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41.
Joseph C. Cooper 《Environmental and Resource Economics》1993,3(6):563-579
This paper presents a dynamic model that determines the optimal number of deer hunting permit sales, subject to the objective of maximizing the discounted economic benefits stream from both the consumptive and nonconsumptive uses of deer. This bioeconomic model integrates economic benefits estimated using the dichotomous choice contingent valuation method with biological growth constraints on deer. Using a hunting zone in California as a case study, the model found that the optimal levels of buck hunting permits sold should change on a rotational basis over time and that the current practice of not selling doe hunting permits for that zone is non optimal. 相似文献
42.
Paul H. Rubin 《Journal of Bioeconomics》2000,2(1):9-23
Several evolutionary mechanisms have been identified in the literature that would generate altruism in humans. The most powerful (except for kin selection) and most controversial is group selection, as recently analyzed by Sober & D.S. Wilson. I do not take a stand on the issue of the existence of group selection. Instead, I examine the level of human altruism that could exist if group selection were an engine of human evolution. For the Sober & Wilson mechanism to work, groups practicing altruism must grow faster than other groups. I call altruistic behavior that would lead to faster growth efficient altruism. This often consists of cooperation in a prisoner's dilemma. ltruistic acts such as helping a temporarily hungry or injured person would qualify as efficient altruism. Efficient altruism would also require monitoring recipients to avoid shirking. Utilitarianism would be an ethical system consistent with efficient altruism, but Marxism or the Rawlsian system would not. Discussions of efficient altruism also help understand intuitions about fairness. We perceive those behaviors as fair that are consistent with efficient altruism. It is important to understand that, even if humans are selected to be altruistic, the forms of altruism that might exist must be carefully considered and ircumscribed. 相似文献
43.
员工职业生涯的心理契约的动态管理 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
员工的职业生涯是一个动态的过程。在这一过程的不同阶段,员工的需求、态度、工作行为都存在着较大的差别,员工与企业之间的心理契约在内容上也会发生变化。而心理契约作为一种隐性契约,具有显著的特殊性,这种特殊性在客观上要求企业对其进行动态管理。本文从职业生涯管理的视角阐述了员工不同职业生涯阶段心理契约的特点以及如何对其进行动态管理。 相似文献
44.
Andreas Worms 《Empirica》2003,30(2):179-198
A crucial condition for the existence of a credit channel through bank loansis that monetary policy should be able to change bank loan supply. This papercontributes to the discussion on this issue by presenting empirical evidence fromdynamic panel estimations based on a dataset that comprises individual balancesheet information on all German banks. It shows that the average bank reduces itslending more sharply in reaction to a restrictive monetary policy measure the lowerits ratio of short-term interbank deposits to total assets. A dependence on its size canonly be found if explicitly controlled for this dominating effect. Overall, the evidenceis compatible with the existence of a credit channel but the results indicate that it is weakened by the network structures that exist in the German banking system. 相似文献
45.
本文根据矿区生态经济系统协调发展和演化的原理,提出合理规划、建设铜陵生态市的建议,以实现铜陵经济、社会的可持续发展。 相似文献
46.
This paper investigates the relationship between government size and economic growth and determines the optimal level of government spending to maximize economic growth. The paper applies a dynamic panel data analysis based upon a threshold model to test the threshold effect of government spending in 26 transition economies over the period spanning 1993–2016. According to the analysis results, government expenditures have a threshold effect on economic growth, and there is a non-linear relationship depicted as an Armey curve in these transition economies. The findings indicate that a government size above the threshold government spending level adversely affects economic growth, while a government size below the threshold level has a positive effect. Furthermore, there is a statistically significant relationship between the two variables above and below that optimal level, even if we divide the sample into developed and developing countries. Our findings suggest that governments in transition economies should consider optimal government size at around the estimated threshold level to support sustainable economic growth. 相似文献
47.
Oh Sang Kwon 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2006,33(4):463-483
This study extends the great fish war model of Levhari and Mirman [Levhari, D. and Mirman, L. (1980) Bell Journal of Economics 11: 322–344] by incorporating a multiple country context into the model and investigates the existence of a partial coordination
Nash equilibrium. First, findings of this paper suggest that a partial coordination scheme is sustainable only in limited
cases. Any coalition that has more than two member countries cannot be sustained. Second, the existence and the number of
coordinating countries depend critically on the magnitude of the biological and preference parameters. Finally, if the coalition
is assumed to be a dominant player, there always exist one or two welfare-improving sustainable coalitions and the size of
the sustainable coalitions depends on the parameters of the problem. 相似文献
48.
中国期货市场产生于中国由计划经济向市场经济转轨的过程中,其形成与发达国家期货市场迥然不同。随着中国经济的逐步市场化,中国经济的逐渐国际化,政府扮演的角色的重要程度势必越来越小,期货市场在市场经济中将会充分发挥其功能,成为中国市场经济体系不可或缺的组成部分。 相似文献
49.
Casey B. Mulligan 《Review of Economic Dynamics》2005,8(4):902-926
Treating public policies as computable dynamic general equilibrium model specification errors offers computational and conceptional advantages for comparing models with data. The set of policies calculated to rationalize observed behaviors raises the substantive economic question whether, in any particular market, actual public policies sufficiently coincide with the model's behavior-rationalizing policies, or whether the model offers correct hypotheses about the determinants of demand and supply. As illustrations, public policies are calculated to rationalize, with respect to the stochastic neoclassical growth model, capital market behavior since WWII and labor market behavior in 1929–1950. One conclusion is that capital taxation drives a wedge between consumption growth and the expected pre-tax capital return, in the direction and amount predicted by the theory, and that capital taxation is the major intertemporal distortion in the postwar capital market. Second, a good theory of the Great Depression labor market must explain why measured MRS and MPL diverged so dramatically in 1929–1933 and why the wedge persisted. 相似文献
50.