Credit card cash‐out as informal financing: Evidence from China

Using a proprietary account‐level database from a commercial bank in China, we document that credit card holders can ease their credit constraints through the practice of cash‐out based on bogus transactions using credit cards. We find that such behaviour might be beneficial to both cardholders and banks. First, we find that a 1% increase in the cumulative number of credit card cash‐out transactions lowers the probability of default by 9.59%. Second, for private businesses, a 1% increase in the number of abnormal cash‐out transactions lowers overdue risk by 13.45%. Third, by lowering the overdue risk, the card‐issuing bank earns a larger profit. Our results are consistent with the notion that unconventional credit card cash‐out can mitigate the extent of capital misallocation in emerging markets.     

Trade credit and supplier competition

This paper examines how competition among suppliers affects their willingness to provide trade credit financing. Trade credit extended by a supplier to a cash constrained retailer allows the latter to increase cash purchases from its other suppliers, leading to a free rider problem. A supplier that represents a smaller share of the retailer’s purchases internalizes a smaller part of the benefit from increased spending by the retailer and, as a result, extends less trade credit relative to its sales. In consequence, retailers with dispersed suppliers obtain less trade credit than those whose suppliers are more concentrated. The free rider problem is especially detrimental to a trade creditor when the free-riding suppliers are its product market competitors, leading to a negative relation between product substitutability among suppliers to a given retailer and trade credit that the former provide to the latter. We test the model using both simulated and real data. The estimated relations are consistent with the model’s predictions and are statistically and economically significant.     

Consequences of Debt Forgiveness: Strategic Default Contagion and Lender Learning

I use a unique data set of loans to small business owners to examine whether lenders face adverse consequences when they grant debt forgiveness to borrowers. I provide evidence consistent with borrowers communicating their debt forgiveness to other borrowers, who then more frequently strategically default on their own obligations. This strategic default contagion is economically large. When the lender doubles debt forgiveness, the default rate increases by 10.9% on average. Using an exogenous shock to the lender's forgiveness policy, my findings suggest that as the lender learns about the extent of borrower communication the lender tightens its debt forgiveness policy to mitigate default contagion.     

青海省社会信用体系建设现状与发展路径

党的十八届三中全会以来，青海省全面实施深化改革工作，地方社会信用体系建设步伐显著加快。但是，还需通过自上而下的统一部署和强有力的制度约束，来解决信用基础薄弱、共享平台缺失、建设合力不足和以点带面机制不健全等问题。提出建立“总体要求———任务分解———基础工作———专项示范———支撑体系”这样一种全面的制度安排，以此为深化青海省社会信用体系建设提供新的思路。     

不同利率对我国上市银行信用风险的影响

对我国16家上市银行进行的实证检验表明：3个月同业拆借利率与银行信用风险显著正相关，人民币5年期基准存款利率与银行信用风险的关系不确定，人民币1年期基准存款利率与银行信用风险显著正相关，贷款利息收入占贷款比例与银行信用风险显著负相关。     

以廉政勤政简政为指引全面提升政府公信水平

近年来,我国政府公信力建设取得了巨大的成就,但也存在政策之间的协调性和行政体制的结构矛盾十分突出、政府公共服务和信息公开不能满足民众要求等问题. 要全面提升政府公信水平,就要深化行政体制改革,建立政府信用水平评价体系,推进政府信息透明化,完善政府对自身债务的管理,积极引导网络舆情.     

不完全市场下的期权定价理论综述

由于B-S定价公式是在完全市场条件假设下推导出来的,这与现实存在很大的出路,因此后来的学者就针对市场条件状况,研究了不同市场条件下的期权定价,其中以不完全市场条件下的期权定价为主,这显然与事实更加吻合。不完全市场主要可以分为带交易费用的期权市场、存有违约风险的期权市场以及信息不完全的期权市场。文章在此基础上,分析总结了在这个市场假设条件下的研究现状,并给出了未来值得深入研究的方向:主要是进一步放松B-S定价模型的假设条件,引入更多的现实因素,深入研究不同市场状况下的期权定价问题。     

Pitfalls and perils of financial innovation: The use of CDS by corporate bond funds

We use the financial crisis of 2007–2009 as a laboratory to examine the costs and benefits of teams versus single managers in asset management. We find that when a fund uses complex trading strategies involving the use of CDS team-managed funds outperform solo-managed funds. This may be due to the greater diversity of expertise, experience and skill of teams relative to single managers. During the financial crisis, however, the performance premium of teams becomes negative, which may be because of the slower decision times of teams, which are especially costly during times of rapidly changing market conditions.     

金融中介职能、会计质量与债券违约风险——海龙短期融资券案例分析

利用案例分析方法分析了短期融资券"11海龙CP01"的发行和兑付过程,发现债券发行公司在发行债券前后均存在会计质量、公司运营以及内部治理等方面的问题,包括评级公司、承销商和会计师事务所在内的金融中介机构并未对这些问题及时披露,而这不利于信用风险市场化体系的建立,阻碍了债券市场的长期健康发展。     

Labor Unions and Forms of Corporate Liquidity

We examine how the presence of labor unions affects a firm's choice of corporate liquidity between bank lines of credit and corporate cash holdings. We find that firms in industries with higher unionization rates hold a higher fraction of corporate liquidity in the form of bank lines of credit. We divide the firms into sub‐groups and find that this positive relationship holds for firms that are not in a state with right‐to‐work legislation and for firms that are financially constrained. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that a firm chooses the forms of corporate liquidity to take advantage of the bargaining benefits associated with bank lines of credit.