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41.
党在批评与自我批评的优良作风建设方面,已形成了一系列成功的经验:始终坚持目的性与标准性的统一、民主化与求是化的统一、制度化与示范化的统一、科学化与艺术化的统一、继承性与发展性的统一。认真总结这些历史经验,能够确保党的各项事业的健康发展。 相似文献
42.
In recent public administration literature, much attention is paid to changes in public service values, including ethical
values, that guide public service. This paper reports on the results of an empirical survey conducted among a group of Turkish
governors and district governors (including those in service and retired) who are from different generations. By focusing
on the transformation of value preferences of Turkish governors and district governors, this study tries to identify variations
in values, particularly about public service ethics, in accordance with the age and the length of tenure in public service.
The findings of the research show a traditional and more or less consistent value pattern for Turkish governors and district
governors. The most important public service values expressed by the respondents are consistent with often-mentioned crucial
public service values in the literature. New or emerging values have not been present enough among the most important public
service values. In brief, the results do not lend support to the often-assumed hypothesis that traditional public service
values are devaluated or degraded by the emergence of businesslike values. In other words, new emerging values could not sneak
into the public service culture in any convincing manner in spite of many years of NPM rhetoric and recipes. 相似文献
43.
Based on a survey of 237 managers in Singapore, three measures of organizational ethics (namely, top management support for ethical behavior, the organization's ethical climate, and the association between ethical behavior and career success) are found to be associated with job satisfaction. The link between organizational ethics and job satisfaction is argued from Viswesvaran et al.'s (1998) organizational justice and cognitive dissonance theories. The findings imply that organizational leaders can favorably influence organizational outcomes by engaging in, supporting and rewarding ethical behavior. 相似文献
44.
The Moderating Effect of Individuals' Perceptions of Ethical Work Climate on Ethical Judgments and Behavioral Intentions 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Dimensions of the ethical work climate, as conceptualized by Victor and Cullen (1988), are potentially important influences on individual ethical decision-making in the organizational context. The present study examined the direct and indirect effects of individuals' perceptions of work climate on their ethical judgments and behavioral intentions regarding an ethical dilemma. A national sample of marketers was surveyed in a scenario-based research study. The results indicated that, although perceived climate dimensions did not have a direct effect on behavioral intentions, there were significant moderating effects. Climates perceived as emphasizing social responsibility and rules/codes moderated the individual ethical judgment-behavioral intentions relationship such that individuals were less likely to say that they would engage in a questionable selling practice even when they themselves did not believe the practice to be unethical. Respondents were somewhat more likely to form intentions consistent with their judgment that the questionable practice was morally acceptable when the ethical climate was characterized by an emphasis on team/friendship. 相似文献
45.
Yoav Vardi 《Journal of Business Ethics》2001,29(4):325-337
Questionnaire data obtained from 97 supervisory and nonsupervisory employees representing the Production, Production Services, Marketing, and Administration departments of an Israeli metal production plant were used to test the relationship between selected personal and organizational attributes and work related misbehavior. Following Vardi and Wiener's (1996) framework, Organizational Misbehavior (OMB) was defined as intentional acts that violate formal core organizational rules. We found that there was a significant negative relationship between Organizational Climate and OMB, and between the Organizational Climate dimensions (Warmth and Support, and Reward), and OMB. Also, the activities of misbehavior reported by both managers and employees were negatively related to the Rules, Instrumental and Caring dimensions of Ethical Climates as defined by Victor and Cullen (1988). 相似文献
46.
We develop and test an integrative model that examines the fit between compensation schemes, executives' characteristics, and situational factors. We propose that a fit among all three factors is crucial to motivate desirable managerial behaviors. Using a specially designed management simulation, our study demonstrates that the effectiveness of incentive compensation to motivate managerial behaviors depends on executives' core self-evaluation and firm performance. Our results show that, relative to fixed salary compensation, executives with higher core self-evaluation respond to incentive compensation with greater perseverance, competitive strategy focus, ethical behavior, and strategic risk taking during organizational decline. However, these interaction effects are not present during organizational growth. Our theory and empirical evidence provide significant insights into the complex relationships among compensation schemes, executives' characteristics, firm performance, and managerial behaviors. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
47.
48.
Angeles Fernandez-Izquierdo Juan Carlos Matallin-Saez 《Journal of Business Ethics》2008,81(2):247-260
There is currently much debate in the economic literature about whether ethical investment involves a financial sacrifice
or premium. One of the most common methods of testing this compares the financial performance of ethical investment funds
with that of other funds not considered “socially responsible” or ethical. The majority of these research studies evaluate
the performance of the ethical funds according to classic measures, whereby different financial markets, in different countries
and for different periods of time serve as reference for evaluation. The ultimate conclusion of all of these studies is that
there are no significant differences between the performance results of one type of funds and the other. In Spain, ethical
investment funds are still an incipient sector of investment. To date, the Spanish market has not been included in any type
of analysis of these characteristics. Therefore the main objective of this article is to compare the financial performance
of ethical investment funds to that of other funds in the Spanish retail market. We propose the aggregate type of analysis
as the Spanish ethical investment funds have experienced a weaker development in comparison to those of other developed countries.
In the first step we suggest the financial performance to be compared by style analysis since the asset distribution of the
Spanish Social Return Investment (SRI) funds differs from the European trend. In particular, we use the multifactor regression
model with style benchmarks. We found that their financial performance is in all cases superior or similar to that achieved
by the rest of the funds. In the second step, to achieve a more robust and homogeneous comparison, we used the bootstrap method,
comparing ethical and non-ethical fund subsamples by homogeneous groups. No significant differences between these two types
of funds have been found. Thus, if we assume the positive o neutral effect of ethical investment on investor utility in the
retail Spanish market the financial and social performance (FSP) of ethical funds will be, in aggregate, superior to the FSP
achieved by conventional funds. In conclusion, the financial performance of ethical mutual funds in Spain is no sacrifice. 相似文献
49.
Nearly all studies of consumers’ willingness to engage in ethical or socially responsible purchasing behavior is based on
unconstrained survey response methods. In the present article we ask the question of how well does asking consumers the extent
to which they care about a specific social or ethical issue relate to how they would behave in a more constrained environment
where there is no socially acceptable response. The results of a comparison between traditional survey questions of “intention
to purchase” and estimates of individuals willingness-to-pay for social attributes in products reveal that simple survey questions
are too “noisy” to provide operationally meaningful information and overstate intentions to a considerable extent.
Pat Auger is Associate Professor at the Melbourne Business School. Timothy M. Devinney is Professor and Professorial Research
Fellow at the Australian Graduate School of Management. 相似文献
50.
Vincent Di Lorenzo 《Journal of Business Ethics》2007,71(3):275-299
The Principles of Corporate Governance require that business conduct conform to the law. In recent years, news reports of
business misconduct have cast doubt on a conclusion that conformity is the prevalent practice. This article explores the influence
of law on business conduct by comparing the law’s requirements and purposes with actual business conduct in the market. Specifically,
it explores whether certain legal regimes are more effective than others in inducing greater commitment to legal compliance
by corporate actors. The conclusion drawn is that the prevalent legal regime – a vague common law or legislative mandate –
is typically associated with corporate conduct that evades or ignores the law’s mandate or its underlying purpose.
Vincent Di Lorenzo is Professor of Law; Senior Fellow, Vincentian Center for Church and Society, St. John's University; J.D.
Columbia University (Harlan Fiske Stone Scholar); Associate Articles Editor, Columbia Journal of Law and Social Problems.
Before joining the faculty at St. John's University School of Law, Professor Di Lorenzo was a member of the faculty at The
Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, and was associated with a major Wall Street firm practicing in the real estate-banking
department. He is a member of the American Bar Association and the New York State Bar Association. Professor Di Lorenzo has
authored many articles and books in the banking, legislation and real estate areas. 相似文献