Hubristic Start-up Founders – The Neglected Bright and Inevitable Dark Manifestations of Hubristic Leadership in New Venture Creation Processes

The hubris tradition of research has been criticized for limiting its scope by associating hubris predominantly with detrimental leadership behaviours. To counteract this bias, we provide a more nuanced exploration of hubris and consider both beneficial and detrimental manifestations of hubris in start-up founders’ leadership behaviours. Our analysis, based on qualitative data from expert interviews and two case studies, indicates that, whilst hubristic start-up founders are likely to fail overall, they also excel in creating and communicating visionary scenarios, steering employees through critical situations, and extracting commitment from third parties. These under-researched ‘bright’ manifestations of hubris allow start-up founders to lead their venture towards a stage, in which their visionary power and resilience become crucial prerequisites for economic progress. Our findings extend knowledge on hubristic leadership, offer new directions for the hubris tradition of research, and open up avenues for future research with a more balanced view of hubris.     

市场经济中政府失灵的表现、成因及对策

政府干预经济存在内在的缺陷和失灵。避免和克服政府失灵,探求政府失灵的原因并采取相应对策,对我国社会主义市场经济体制的建立和完善,具有重大的理论和实践意义。     

Technology‐push,market‐demand and the missing safety‐pull: a case study of American Airlines Flight 587

Through a critical case study of the crash of American Airlines Flight 587, this paper draws upon ‘the Social Shaping of Technology’ (SST) approach to offer a reconceptualisation of the technology‐push and market‐demand model for High‐Reliably Organisations (HROs), providing support for a third factor, called here a ‘safety‐pull’. A safety‐pull is defined as organisationally supported reflexivity in which technology innovators and frontline operators collaborate to consider the potential implications of adopting new technologies in HROs and the complex ways this change may impact human operators' work performance, often in risky and unanticipated ways. In contrast to accidents occurring solely as the result of individual operator error, analysing the safety‐pull provides a way to tease out the wide range of factors that can contribute to HRO failures and offers a new SST perspective through which to examine high‐risk operations.     

我国非制造业上市公司财务失败预警模型的实证研究

财务失败预警模型在世界范围内的应用已经很广泛了,但其在我国却仍处于研究探索阶段.笔者对目前在实践中最常用的Altman非制造业上市公司财务失败预警模型(Z3模型)在我国上市公司中的应用进行了实证研究,并对其研究过程及结果进行了分析、总结和评价,最后根据其在我国的实际应用中所存在的问题提出了一些修改建议并通过具体的实例研究对修改结果做了进一步的验证。     

数据要素化对城市创业活跃度的影响研究

随着我国城市化进程的加速,城市创业在经济发展和社会变革中起着越来越重要的作用。与此同时,我国进入数字经济时代,数据成为关键生产要素。鉴于此,值得关注的是数据要素化如何影响城市创业活跃度,为了回答这一重大理论和现实问题,本文探究了数据要素化赋能城市创业活跃度发展的理论及其背后的作用机制。在理论方面,依托数据要素化的经济特性和相关经济理论,运用归纳演绎方法,提炼出数据要素化影响城市创业活跃度的作用机制。在实证方面,基于2013-2023 年中国191 个地级及以上城市的面板数据,运用中介效应模型、计量多元回归模型等实证检验了数据要素化对城市创业活跃度的影响及作用机制。结果表明：（1）数据要素化发展水平显著促进了城市创业活跃度的提升,并对其进行了稳健性检验,该结论仍然成立。（2）降低金融约束和提升市场化程度是数据要素化赋能创业活跃度的重要机制。（3）数据要素化对城市创业活跃度的影响存在着区域差异性。     

外语教学中语用能力的培养

外语教学的目的是培养学生的交际能力,交际能力的培养要通过语用能力来体现。针对学生语用能力滞后于语言能力的现状,阐明了外语教学中语用能力培养的重要性,并对如何培养语用能力进行了探讨。     

When is Effort Contagious in New Venture Management Teams? Understanding the Contingencies of Social Motivation Theory

Consistent with social motivation theory, prior research on managerial motivation suggests that effort is contagious across management team members. In this study, we draw on belongingness theory to develop a model on important boundary conditions to social motivation theory in the management team context. The model predicts that new venture managers react to their teammates’ higher effort levels by investing higher effort levels themselves primarily when they are confronted with a threat – namely, low venture performance and high environmental hostility – but that effort is less contagious when managers face little threat. We test our model with a sample of 103 new venture managers nested in 51 management teams in a longitudinal setting capturing managerial effort over 26 weeks. While we do not find a direct relationship between teammates’ effort and a new venture manager’s subsequent effort, we find support for the crucial role of threat in triggering the contagion of managerial effort. We discuss the contributions of our study for research on management teams, performance feedback, and entrepreneurial effort in new ventures.     

电网故障模型中贝叶斯网络和DS证据理论的应用

由于电网的复杂性和多变性,导致电网故障中存在信息不确定性问题,这就需要依靠贝叶斯网络和DS证据理论的自动生成方法。文章主要描述了这两种方法的原理,讨论了贝叶斯网络和DS证据理论在电网故障模型领域应用的可能方式和情况,并运用一些实例证明了这种方法的可靠性。     

Licensing policies for a new product

This paper studies licensing policies for the owner of a new product and addresses their welfare impact in the assessment of market failures. We show that the best licensing policy for the patent holder is fixed fee licensing with an exclusive territory clause. Consumers are also better off with fixed fees but do not prefer the exclusive territory clause. Social welfare is higher under exclusive territories when fixed costs are not too large. As for efficiency, the number of licences in the private market equilibrium falls short of the socially optimal solution. Our analysis discloses that (i) any policy measures aimed at enhancing the diffusion of technology, in terms of the number of licences, would be welcomed and, (ii) the permissive treatment received by licensing agreements with exclusive territories is justified.     

芯钢管混凝土节点的芯管壁厚与节点承载力关系的数值分析

对一种已经通过试验研究的钢管混凝土结构的新型节点进行数值分析。这种节点将钢管混凝土柱的钢管在节点区间断,在节点区设置芯钢管,使梁中的纵筋在节点中直通、梁与节点区混凝土成为一体可靠的传递梁中的弯矩、剪力及轴力。本文利用数值分析弥补模型试验数量少的缺陷。选择不同芯钢管壁厚的节点模型进行非线性有限元分析,得出芯钢管壁厚对节点承载力的影响规律。分析结果表明芯钢管壁厚是影响节点承载力的主要因素之一。