论高职院校学生信息素质教育

文章论述了信息素质教育的内涵和对高职院校学生实施信息素质教育的重要性及其措施。     

University Students’ Attitudes Towards Entrepreneurship: A Two Countries Comparison

There is general agreement that attitudes towards the entrepreneur, entrepreneurial activity, and its social function are determinant factors for university students to decide an entrepreneurial career.This empirical study aims at assessing and comparing the attitudes of university students towards entrepreneurship and enterprise formation in Catalonia and Puerto Rico, using a sample of 837 and 435 students, respectively.Results reveal a positive entrepreneur’s image. Both samples have a favorable perception of desirability of new venture creation, although the perception of feasibility is by far not so positive and only a small percentage has the firm intention to create a new company.     

Adjustment, Stabilisation and the Analysis of the Employment Structure in Turkey: An Input- Output Approach

The aim of the paper is to examine the effects on employment of the large-scale structural adjustment programme undertaken by Turkey from the early 1980s onwards. In this respect, we particularly analyse how appropriate the choices of factor intensity after structural adjustment programme have been in the domestic production in comparison with the availability of domestic factor endowment. Our findings show that foreign trade in intermediate goods creates extra use of domestic labour, which can be considered as the labour cost of importing intermediate goods. This is the case in the majority of industries in the pre- and post-liberalisation period in Turkey. However, the capacity of using extra labour as a result of importing intermediate goods appeared to have decreased in the post-liberalisation period.     

The topography of metropolitan employment: Identifying centers of employment in a polycentric urban area

While it is well recognized that US metropolitan areas are polycentric, there is little consensus as to the appropriate method for identifying concentrations of employment within them. Existing methods suffer from strong assumptions about parametric form, misspecification, or reliance on local knowledge to calibrate model parameters. This paper introduces a new nonparametric method for identifying subcenters. Results indicate that this, more flexible, nonparametric approach yields greater accuracy with regard to both urban and suburban centers compared with other approaches. This approach should provide better data for the numerous topics that depend on the spatial accounting of employment within metropolitan areas.     

城市化进程中的产业政策选择

当前我国已进入城市化加速阶段,促进城市化水平的提高应成为制定产业政策的重要出发点.从各产业的比较劳动生产率、国际竞争力和就业吸纳能力等方面入手进行分析,筛选出了若干发展潜力大、就业吸纳能力强的行业;并指出这些行业在我国未来的城市化进程中将起到至关重要的作用,应制定相应的政策加以重点扶持.     

我国当前就业形势、成因与对策

我国当前就业形势非常严峻,城镇失业率已超过7％的警戒线,并有继续加大的趋势,其根源在于劳动力供给与需求失衡。我们应实行积极的就业政策,一方面增加劳动力需求,保持国民经济持续增长,调整经济结构;另一方面减缓劳动力供给,发展多层次教育,完善职业培训制度,建立劳动力流动的市场机制,完善社会保障制度等。     

人力资本对非农就业收入的影响——基于村庄内外的视角

利用山西省2004年3 506名农村居民的抽样调查数据,比较分析了人力资本对劳动力村内、村外非农就业收入的影响。在进行OLS估计,考虑到可能出现的选择性偏误,使用Heckman二阶段模型进行纠正后发现,无论是在村内还是在村外,受教育年数对非农就业收入均有显著的正向影响;受过职教培训与劳动力村内非农就业收入具有显著的负向关系,但其对村外非农就业收入的促进作用却十分明显;拥有技术职称在村内取得了显著的收入回报;健康对于村内非农就业收入的影响并不十分明显,但在村外,健康成为重要的影响变量。     

新历史学派、德国实践与我国医疗改革——兼论我国医疗保障改革设想

德国新历史学派是19世纪最主要的经济思想之一，其主要观点在抨击自由经济主义的同时，也为德意志帝国社会保障体系的建立提供了直接理论基础。而当今德国的医疗保障实践则是政府主导、市场参与的“混合型”医疗保障模式，这充分综合了政府和市场两种资源配置方式的优势。德国新历史学派的主要观点和德国实践经验对我国当前的医疗改革有较好的指导意义。我国医改必须重新对政府与市场在医疗保障改革中进行合理定位、明确边界，建立国家主导、市场参与的“混合型”医疗保障模式。市场化或者国家统管的医疗改革方案都是违背理论规律和历史实践的。     

美国高校教师聘任制的研究与启示

从实际操作流程、主要形式、评审考核等方面对美国高校教师聘任制进行了认真的剖析和研究,以期对我国的高校教师聘任制有所启示与借鉴。     

基于偏离度分析法的江苏省旅游就业潜力预测

当前，旅游业的就业功能受到广泛关注和普遍重视，预测和把握旅游就业潜力对促进一个国家和地区旅游业的发展乃至国民经济的发展意义重大。在借鉴已有相关研究成果的基础上，以江苏省为例，运用偏离度分析法对其旅游就业潜力进行了具体测算，以期对江苏省旅游就业工作的发展有所裨益。