技术标准与自主技术创新的探讨

分析了我国石油工业技术和技术标准与发达国家的差距,指出了石油工业发展的关键是自主技术创新,发展的目标是创新技术标准,提出了推动有效采用标准战略、参与标准制定战略的中国石油工业技术标准的发展策略。     

效率增进、技术创新与GDP增长——基于长三角15城市的实证研究

本文运用数据包络分析法(DEA)测度了1999—2005年间长江三角洲15个城市国民经济的技术效率水平和技术创新水平及其对GDP增长的贡献率,并研究了2005年各城市在产出不变的情况下达到最佳经济效率所需要调整的资本和劳动力的投入数量。文章认为提高产业技术效率,优化投入要素的组合比例,加快技术引进和技术追赶步伐是推进长三角地区GDP增长的有效途径。     

技术创新、金融市场泡沫与金融制度的适应性效率

金融市场对于技术创新的重要性是不言而喻的。但金融市场的发展不可避免地会产生泡沫。严重的泡沫会导致金融市场的崩溃,从而对经济增长造成灾难性的后果。政府对金融市场泡沫的不同干预方式又会将金融市场锁定在不同的发展路径。我们发现,政府的角色十分关键,金融市场的发展,一方面需要政府的良好执法来建立竞争性市场秩序,并降低既得利益集团对金融市场创新的阻挠;另一方面,又需要避免政府过多的行政干预所导致的对投资者权力的破坏。只有这样,才能有效地将泡沫效应转化为推动金融市场创新的原动力。     

新企业所得税法的立法精神制度创新和实施问题

《中华人民共和国企业所得税法》(以下简称“新企业所得税法”)按照科学发展观和建立现代法人税制的要求,以统一法律、公平税负、完善税制、促进发展为立法精神和指导思想,在纳税主体制度、税率制度、税基制度、税收优惠制度、反避税制度、征收管理制度等方面进行了多项制度创新。其颁布实施必将为各类企业的发展提供统一、公平、规范的税收法治环境,促进我国市场经济体制走向成熟,推动中国经济又好又快发展。     

创业导向对企业绩效影响实证分析

创业导向作为一种实现企业绩效的潜在手段,是当前创业研究的一个发展方向。创业导向不仅仅是利用机会开展创新活动,而且还包括在创新的基础上开展超前行动和积极竞争以获得竞争优势。同时创业导向的各种特性分别对创业企业绩效产生影响。以应对环境不确定性及复杂性的思维模式和行为方式,有利于企业在动荡环境中的生存与成长。     

Learning by Doing and Spillovers: Further Evidence for the Semiconductor Industry

Learning spillovers in the production of EPROMs areinvestigated. It turns out that spillovers aresignificant, even though internal learning is thepredominant source of learning. Concerning externallearning, it does not appear to particularly matterwhether this comes from domestic rivals or foreigncompanies. There is some indication that Japanesecompanies have a steeper learning curve and with somegenerations are better able to appropriate externallearning from foreigners. Intergenerational learningis pervasive, which seems to provide competitiveadvantages to first movers. It could explain thepersistence of leadership of Intel in this industryacross a series of generations. Moreover, it coulddeliver scope for policy intervention.     

医学生假期专业实践项目化运作的研究

医学生专业实践是提高学生综合素质的重要环节,也是人才培养质量提高的重要途径。结合河南省高等医学教育的现状,提出了医学生假期专业实践项目化管理的新思路。它对推进实践教学改革的进程,提升学生自主创新的能力,提高应用型专门人才的质量具有借鉴意义。     

Corporate sustainability and innovation in SMEs: Evidence of themes and activities in practice

Recently, innovation processes towards sustainable development have received increasing attention in academic literature. This research introduces the combination of insights from innovation theory, sustainable development practice and small business characteristics to unlock new knowledge on factors that influence the translation of sustainable innovation within small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) into practice. The sustainability themes and activities as described for large companies (i.e. in the sustainability reporting and management literature) were used as starting point in this study. It presents empiric results of the PRIMA Project conducted within the rubber and plastics industry (RPI) on sustainable innovation activities. It will show that many sustainable innovations are directed at the improvement of technological processes (eco‐efficiency) and to lower costs of production. These innovations can be seen as incremental. Companies with sustainability integrated in their orientation and innovation processes show value creation: the development of products new to the market (radical innovations) and cooperation with stakeholders. The PRIMA project shows that more insight in SME innovative characteristics and (e)valuation of sustainable innovation efforts provides opportunities to improve the sustainability performance of SMEs. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

Health Care Matters: Supply Chains In and Of the Health Sector

Providing health care involves a complex enterprise, and the trade‐off between quality and cost has been particularly stark compared to other industries. However, a recent focus on health sector supply networks is now producing significant innovations and improvements. This Special Topic Forum illustrates for the academic and practitioner community how health care supply chain research can benefit from our evolving understanding of supply chains and help push that understanding even further. We classify health care supply chain research into two broad categories—supply chain in health care and supply chain of health care—to set an agenda for future research.     

组织自主创新：理论观点与研究视角述评

文章认为，创新与企业家精神是知识经济时代组织发展与经济成长的重要动力。作者从组织创新理论与创造力理论相结合的角度，对组织自主创新的理论观点和研究视角进行了全面的分析与考察，探索了构建组织自主创新的理论框架，并讨论了网络经济条件下的网络化创新问题。