环境税“双赢”效应及其对我国税制改革的启示——一个基于OECD国家视角的研究

环境问题在西方发达国家上百年工业化过程中分阶段出现过,而目前在我国则集中出现,我国已进入污染事故多发期和矛盾凸显期.国外环境税的征收情况、环境税在经济合作与发展组织中的“双赢”效应,对我国环境税的设计都具有一定的借鉴作用.     

高校青年管理干部队伍建设问题探讨——基于赫兹伯格的双因素理论分析

高校管理是提升高校办学水平和办学效益的重要方面，膏年管理干部是高校管理工作的骨干力量。努力建设一支高水平的管理干部队伍对于高校发展有着举足轻重的作用。针对当前高校青年管理干部中普遍存在的问题，按照赫兹伯格的双因素理论的要求。既要保证保健因素的基础性作用，更要拓展激励因素的内涵，不断激发青年管理干部的工作积极性和创造性，进而推动整个学校的健康发展。     

绿色税收作为政策工具使用的微宏观分析

绿色税收的出现是治理污染外部性的政策工具之一,它可以产生双红利的效应,包括总福利和就业双红利两类。对于绿色税收是否是较好的政策工具,包括微观和宏观两个层面,即外部性和双红利的分析。实证检验比理论推理更复杂,条件的变化会极大地影响结果,但是可以肯定绿色税收的效果是好的,虽然离预期有一定距离。     

借鉴国外经验完善我国外国税收抵免制度

本文从消除国际双重征税的方法、外国税收抵免的条件、外国税收抵免的限额等角度对中美外国税收抵免制度进行了详细比较,并指出了我国外国税收抵免制度存在的缺陷,认为应借鉴国外经验对我国的外国税收抵免制度加以完善。     

Deadly Drugs and the Doctrine of Double Effect: A Reply to Tully

In a recent contribution to this journal, Patrick Tully criticizes my view that the doctrine of double effect does not prohibit a pharmaceutical company from selling a drug that has potentially fatal side-effects and that does not treat a life-threatening condition. Tully alleges my account is too permissive and makes the doctrine irrelevant to decisions about selling harmful products. In the following paper, I respond to Tully’s objections and show that he misinterprets my position and misstates some elements of the doctrine of double effect. I also show how the doctrine constrains some decisions about marketing drugs with potentially fatal side-effects.     

双重委托代理理论与股权集中型公司治理最优化研究综述

基于双重委托代理理论模型构建的股权集中型公司治理最优化研究,试图基于双重委托代理理论模型的构建而确立一种股权集中型公司治理问题的一般分析框架,希冀解析基于一定公司治理环境及其变迁的公司治理最优化特别是股权集中型公司治理最优化这一问题的理论涵义与实践要旨,其对于丰富公司治理理论与促进公司治理实践的重要意义不言而喻.本文由此出发,对既有相关研究进行了述评,并有基于此,就基于双重委托代理理论模型构建的股权集中型公司治理最优化研究的主要内容与关键问题进行了阐述.     

Corporate Dividend Policy: The Views of British Financial Managers

Abstract:   Using a survey approach, this paper examines the importance and relevance of the various theories of dividend policy for UK companies. Further, it evaluates the extent to which corporate characteristics such as size and industry influence managerial responses to the survey. In general, the results support dividend hypotheses relating to signalling and ownership structure, in preference to those about capital structure and investment decisions and agency issues. At a more detailed level, the cross sectional analysis reveals important differences between managers' responses, based on company size, industry sector, growth opportunities, ownership structure and information asymmetry.     

A Stochastic Extension of the Miller-Modigliani Framework1

This paper deals with the problem of the financial valuation of a firm and its shares of stock with general financing policies in a partial equilibrium framework. the model assumes a time-dependent discount rate and a general stochastic environment in a discrete-time setting. the fundamental valuation approach under the assumption of risk neutrality is used to obtain the time path of share price, the number of outstanding shares, and the value of the firm. These are shown to be the unique conditional expectations of certain stochastic processes. A broad class of firms for which the solution formula yields finite-valued solutions is characterized. the results are extended to the non-risk-neutral case. A regularity condition, which is both necessary and sufficient for the share price to equal the capitalization of future dividends accruing to the share, is obtained. As a mathematical aside, it is shown in the appendix that in the absence of this condition, the so-called stream of dividends approach is meaningless in the sense that it does not yield any financial valuation.     

A Note on Green Taxes and Double Dividends

Two highly influential articlesin the literature on green taxes and double dividends are Bovenbergand de Mooij (1994) and Goulder (1995). Goulder's primary concernis whether or not green tax reforms may increase welfare definedexclusive of environmental quality, while Bovenberg and de Mooijprimarily focus on the employment effects of such reforms. Unfortunately,Goulder misinterprets Bovenberg and de Mooij's results in takingthe sign of the uncompensated wage elasticity of labour supplyas being the decisive factor for whether or not welfare exclusiveof environmental quality rises under a green tax reform. Thiserror is pointed out and corrected in this note.