Co-creation of business models for smallholder forest farmers’ organizations: Lessons learned from rural Ethiopia and Tanzania

Forest farmers’ organizations (FFOs) have recently gained scholarly attention as a collective action instrument to upgrade value chains. However, insights into possible business models and organizational forms of FFOs remain fragmented. This study thus aimed to co-create FFO business models in order to assess the business models in the context of the regulatory framework and the value chain upgrading theory. The Input–Output scheme and the Business Model Canvas (BMC) were merged to create an analytical lens. Participatory workshops with two farmers’ organizations, each in Ethiopia and Tanzania, were conducted and triangulated with ten focus group discussions and 25 key informant interviews. The co-created business models reflected the grassroots entrepreneurial potential of smallholders to envision FFOs. The gaps requiring external support, namely the know-how in accessing microfinance, silvicultural practices, and entrepreneurship, were revealed. We argue that the transformation from a farmers’ organization to an FFO enables wood value chain upgrading. Diversifying wood with non-wood products is key for FFOs. Regardless of how the regulatory framework shapes external support, the local government plays a pivotal role in facilitating the connection between FFOs and (non-)governmental support actors. Through this research, we develop suggestions for further empirical studies and offer several recommendations for decision-makers.     

Is There a Causal Effect of Working Part‐Time on Current and Future Wages?

In this paper, I study the causal effects of part‐time work on current and future wages. To estimate these effects, I use a random effects model with a wage equation capturing the employment history and a dynamic multinomial probit component for the choice of employment status. Exclusion restrictions from the institutional context are exploited to support identification. The results suggest that working part‐time with few hours has a large causal effect on current wages, but more extensive part‐time work does not reduce current wages. However, both types of part‐time work lead to negative long‐term wage effects.     

从价值链的角度看协同效应与品牌策略

迈克尔·波特教授在其《竞争优势》一书中提出了价值链的分析方法,企业亦可以透过对价值链的分析,在协同效应的作用下建立企业品牌策略,以取得竞争优势。     

博弈分析框架下的供应链应收账款融资研究

如何解决中小企业融资难问题,一直困扰着理论界和实务界。供应链金融概念的提出和发展,为中小企业融资难问题提供了解决办法。作为供应链金融的融资工具之一,应收账款融资由于在操作上的快捷和简便,受到众多中小企业和银行的青睐。文章从博弈论的角度,分析了核心企业、中小企业供应商、银行三方在应收账款融资过程中的决策。通过分析可以得出,核心企业从自身的经营稳定性和利益出发,会选择为中小企业应收账款融资提供担保。同时,银行为了扩展自身业务,提高资产收益,会接受中小企业提出的应收账款融资请求。核心企业、中小企业、银行之间的博弈达到帕累托最优。     

浅谈农家乐连锁特色化发展战略--以重庆市为例

通过对重庆市市民旅游消费行为演变调查有关数据分析,在分析农家乐发展的原因及存在问题的基础上,提出农家乐连锁发展战略,并且根据重庆市的具体情况,指出针对性的特色化发展战略,强调就地取材、适度规模、合理定位的差异化、人性化、特色化农家乐连锁发展.     

我国连锁商业物流发展的对策

物流在连锁经营中起着至关重要的作用.由于物流技术及物流基础设施落后,物流管理人才短缺,加之受传统物流体制的影响,严重制约了我国连锁企业的发展.应加快信息网络建设和物流人才培养,选择合理的物流模式,制定完善的物流产业规划,以促进我国物流业的发展.     

供应链资本对供应商响应影响的实证研究

供应链资本可划分为关系资本和结构资本。其中,供应链结构资本对供应商的影响是通过管理交流和技术交流两个维度体现的。研究显示,技术交流对供应商响应的影响效果最大,技术交流可直接影响供应商响应,也可以通过提高关系资本对供应商响应带来间接影响。而管理交流则需要通过提高技术交流才能提高供应商响应。以信任和互惠为核心的关系资本对供应商响应亦有显著影响。因此,采购企业提高供应商响应的有效方法包括提高双方的技术交流,促进双方高层及管理人员的管理交流,增进双方信任并在合作中有效实施合理的利益分配。     

中国企业全球价值链“低端锁定”成因及对策分析

发展中国家企业在切入全球价值链并获得价值链利润的同时,由于核心技术缺乏、跨国公司有意进行技术封锁等原因,容易与发达国家的跨国公司之间形成俘获型全球价值链治理模式,并陷入低端锁定现象中。从公司角度通过微观层面分析了低端锁定产生的原因,并据此提出了相应的解决对策,其中,增强核心竞争力、构建中国自己的全球价值链对于中国企业摆脱低端锁定现象大有裨益。     

旅行社产业链条中的利益分配机制研究

旅游客源地与旅游目的地旅行社经营业绩存在显著差异,旅游客源地旅行社经营绩效优于目的地旅行社经营绩效,旅行社产业链条中存在利益分配不平等现象。本文首先建立模型论证这种旅行社产业链条中利益分配不平是由旅行社产业链条中不同环节的市场结构不同引起的;接着指明旅行社产业链条中不同环节之所以市场结构不同,关键是不同环节的规模经济、进入壁垒、要素需求等不同,导致旅行社产业链条中的下游环节往往处于利润高端,上游环节往往利润微薄,甚至亏损;最后根据旅行社产业链条中这种利益分配状况提出了改善我国旅行社经营绩效的具体政策建议。