刍议新会计准则中资产减值的计量

企业会计准则的制定是以市场环境为基础和前提的。在目前市场环境不完善的情况下,企业在对资产减值的计量中遇到公允价值较难确定、会计职业判断能力低下、现金流量计算误差较大等问题。在实务中,资产减值计量中所存在的不足需要通过不断健全市场机制、强化会计人员的职业培训等手段来完善。     

浅议谨慎性原则在会计中的应用

本文就谨慎性原则在会计应用中的现状及起到的作用进行了详细的论述,并提出了自己的见解。     

日元汇率变动的影响因素及走势分析

2012年2月份以来,日元大幅贬值,市场对于日元是否已进人中长期贬值通道展开了热烈讨论,日元贬值论也甚嚣尘上。文章在分析导致日元历史与近期贬值趋势的影响因素的基础上,尝试对日元汇率的未来走势进行判断,指出在当前市场环境下,日元存在短期内温和贬值的可能,但尚未发现足以推动日元中长期贬值的市场力量,目前判断日元已进人中长期贬值通道还为时尚早。     

比较优势、贸易结构与资本积累：对Mazumdar假说适用性的检验及其扩展

Mazumdar（1996）的研究认为：当一国为资本品净进口国和消费品净出口国时,资本品的进口将导致资本品价格的下降进而引致折旧率的下降,结合Solow增长模型,折旧率的下降将促使一国投资率的上升并引致资本积累。本文运用中国数据对这一假说检验后认为：该理论只适用于小国贸易模式,对于诸如中国这样的贸易大国,比较优势决定下的贸易结构完全符合Mazumdar条件,但资本品进口和消费品出口并没有对中国资本积累起到促进作用,根本原因在于这样的贸易结构往往提高了资本品一消费品的相对甚至绝对价格,并最终恶化了中国的贸易条件,使得贸易收益并不明显。本文围绕这些这些问题进行了一定层次的论证。     

人力资本投资方式对人力资本贬值的影响——以上海高校扩招为例

人力资本不舍理的投资方式会造成人力资本贬值。以上海高校扩招为例,分析其导致的人均教育资源摊薄、人才供给失衡,及由此产生的失业问题;并通过建立向量自回归模型及脉冲响应函数,考察高校在校总人数与城镇失业率之间的动态联系,可得知两者间存在着相互因果关系,高校学生总数增加对地区失业率有明显正向冲击。这说明以高校扩招为典型的人力资本投资失衡将对就业情况产生不利影响,从而降f酝士会人力资本_使用效率,造成人力资本贬值。     

浅谈企业集团中的内部折旧政策

随着市场经济的发展和股份制的日益成熟现代企业正朝着集团化的方向发展，确立适合企业集团特点的内部折旧政策，并加以规划和实施，对企业集团的发展具有重要意义。     

The economic determinants of depreciation accounting in late nineteenth-century Britain

This paper examines the economic incentives for unregulated companies, in late nineteenth-century Britain, to disclose in their published accounts the fact that they had charged depreciation. We argue that the disclosure will be positively associated with whether a company has outside shareholders and long-term debtholders, profitability, extent of depreciable assets, appointment of a professional auditor, and size. These hypotheses are tested using 150 British companies from the years 1880/81, 1889/90 and 1899/01. Our results indicate that whether depreciation was charged is related to profitability and, to a lesser extent, to the presence of outside shareholders, long-term debt holders and the appointment of a professional auditor. However, the amount of depreciation charged is related only to profitability and appears to be opportunistically determined.     

Test of the J-curve for the DR-CAFTA countries and policy implications

There is evidence of a J-curve for the Dominican Republic and lack of support for a J-curve for Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras. The trade balance responds to real depreciation positively for Costa Rica and El Salvador, negatively in the short run and positively in the long run for the Dominican Republic, negatively for Guatemala, and positively in the short run and negatively in the long run for Honduras. In response to real depreciation, the trade balance between the Dominican Republic and the U.S. adjusts from a negative to positive value very slowly.     

流通技术经济分析实践中若干偏误的研讨

重点研究了固定资产折旧方法不当和折旧过度过低、企业不合理高负债、企业无形资产流失等问题。