农业院校促进乡镇经济发展的个案研究

在知识就是第一生产力的今天，乡镇经济的发展已不仅是地方政府、乡镇企业的责任，农业院校在履行其育人、科研功能的同时，更应该发挥其服务社会的功能，为乡镇、县域经济的发展起到巨大的带动、推进作用。文章以位于吉林市昌邑区左家镇的吉林农业科技学院为例，分析农业院校在自身发展壮大的同时对所在地方经济的促进作用，将有高等教育辐射的左家镇与没有高等教育辐射的土门岭镇在人均收入、农林牧渔各项产值等方面进行比较，用翔实、准确的数字表明：农业院校是促进乡镇经济快速发展的主力军。     

社会主义核心价值体系的文化内涵分析

在社会体制与社会结构深刻变动、思想观念深刻变化的新形势下，在思想大活跃、观念大碰撞、文化大交融的时代背景下，建设社会主义核心价值体系，具有极强的现实针对性。准确地把握社会主义核心价值体系的科学内涵及其精神实质，是建设社会主义核心价值体系的前提。对于倡导和谐理念，培育和谐精神，打牢全党全国各族人民团结奋斗的思想道德基础，具有极为重要而又深远的理论意义和实践意义。社会主义核心价值体系可以从文化内涵方面展开发掘，具体包括政治文化、思想文化、精神文化和道德文化四个层面以及与和谐文化构建的关系方面，这是研究社会主义核心价值体系的一个新视角。     

试论新制度经济学与中国体制改革的契合

中国正在经历一个制度变迁的时代。新制度经济学对中国体制改革实践有很强的解释力和指导性，它与马克思主义经济学在机理上的相通及其与中国的传统政治文化的契合促进了它在中国的进一步发展。中国正处于一个制度变迁的时代，新旧体制转轨使中国有了对新的经济制度变革理论的强烈需要。新制度经济学适应了这种需求，对中国体制改革实践有很强的解释力和指导性。新制度经济学与马克思主义政治经济学有相通之处，这有利于发展新制度经济学，也有利于中国经济理论的衔接和发展。中国的传统政治文化与新制度经济学理论的契合，既有利于新制度经济学的传播，也有利于中国体制改革的进一步发展。     

新形势下我国耕地保护的长效机制研究

耕地是人类赖以生存的物质基础，是国民经济和社会发展的宝贵资源，耕地数量的多少和质量优劣直接关系到国家粮食安全和社会稳定。因此，在新形势下，如何保护好有限的耕地资源，促进经济社会科学、合理地发展，已成为当今世界的重大课题。本文根据我国耕地减少的现实危机及原因，提出一套科学、合理的耕地保护长效机制，力求为进一步有效地保护耕地资源提供理论基础和现实途径。     

论社会主义市场经济的主要特征--从"经济事实"的角度进行理解

经济事实是理解和把握社会主义市场经济主要特征的依据.理解和把握社会主义市场经济的主要特征需考虑的主要经济事实有社会主义的本质、社会主义的基本制度、社会主义的发展阶段.社会主义市场经济的主要特征表现为发展生产力和强国富民;以公有制为主体,多种经济成分共同发展;以按劳分配为主体,多种分配方式并存,把按劳分配与按要素分配结合起来;社会公平与市场效率相结合;以市场为基础,国家宏观调控为主导;与社会主义精神文明建设相结合.     

氟化工新产品的市场前景及发展建议

本文重点论述了氟化工新品的市场状况及在工业上的应用，针对氟化工行业发展现状，提出应采取的主要措施。     

Labor taxation, public finance, and wage determination: evidence from OECD countries

This paper analyzes the relationship between unemployment, average effective labour tax rates and public spending in 17 OECD countries. The focus is on the degree of centralization and cooperation in wage setting. Estimation results from a dynamic time-series-cross-section model suggest that the countries where wage setting takes place at the firm level have used labour taxes less extensively in financing welfare spending, compared to countries with centralized or decentralized bargaining. This is consistent with another finding, according to which labour taxes distort the labour demand the least in the countries with firm level bargaining.     

The effects of transition on the distribution of income in China

Using two large samples for 1988 and 1995 we decompose the Gini coefficient of household income according to type of income with the purpose of analyzing reasons for the rapid increase of inequality. The results show that the change in relative size of money income and its changed profile are found to be the major processes behind the rapid increase of income inequality in rural China. Changes in housing allocation and an increased number of retirees in combination with higher benefits have made inequality increase in urban China and in China as a whole. JEL classification: D31, P27.     

National Income Accounting and Public Policy

Modern national income accounting was designed in the early 20th century for the purpose of providing improved indicators about the performance of the economy so that government policy makers could better control the economy. The way that performance is measured affects the types of policies used to try to accomplish policy goals. Two attributes of national income accounting are analyzed for their effects on economic policy. First, government production is included in the national income accounts at cost, rather than at market value as private sector output is measured. This biases policy toward a larger public sector. Second, output is measured as a homogeneous dollar amount. This biases policy toward focusing on increasing quantities of inputs and outputs in the production process, rather than on innovation and entrepreneurship, which are the true engines of economic progress. Economic policy could be improved by focusing less on national income as an indicator of policy, and more on the underlying processes that foster economic progress.