and therefore the potential for the abuse of monopoly power—is very low. These studies have significantly underestimated HHI, since they do not consolidate subsidiary enterprises in Chinese survey data into larger business groups, or according to ultimate ownership. After making these adjustments, a measure of potential HHI shows that large state monopolies remain in oil and gas, electricity, tobacco and, potentially, automobiles. In particular, SOEs supervised by the central government are heavily invested in potentially concentrated industries. But aggregate profits of the state sector are driven more by the portfolio distribution of assets between resources, manufacturing and utilities, rather than industrial concentration within sectors.