教育心理学在教学实践中应用的探讨

随着教育心理学的不断发展和成熟,在实践教学中,结合心理学知识、针对不同受教育对象采取合理、高效的教学手段和方法提高教学质量成为现代教学体系关注的重中之重。本文结合笔者自身教学经历,从教学思维角度出发,以心理学教学的实际应用为主要目的,提出在实践教学过程中,教师自身的心理学知识是开展良好教育的基础,有效的心理学教学思维是教学过程中的关键因素。     

浅析产品设计中的情感付诸

情感是产品设计中不可忽略的产物,设计师必须在产品设计中付诸情感。文章探讨了情感沟通的具体内涵,揭示了以用户需求为中心,通过交互式设计来挖掘情感的相关方法,详细论述了通过注重人性化设计、形式要素以及产品功能来深化情感的若干策略。     

How Love Evolved from Sex and Gave Birth to Intelligence and Human Nature

This article argues that emotional attachment drive has shaped the evolution of human intelligence, interpersonal relationships and culture. The first section is about the evolution of social bonds and their role in the rise of intelligence. At the outset, I present evidence that desire for emotional closeness to others is a primary human instinct. Recent discoveries in neurobiology are then incorporated into a summary of the evolution of brain systems that activate emotional attachments and the vital role of parental nurture in the development of offspring's social behavior and capacity to cope with stress. The evolution of maternal behavior is discussed as a particularly important event enabling expansion of brain size and complexity and initiating a pattern of mutually enhancing co-evolution between social complexity and intelligence leading ultimately to the modern human brain. The second section examines how emotional attachment drive may have contributed to the evolution of prominent aspects of human nature and culture. It is hypothesized that the evolution of unique human mental abilities provided vast new outlets for and means of expressing emotional attachment leading to much closer and more diverse interpersonal relationships and the rise and transmission of culture. These developments were very likely important for increasing the adaptive advantages and decreasing the dangers of high intelligence. Emotional bonding between human sex partners was probably selected for because the slow maturation, complex cognitive and psychological development and culture acquisition needs of children required more parental attention for much longer periods compared to offspring of other primate species. Integration of attachment motivation and high intelligence is hypothesized to have been important in the selection of hominid species that were the immediate ancestors of modern humans.     

创业失败情境下的反事实思维研究框架构建

反事实思维帮助个体分析和解构过去以便更好理解现在,并且为未来行为和事件做准备。创业失败意味着创业实际结果与创业者预期结果或目标偏离,这种偏差能够刺激、激发创业者进行反事实思维。在综述心理学和创业领域内反事实思维研究基础上,从主、客观两方面论证创业者特征、创业失败事件与失败后反事实思维关系,并且讨论了反事实思维对创业者失败后恢复和学习的作用机制,构建理论框架基础上提出未来研究展望。"双创"背景下分析创业失败后创业者的认知和思维,有助于理解从失败中恢复和学习的机制,训练创业者从失败中学习的技巧和策略,对于创业者本人和整个社会都具有重要现实意义和价值。     

领导者情感的研究述评

领导丛林盘根错节,需要回归领导影响力的本质——领导有效性,而有效性的高低在一定程度上依赖于领导者对情感的运用。本文详细梳理了西方有关领导者情感的研究,通过介绍领导者情感的内涵、发展历程、作用模型以及其对领导者本身和下属的影响效应,让国内研究者对其有比较全面的认识,同时也发现目前西方研究所存在的空白之处:(1)领导者消极情感在什么情境下有消极作用?然后什么情境下有积极作用?(2)领导者情感的影响因素有哪些方面?(3)领导者情感临场感的实证研究非常少。本文有助于丰富领导领域的情感视角,以吸引更多研究者关注领导者情感在领导者—下属交换中所发挥的作用。     

构建员工情绪资本管理机制

每个人都有自己的情绪,而由个人所组成的企业自然也有情绪,对企业而言,情绪也是一种资本,这种资本在很大程度上决定着企业的竞争力,促进智力资本作用的发挥、决定企业的性格和企业的人性化程度.员工情绪管理机制构建的途径:重视人的复杂性,遵循以人为本的管理理念;善于运用激励机制,激发员工工作的热情;建立员工帮助计划;培训员工个体进行情绪管理的能力和完善员工情绪管理机制.     

当代大学生道德情感对道德行为的影响及应对措施

道德情感与道德行为相互作用、密不可分。道德情感是道德行为与道德认识之间的桥梁;道德情感的发展过程本身就是一种道德行为;道德情感对道德行为具有定向、激励和强化的功能。随着社会的发展,当代大学生的思想道德状况发生了变化,他们的道德情感总体上是积极向上的,但也有一些令人担忧的方面,如道德情感空洞、薄弱、不稳定等。为此,大学生自身应该加强正确世界观、人生观和价值观的培养;学校、家庭和社会应该为大学生营造出良好的道德环境,引导大学生形成优秀的道德情感,促进道德行为的发生。     

大学生网络成瘾状况及其情绪特征分析

为了解大学生网络成瘾状况并对网络成瘾大学生的情绪特征进行分析,采用Young网络成瘾诊断问卷、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表以及UCLA孤独量表对810名大学生的网络成瘾状况和情绪特征进行调查。结果发现:810名被试中网络成瘾率为6.5%;男生网络成瘾率高于女生;网络成瘾组的网络游戏和网络聊天的人数比例显著高于非网络成瘾组;在情绪特征上,网络成瘾组的抑郁、焦虑、孤独量表得分显著高于非成瘾组。提示网络成瘾大学生存在更多的情绪困扰。     

浅谈体育情感的导向

体育情感是人们对体育运动中表现出来的情感和体育运动中表现出来的情绪。在体育教学中体育情感的培养将对学生起着潜移默化、事半功倍的导向作用。本文主要采用文献资料、逻辑分析等方法进行研究,结果表明体育情感对学生意志品质、习惯培养及成功教育均具有导向作用,同时对学生的智育、品德、个性发展也起到良好的促进作用。     

Managing decision-making with certainty of threat

Several factors, such as emotion and uncertainty of the outcome, influence decision-making. We assessed decision-making during a risky event (natural hazard, focusing here on two types of volcanic threats) by manipulating the certainty of lethal threat in an information campaign. We hypothesized that the reduction of uncertainty of lethal threat in an information campaign would improve behavior through more suitable choices by reducing the use of emotional choices. In the scenario that occurred in a familiar place, participants who received information with uncertainty of lethal threat presented more emotional and comfortable choices, such as staying at home, rather than detached ones, such as leaving the area. These were either appropriate (for volcanic ash cloud) or inappropriate (for pyroclastic flow). The certainty hypothesis was partially validated, as certainty influenced the quality of choice in the scenarios that took place at home. Furthermore, participants in the volcanic disaster context presented less suitable decisions compared to those in the neutral context, which was discussed in terms of the presence of emotions, such as fear of volcanic eruption. Our results highlight the importance of controlling the comforting emotional aspect of the home environment in any information communication.