浅析"第三利润源"

从物流成本的结构、成本管理的意义以及物流产业的性质等方面剖析“第三利润源”,并对物流如何创造价值、增强国民经济实力进行了分析。     

在铁路货运营销中运用价格策略的探讨

价格是市场营销组合的重要因素。铁路货物运价制度运用得当与否直接关系着吸引运量的多少和使路运输企业利润的高低。并影响着运输市场营销组合的其它因素。根据营销环境的变化，灵活调整价格，科学制定价格策略，才能使企业获得最佳的经济效益。本文通过分析现行运价体系存在的问题，就如何在铁路货运营销活动中运用价格策略进行了探讨。     

Localized Innovation and Productivity Growth in Asia: An Intertemporal DEA Approach

Recent contributions to growth theory stress the importance of localized innovation for the performance of more backward countries. In earlier papers, analyses by means of DEA techniques confirmed this intuition. In this paper, we extend this type of analysis by relaxing the macroeconomic viewpoint adopted until now. New databases on output, labor and capital input in the agricultural and manufacturing sectors are developed for 40 countries. Using intertemporal DEA, it is found that changes in the global production frontier are localized at high levels of capital intensity. This result is stronger in agriculture than in manufacturing. Further, a decomposition of labor productivity growth in eight Asian countries for the period 1975–1992 into the effects of capital intensification, learning and innovation is made. The results suggest that there is a particular development path in which increases in capital intensity appear to be a prerequisite to benefit from international technology spillovers.JEL Classification: O14, O30, O40, O47     

企业物流系统的经济评价方法探析

文章通过对物流成本概念及其特性和物流成本系统化控制的分析,运用物流活动的经济评价的方法对物流系统的成本进行动态的经济评价,为企业提供物流成本控制与管理依据,以便企业能够及时准确的进行调整更有效更迅速的优化系统,使企业的物流成本大大降低,从而增强企业的竞争力。     

A General Method of Deriving the Inefficiencies of Banks from a Profit Function

This article develops a new method of estimating inefficiencies in joint production and shows that unlike the approaches utilized in the previous studies of inefficiency, this method maintains a consistent relationship between the error term of a profit function and the error terms of its price derivatives. A useful by-product of the method is a proof of a Hotelling-like lemma that relates stochastic input demand and output supply functions to stochastic profit functions. While the previous studies fit a single frontier to data on all firms, this paper estimates a frontier unique to every observed firm to allow each one to have a different potential of achieving maximal levels of profit. The new method is applied in the analysis of annual data, 1984–1989, for U.S. commercial banks. Both the analytical and numerical results of the paper show that the residual that the previous studies attribute to inefficiency includes the effects of excluded variables and of inaccuracies in the specified functional forms. Once accurate estimates of these effects are subtracted from the residual, the distortions in the measured inefficiencies should be considerably reduced. Consequently, this article considers how such estimates might be obtained.     

VE在油田开发中的应用

孤岛采油厂历经30多年的开发,已处于特高含水期产量递减阶段。由于新井产量受到自然资源和投资的限制是有限的,要减缓原油产量的递减,依靠的是大量增产措施的投入,而每项措施的实施需要耗费几万元到几十万元的费用。所以,引起开发后期油田成本上升的主要原因是油田增产措施难度加大,投入相应增加。为此,我们引入VE原理,科学实施增产措施工作量,达到了降低作业成本,提高增油效果的目的。     

基于主成份分析的江苏省各市区经济发展潜力评价

本文选取15项适当的主要经济指标构建了评价指标体系,基于主成分分析法和SPSS12.0数据处理,对江苏省13个市(区)进行了定量分析。根据各地区的综合得分以及排名评价了江苏各市区的经济发展水平同时指出了各地区社会经济发展不平衡的原因,提出相应的对策,为挖掘江苏社会经济发展的潜力提供了一定的借鉴作用。     

经济生产量模型对库存的控制

在分析需求变化的基础上修改和完善了经济批量模型,进一步研究了单项物品和多项物品的最小经济生产批量以及年最小总成本,改进了经济生产量模型。     

民间组织在区域协调发展中的功能——以天津市滨海新区为例

经济新区正在成为我国新的经济增长点,但在经济迅速发展的同时,也将产生新的问题.在经济新区建设过程中,实现科学发展、社会和谐需要创新经济社会管理服务体制.以天津滨海新区建设为例,从新区自身需要以及民间组织特点两方面论述了民间组织在区域协调发展中的功能,并在此基础上,对民间组织、政府提出了相应的对策组合,以此促进经济新区经济社会持续、健康、和谐发展.     

多主体投资对经济增长贡献的回归分析

在市场经济条件下,多种资本的联合、重组和流动是促进经济发展的重要手段之一。本文根据道格拉斯生产函数、以改革开放近20年来的国有投资、集体投资和个体投资数据为样本构造了多主体投资生产函数,并进行多主体投资对经济增长的回归分析。