Military expenditure in post-conflict societies

Post-conflict situations face a high risk of reversion to conflict. We investigate the effect of military expenditure by the government during the first decade post-conflict on the risk of reversion. We contrast two theories as to the likely effects. In one, military spending deters conflict by reducing the prospects of rebel success. In the other it acts as a signal to the rebels of government intentions. In the signalling model, low military spending signals that the government intends to adhere to the terms of the peace settlement and so reduces the risk of renewed rebellion. We investigate the effects of post-conflict military spending on the risk of conflict, using our existing models of military expenditure and of conflict risk. We find that, consistent with the signalling model, high military spending post-conflict significantly increases the risk of renewed conflict. This effect of military spending is distinctive to post-conflict period, and becomes progressively more pronounced over the decade. Received: April 2004, Accepted: December 2004, JEL Classification: H56, F35, O10     

经销关系中双边道德风险的一种契约解决机制

对于需要进行专用性资产投资或通过契约安排形成专用性资产投资的经销关系中,往往会存在双边道德风险:一是生产商敲竹杠的道德风险;二是经销商隐蔽行为的道德风险。本文通过一个简单的不完全契约安排试图解决这种双边道德风险,以取得社会最优投资,促使交易的完整进行。     

Additivity of Deflated Input–Output Tables in National Accounts

Input–output tables deflated by chained prices indices are not additive over product rows. This paper discusses the reasons and suggests a remedy. The new method proposed is based on a distinction, in concept, between ‘real value’, on the one hand, and variation in ‘volume’, on the other. The first corrects for the monetary variation of the unit of account resulting from inflation, while the latter isolates the variation of one product price relative to the other products, caused by the forces of supply and demand on each individual commodity market. An example of the resulting growth analysis is compiled for the Dutch economy between years 1990 and 2000.     

国企红利“全民分红”的改革探析

2007年央企试行国有资本经营预算制度,结束了国有企业多年来只交税收不交利润的历史。国有企业是全民共同所有的企业。因此理应向其所有者——全体人民进行分红。然而,我国现行的国有企业红利分配依然没有走出＂取之国企,用之国企＂的制度框架,全体人民并不能享有国企红利分配收益。为此,必须明确国企红利＂全民分红＂的改革方向,并采取配套措施促进＂全民分红＂的稳步推进。     

印刷专业人才培养模式改革与创新

针对目前我国印刷专业人才资源欠缺、总体综合能力较低,提出了人才培养中急需改革与创新的几个方面,即改变对印刷行业固有的偏见,牢固树立"工学结合"教学理念,积极构建"校企合作"运行机制,丰富"校企合作"实践形式,大力推进印刷专业教学改革与创新以及努力建设本专业"双师型"师资队伍。详细阐述了其各自的实践思路及做法。     

锚网索喷钢筋混凝土支护在马头门施工中的应用

玉溪煤矿进风立井马头门岩石裂隙发育,断面大,服务年限长,顶板松动圈范围大,易掉顶,成形差,采用锚网索喷一次支护和双层钢筋混凝土结构二次支护的复合支护,实施效果良好可行,值得大面积推广。     

关于“双置换”模式“普适性”的思考

成都温江区最早开始实施的"双置换",现已成为各地农地制度改革创新中学习的典范,尤其受到地方政府的青睐。但在某些地区,"双置换"制度却受到了当地农民的抵触,结果差强人意。为什么"橘生淮南则为橘,生于淮北则为枳","双置换"能否具有普适性?文章将在深入分析成都"双置换"模式的基础上,结合江苏南通地区的实施情况,将两地进行对比,从而对这个问题进行探讨,并提出建议。     

中国国际收支“双顺差”研究与思索

中国国际收支已经多年处于经常账户和资本账户的"双顺差"下,这是由我国对内对外的经济和国际贸易政策所决定的。"双顺差"在给我国带来了源源不断的外汇的同时也给我国的经济增长带来压力.反映出当前我国经济政策改革调整的必要性,产业结构调整和解决民生问题的迫切性。     

我国产业结构调整对外部财富的影响机制研究

为研究我国产业结构调整对外部财富的作用影响及其影响机制,本文从贸易传导渠道及金融传导渠道出发,建立理论模型,分析并阐述了双渠道传导下,产业结构调整影响外部财富的作用机理,同时运用时变参数状态空间模型进一步验证。研究结果表明,我国产业结构调整通过贸易传导渠道对外部财富起正向积累作用,并从金融传导渠道对外部财富进行负向削减,两者存在抵消效应。且我国第二产业产值比及第三、二产业产值比的扩大对外部财富存在区别影响。当下正处于全球产业链重构关键时期,本文期望从调整外部财富角度助力于我国产业结构的优化。     

风险投资的控制权分配与双边道德风险激励

在风险投资过程中,由于信息的不对称以及不确定因素的存在,努力的不对称性和对剩余索取权的安排使得风险投资家与创业企业家都有动机谋求私人收益,从而导致双边道德风险的形成。文章回顾了关于风险投资中双边道德风险的研究,为了克服单纯契约工具都不能完全解决风险投资中双边道德风险的问题,指出将可转换证券和控制权相机安排结合起来,可以为双方提供激励,解决风险投资中的双边道德风险问题。