社会资本对创业风险影响的分类解析

创业风险是创业者不得不面对而且必须解决的一个关键问题。本文在总结当前关于创业风险分类的研究成果基础上,按照创业要素风险分类体系,分别研究了社会资本对机会风险、资源风险、主体风险、环境风险与行为风险的影响。通过对社会资本在各种创业风险中影响作用的分析,本文得到以下结论：社会资本的规范、信任与网络都能从各自角度弱化创业活动中的机会风险、环境风险与行为风险产生的不利影响;而创业活动中的资源风险与主体风险的调节,则主要通过社会资本中的网络来完成。     

对我国高校实行党委领导下的校长负责制的解读

党委领导下的校长负责制是党和国家对高校多年管理体制发展经验的科学总结。从我国具体国情和政治学角度来解读,坚持这一领导体制对于巩固执政党地位和构建社会主义和谐社会有着重大意义。从管理学角度来解读,必须坚持与时俱进的创新精神,在实践操作中进一步完善和创新这一领导体制。     

企业公仆型领导与下属反生产行为关系的实证研究

自从公仆型领导(servant leadership)由Greenleaf(1977)提出后,逐渐成为领导学研究中的前沿研究领域,为研究领导有效性问题提供全新视角,但国内学术界有关公仆型领导的研究文献却凤毛麟角,特别是实证研究极其少见。本研究探讨公仆型领导对下属反生产行为的作用机制,并引入领导-下属关系质量作为二者的中介变量,下属工作丰富度作为调节变量,研究课题具有一定的前瞻性。通过对长沙、深圳、北京、广州这四个城市的一些企业进行调查,收集273份有效问卷,使用SPSS 17.0和AMOS 7.0统计软件,通过基本描述性统计、信度分析、相关分析、回归分析结构方程模型等,主要研究结论有:(1)公仆型领导与下属反生产行为显著负相关,公仆型领导对下属反生产行为有显著预测作用;(2)领导-下属关系质量在公仆型领导与下属反生产行为之间存在着中介作用。(3)下属工作丰富度在公仆型领导与下属反生产行为之间并不存在着调节作用。     

创业中的变革型领导对组织公民行为的影响:组织承诺的中介作用

现有研究发现,变革型领导方式能有效促进组织公民行为的发生,但对两者间影响机制和中介变量的研究还未有定论.基于此,本文以创业企业为研究对象,研究创业中的变革型领导与组织公民行为之间的关系,尤其关注员工组织承诺在其中的中介作用.通过结构方程模型研究发现:创业中的变革型领导方式与组织公民行为是正相关关系,而且员工组织承诺在两者间起部分中介作用.研究告诉创业者,除了自身通过变革型领导方式来直接唤起组织公民行为的发生,还需通过更多的互动和交换来编织员工与组织间的心理纽带,提升员工组织承诺的强度,由此促使员工外化为具体的工作投入,即组织公民行为.研究的理论贡献在于,挖掘了领导方式-员工心理活动-员工工作活动之间的互动关系.     

坚持还是放弃：失败恐惧的认知效应及其对创业坚持的影响

基于情绪认知评价理论,从情绪和认知两个视角分析失败恐惧对创业坚持的影响与边界条件。通过对316名创业者的问卷调查发现：创业失败恐惧对创业坚持行为具有负向影响;自我效能感在失败恐惧和创业坚持之间发挥中介作用;成长型思维调节失败恐惧对自我效能感的负向影响,成长型思维通过降低失败恐惧对自我效能感的负向作用来促进创业坚持行为。依据“情感—认知—行为”的逻辑从创业者的情绪和认知视角综合分析失败恐惧对创业坚持的影响,既为创业者中途退出创业活动提供解释思路和理论洞见,也为全面理解创业坚持行为提供理论指导。     

基于西方领导学视角下的权变理论

20世纪60年代以来,西方学者对权变理论进行大量的研究,在领导学的视角下对权变理论进行阐述分析,在对菲德勒的有效领导的权变模型、豪斯的路径-目标理论、赫西和布兰查德的情境领导理论的分析比较基础之上,进一步提出现代领导者在领导活动中应如何树立权变意识、掌握正确的领导方式.     

大健康产业视野下基于基地建设的医药创业人才培养模式研究

近年来“大中药”、“大健康”中医药产业化方面取得了卓越的成绩,为加速健康产业发展注入强心剂,也将对高等医药院校人才培养模式产生深刻影响。高等医药院校应借助国家大力发展健康服务业的契机,突破传统人才培养模式,结合校情,逐步完善跨专业、跨学科、研究与开发应用结合,产学研结合,校内外结合的创新创业复合型人才培养模式,输送求创新、能创业的医药高级人才,解决就业问题的同时,促进医药产业发展。     

A new innovation paradigm: European cohesion policy and the retreat of public science in countries in Europe's scientific periphery

This article seeks to undertake a critical assessment of the changing position of public science in the entrepreneurial ecosystem of the countries on the periphery of European research. These countries are driven by new innovation paradigm based on entrepreneurship, which are implemented within the European Smart specialization strategy (S3). This article argues that S3 is widely implemented in the cohesion countries and, while it provides substantial resources for science, technology, and innovation, it fails to provide sustainability in the public research sector. This has direct implications for policies concerning innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystems. In order to prove the thesis, the article provides theoretical argumentation for emergence of a new innovation paradigm, driven by the rise of the entrepreneurial ecosystem, its incorporation into S3, and a consequent retreat of science policy in favor of entrepreneurial policy. The empirical analysis is focused on the funding trends seen in the business and public research sectors over the last decade (2008–2017), which have clearly shown that S3 has not contributed, despite expectations, to an increase in public expenditure for science. This signifies S3's neglect of public research within entrepreneurial ecosystems and challenges the ability of S3 to reduce wide disparities in research and innovation performance across the European Union. This ultimately endangers the innovation potential of the entrepreneurial ecosystem itself.     

Entrepreneurial ecosystems

International business fundamentally is about creating an ecosystem environment conducive to entrepreneurship. This means fostering actions and behavior that provide a systemic interaction with multiple entities. In this editorial for the special journal issue, the historical background and origins of the entrepreneurial ecosystem concept is discussed with the view to connected different strands of literature. This provides an optimal way to understand the way entrepreneurship develops through an ecosystem logic. The theoretical perspectives for understanding entrepreneurial ecosystems are discussed that lead to a discussion on each of the articles included in the special journal issue. Themes emerging from these articles are then stated that include a focus on value co‐creation, stakeholder collaboration and entrepreneurial networks. This enables a holistic way to understand the linkages international business has with entrepreneurial ecosystems.     

Digital sport entrepreneurial ecosystems

The entrepreneurial ecosystems literature has increasingly explored network relationships between different stakeholders, as well as the role of context. This article addresses the challenge of including a sport context in the entrepreneurial ecosystem literature thereby contributing to the sport entrepreneurship literature by bringing insights from entrepreneurship ecosystem research. In‐depth interviews of football stakeholders in the sport entrepreneurship ecosystem are conducted in terms of understanding the emergence of digital sport start‐ups. The issues raised help explore the changing nature of digital entrepreneurial ecosystems to take into account new sport technological advances. Mixed embeddedness theory is used as the conceptual foundation to understand sport digital entrepreneurial ecosystems. Key management practices are identified in terms of sport start‐ups participating in entrepreneurial ecosystems. The article concludes by making suggestions for future research.