大跨度连续刚构桥梁静力计算分析

文章以某大跨度连续刚构桥为例,采用大型有限元计算软件建立完整的有限单元模型,对该大跨度连续刚构大桥进行了承载能力极限状态计算分析,正常使用极限状态荷载组合计算分析和施工阶段应力计算分析,得出了满意的结果。对同类桥梁计算分析有借鉴作用。     

Riding the wave: explaining cycles in urban mega-project development

This paper examines the complex mix of technological innovation, economics, social networks, ideologies and interest groups that spur the diffusion of certain new mega-project approaches at punctuated moments in time. Situating mega-projects within a context of long-range economic cycles and competitive urban entrepreneurialism on a global scale, cyclical patterns of innovation are identified, where successful early trendsetter mega-projects have stimulated interest groups to promote similar projects in their own cities. The paper concludes that the global diffusion of mega-project innovations are driven by the political and policy lure of achieving major tangible benefits, as well as the potential to convey a powerful set of symbolic messages.     

Taking superintelligence seriously: Superintelligence: Paths,dangers, strategies by Nick Bostrom (Oxford University Press, 2014)

A new book by Nick Bostrom, Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies, is reviewed. Superintelligence explores the future of artificial intelligence and related technologies and the risks they may pose to human civilization. The book ably demonstrates the potential for serious thinking aimed at the long-term future. Bostrom succeeds in arguing that the development of superintelligent machines will, if not properly managed, create catastrophic risks to humanity. The book falls short in some respects, and some sections are more compelling and novel than others. Overall, however, Bostrom’s book succeeds in demolishing the “null hypothesis” according to which the possibility and risks of superintelligence can continue to be ignored, and is a must-read for those interested in the long-term future of humanity.     

The securitization of gold and its potential impact on gold stocks

We study the market impact of a very successful financial innovation – the SPDR Gold Trust exchange-traded fund (GLD). GLD holds physical gold, and provides traders with a convenient and cost-effective way to gain exposure to gold. We find that after the introduction of GLD, the liquidity of gold company stocks declined, and their adverse-selection risk increased. Over the two-month period after GLD’s introduction, the stocks’ relative effective bid-ask spreads increased by over 15%, while their adverse-selection cost, as measured by the price impact of trades, went up by more than 30%. Gold stocks also experienced significant negative abnormal returns (−12% on average) in the month after GLD started trading. Our findings suggest that GLD attracted traders, especially uninformed traders, away from gold company stocks, and that the resulting negative demand shocks and decrease in the stocks’ liquidity caused their prices to decline. Our results show that existing securities can be seriously adversely affected when a new security enters the market.     

Deconstructing the future of management: Pharmakon,Gary Hamel and the impossibility of invention

There has been a growing tendency to argue that the practice of management must be reinvented in the future in order to energize the creative potential of employees. However, the discourse on ‘management innovation’ attributes a curious dual function to the concept of management. On the one hand, management is portrayed as the ‘toxin’ that can impede innovation. But on the other hand, management is portrayed the ‘cure’ that will heal the defects that prevents innovation. Informed by Derrida's reflection upon the dual meaning of pharmakon, a word that means both ‘remedy’ and ‘poison’, the paper engages with Hamel's popular management handbook The Future of Management. Although Hamel attempts to establish a clear-cut distinction between those principles of management that obstruct and those that facilitate innovation, one is ultimately left uncertain whether management is a cure or a poison for innovation. This ambivalence points to an underlying paradox of contemporary post-managerial thinking that is characterized by incorporating transgression into its productive logic.     

Bertrand竞争条件下质量提高型创新技术最优许可研究

基于Bertrand双寡头竞争模型,建立高质量产品生产企业与低质量产品生产企业间的创新技术许可模型,比较了固定费用、提成以及两部制三种许可方式下的许可决策。研究结果表明：（1）创新技术拥有企业不会采用固定费用许可方式进行技术转让;（2）提成许可方式下：当产品质量差异程度较小,且创新技术程度较低时,创新企业选择许可,否则不许可;当产品质量差异程度较大时,创新企业愿意进行提成许可。     

政府转型模式与转型绩效：中国经验

改革开放以来,中国政府转型采取了一种滞后于经济转型的渐进转型模式,取得了巨大的成功。通过分析转型经济政府的角色与作用,解释中国政府滞后于经济转型的渐进转型模式,有效减少地方政府“被俘获”和“竞租”风险、联结不完全计划和不完全市场、推进制度创新,从而提升转型绩效。中国经验对转型经济具有借鉴意义。     

Women groups formed in response to public video screenings on rice processing in Benin

When the Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice)¹ introduced improved parboiling technology in Benin in 2006 through farmer-to-farmer video, it enhanced women's creativity and motivation to parboil more and better the quality of rice. Their rice attracted more buyers and fetched a higher price which increased their profits and strengthened the women's social cohesion. The video motivated women to start parboiling as a group and to express group-based requests for credit and training. However, newly established women's groups in villages with strong negative experiences from the cotton sector did not last because of fear and mistrust. The video helped local non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to improve their training methods and strengthened their relations with rural communities and between the women rice processors and input and output markets. Although these NGOs responded by facilitating access to micro-finance institutions, they were unwilling to provide credit to the groups because of past bad experiences. Instead, informal credit suppliers proved more responsive. Rice producers who attended the open-air video shows at the same time as the women rice processors became more willing to sell them rice on credit. We discuss the conditions and challenges of farmer-to-farmer video in creating organizational and institutional changes among service providers and rural entrepreneurs.     

基于商业模式创新的企业能力发展研究

企业能力是企业获得和维持竞争优势的重要条件,其价值是通过商业模式体现出来的。商业模式创新需要企业能力的支持,同时也为企业能力的发展指明了方向。在企业能力与商业模式关系分析的基础上,分析了基于商业模式创新的企业能力发展方向决定机理,以及商业模式创新的不同类型对价值界定、流程管理和资源整合三种基本能力的不同要求。     

油田企业实施低成本战略的难点与对策

实施科学的低成本战略、不断提升经济效益,是我国油田企业在激烈的国际竞争中求得发展的必由之路.文章提出,国内油田企业成本管理战略的构建和实施,应在正确认识中外石油企业油气操作成本差距的基础上,充分考虑中外企业所处地理、人文和社会环境的差异,依靠管理体制机制和管理手段的创新,推动成本管理变革,提升企业国际竞争力.