作业成本法下采油厂作业增值性研究

在作业成本法下,企业通过对作业进行动态分析,促进企业消除或减少不增值作业,提高增值作业效率,减少资源消耗,提高整个企业的效率和竞争力。在了解作业成本法相关理论基础上,分析了作业增值分析是作业成本法实现成本有效管理的重要环节,结合采油厂对采油厂作业各个作业中心进行了增值性分析。采油厂作业增值性分析使采油厂有效寻求本单位作业中心的增值作业,有针对性地提高增值作业效率,进而提高整个企业效率和竞争力。     

中国连锁经营发展策略研究

随着经济全球化及科技的发展,连锁经营的发展日趋多样化.但中国连锁经营仍处于发展的初级阶段,在与国外大型连锁企业的竞争中,处于明显劣势.中国连锁企业应通过兼并及并购、特许经营等方式来促进连锁经营的规模化;应该重视连锁企业信息化系统建设,不断优化、升级信息系统;通过选择良好的促销模式和广告方式来提高消费者对连锁企业品牌的认知度,促使连锁企业品牌战略的顺利实施.最终促进中国连锁企业经营在新市场环境下的发展与壮大     

关于我国连锁经营问题的思考

我国加入WTO以后流通领域的变革和发展进入了一个全新的时代,21世纪初在沿海城市和主要城中,连锁型的便利店、大型综合超市,仓储式之间的竞争日趋激烈。连锁经营以其专业化发挥规模效应和分工优势的特点,正逐渐成为世界零售业发展的主流。但与发达国家相比,我国的连锁经营目前在经营规模、管理技术、信息系统、资金等方面,还存在一定的差距,本文对我国连锁经营现状进行分析,并对其面临的问题提出相应的对策。为此,我国的连锁经营必须实现业态创新、经营创新、管理创新和技术创新。     

农民专业合作社委托—代理问题的分析——基于新型分成制度的视角

我国农民专业合作社的委托-代理问题与生俱来,它在阻碍合作社健康发展的同时,也降低了合作的效率。近年来,国内外学者对委托-代理问题进行了研究,相应地也提出了一些理论,其中机制设计理论的效用尤为突出。本文试图借鉴这一理论来研究农民专业合作社的委托-代理问题,并通过建立相应的分析模型,寻找实现激励相容的约束条件,最后提出相关的建议,即收益与成本共担的一种新型分成制度。     

Influence of industry type on the relationship between international operations and risk

Reducing strategic risk has become an issue of paramount importance to corporations. One way to reduce such risk is through international operations. However, published research reports conflicting findings on the relationship between international operations and risk reduction. In addition, the literature leaves one avenue largely unexplored, namely, industry influence. Using a sample of 367 firms, this study tests for the relationship between internationalization and risk across global and multi-domestic industries. Study findings indicate a negative relationship between risk and internationalization, indicating that firms are benefited by reduced risk through internationalization. Additionally, regression models indicate the incremental rate of benefits due to internationalization is greater in the case of global industries, compared to multi-domestic industries.     

Competition in Marketing： Survival Yardstick for Small and Medium Enterprises （SMEs） in Nigeria

The topic investigated competition in marketing as a survival yardstick for small and medium enterprises （SMEs） in Nigeria. The objectives addressed by this study were： （1） identifying different types and intensity of competition that SMEs are exposed to along the life-cycle portfolio in Nigeria; （2） quantifying the strength of SMEs vis-a-vis some foreign enterprises in terms of market competition; and （3） proffering solutions on how best they could match competitively these foreign enterprises. Relevant models and theories were employed in literature to evolve detailed analysis of issues relating to the variables used in terms of competition in marketing and survival of juice-producing SMEs. Two hypotheses were investigated through the survey of 20 prominent Ikeja based SMEs using Cluster sampling, 5-points Likert summated rating scale was adopted, while Yard＇s formula with 95% confidence level and 5% error tolerance was used. Alternative form validity of the instrument was measured at 0.63 while its reliability was measured at Cronbach＇s alpha of 0.70. Pearson＇s product-moment correlation was used in testing hypothesis 1 while standard multiple regressions were used to test hypothesis 2. Findings revealed that there was strong relationship between survival of juice-producing SMEs with forms of competition on a firm＇s life-cycle; while competition had positive effects on survival components for the enterprises. It was concluded that since competition subsists in any firm＇s life-cycle, strategies to support operations for survival must be adopted. It was recommended that operators of SMEs have to monitor and manage competition as it affects their businesses positively and/or negatively.     

基于CBE理论的高职运筹学课程改革初探——以无锡科技职业学院为例

文章以无锡科技职业学院运筹学课程改革实践为例,从教学内容模块化、理论实践一体化、教考方法多样化三个方面阐述CBE理论在高职运筹学课程改革中的应用,强调高职运筹学应以能力培养为轴心,弱化理论推理,强化实践训练,切实提高运筹学的教学质量。     

Managing safety risks in helicopter maritime operations

Nowadays, helicopters have been used in maritime transportation to serve offshore platforms. This paper outlines methodology for assessing safety risks by operating in the vicinity of helidecks. During each flight, decisions must be made regarding the events that involve interactions between the four safety risk elements – the pilot in command, the aircraft, the environment and the operation. This paper evaluates helicopter crash statistics based on region and flight phase. Data collected were used for developing methodology for computing the helicopter impact frequency into facility of interest. The analysis for helicopter impact frequency calculations is based on number of operations, crash rate, frequency, average length of flight and crash area. Furthermore, the conclusion was defined based on future measurements for helicopter accidents mitigation or reduction. The presented paper contributes to safety risk assessment in helicopter maritime operations.     

The need for a strategic approach on the railways to the management of the vehicle–track interface

Network Rail's decision in 2003 to bring track maintenance back in-house was long-overdue recognition that responsibility for safety on Britain's railways cannot be abdicated – but there was more to it than that. The accidents at Hatfield and Potter's Bar (both in Hertfordshire, UK), in particular, had exposed very vividly how privatisation had encouraged each now separated and competing part of the industry to operate in its own interests: records, data and expertise were fragmented, and track and train operators alike each sought to minimise their individual costs in isolation. This paper argues from a systems analysis perspective that, on vehicle and track maintenance at least, the overall costs to the industry are in such circumstances likely to be higher than if the various parties were to work together towards minimising total track and train maintenance costs between them. Far from increasing efficiency, privatisation had the effect of reducing it.     

A unifying view of goods and services supply chain management

Ambiguities in the constructs that are the building blocks of research may have hindered advancement of service operations knowledge/research. To alleviate this situation, the authors identify similarities and differences between goods and services to inform a view of constructs (e.g. inventory, capacity, and Bullwhip effect) that are equivalent and are of relevance to both sectors. A unifying paradigm that allows transference of ideas across the two broad sectors is proposed and illustrated with case studies.