论我国商业银行中间业务的发展

随着全球一体化不断深化,中间业务迅速发展,并已成为世界各国银行扩大收入、分散风险的主要手段.由于我国商业银行盈利模式单调,在国际竞争中常处于不利位置.本文主要从中间业务自身特点出发,论述中间业务的发展对我国商业银行的重要性,初步勾画出发展中间业务的总体思路,试图为我国商业银行寻找新的盈利增长点.     

Joint-Product Export Smuggling and Export Tax Policy

The effect of smuggling on tax revenue collection and the revenue-maximizing tax rate is an unresolved issue in the smuggling literature. Clandestine and joint-product smuggling models arrive at different conclusions concerning smuggling's effect on tax revenue collection and the revenue-maximizing tax rate. Clandestine (joint-product) smuggling is consistent with the assumption that legal and illegal trade are substitutable (complementary) activities for the exporting firm. The effect of smuggling on the tax rate and tax revenue is shown to be dependent on whether smuggling and legal trade are assumed to be complementary or substitutable activities.     

产业集群的竞争优势分析

产业集群是现代经济中重要的产业空间组织形式,表现出强劲、持续的竞争优势,引起了众多学者的关注并从不同角度对其加以分析和概括。本文先对产业集群的概念和基本特征作了简单介绍,然后对产业集群的竞争优势进行了较为详尽的分析。本文认为,产业集群的竞争优势主要体现在以下几个方面:资源集聚优势、资本利用效率优势、交易成本优势、学习创新优势、范围经济优势、外部经济优势和区位品牌优势。     

Two polar cases of dynamic stability: voluntary exchange and income redistribution

Summary. It is known that when voluntary exchange is permitted at disequilibrium, dynamic stability may fail because of lack of liquidity. In this paper it is shown that when the economy runs out of liquidity dynamic stability can still be restored by means of a planning procedure of redistributing personal incomes.Received: 30 May 2003, Revised: 20 January 2005, JEL Classification Numbers: D01, D50.I wish to thank a referee for helpful comments.     

CLOSED-FORM SOLUTIONS FOR OPTIMAL PORTFOLIO SELECTION WITH STOCHASTIC INTEREST RATE AND INVESTMENT CONSTRAINTS

We examine the portfolio choice problem of an investor with constant relative risk aversion in a financial market with partially hedgeable interest rate risk. The individual shadow price of the portfolio constraint is characterized as the solution of a new backward equation involving Malliavin derivatives. A generalization of this equation is studied and solved in explicit form. This result, applied to our financial model, yields closed-form solutions for the shadow price and the optimal portfolio. The effects of parameters such as risk aversion, interest rate volatility, investment horizon, and tightness of the constraint are examined. Applications of our method to a monetary economy with inflation risk and to an international setting with currency risk are also provided.     

论适度保护关税税率

面对日益加速的经济全球化进程,各国仍然在普遍使用关税措施来保护本国产业的发展.在这方面,发展中国家需要解决的问题是设定一个适度的保护关税税率,以让国内产业既有生存和发展的空间,同时又有足够的竞争压力来提高效率.根据国内与国际平均生产成本的差异来确定保护关税的税率是一个可行的办法.进一步削减关税是我国加入WTO后需要承担的义务,应当按照适度保护关税的原则把平均关税的税率稳定在一个合理的水平上,并根据国内不同产业的发展状况,提供必要而有效的保护.     

A Parimutuel Market Microstructure for Contingent Claims

Parimutuel principles are widely used as an alternative to fixed odds gambling in which a bookmaker acts as a dealer by quoting fixed rates of return on specified wagers. A parimutuel game is conducted as a call auction in which odds are allowed to fluctuate during the betting period until the betting period is closed or the auction ‘called’. The prices or odds of wagers are set based upon the relative amounts wagered on each risky outcome. In financial microstructure terms, trading under parimutuel principles is characterised by (1) call auction, non‐continuous trading; (2) riskless funding of claim payouts using the amounts paid for all of the claims during the auction; (3) special equilibrium pricing conditions requiring the relative prices of contingent claims equal the relative aggregate amounts wagered on such claims; (4) endogenous determination of unique state prices; and (5) higher efficiency. Recently, a number of large investment banks have adopted a parimutuel mechanism for offering contingent claims on various economic indices, such as the US Nonfarm payroll report and Eurozone Harmonised inflation. Our paper shows how the market microstructure incorporating parimutuel principles for contingent claims which allows for notional transactions, limit orders, and bundling of claims across states is constructed. We prove the existence of a unique price equilibrium for such a market and suggest an algorithm for computing the equilibrium. We also suggest that for a broad class of contingent claims, that the parimutuel microstructure recently deployed offers many advantages over the dominant dealer and exchange continuous time mechanisms.     

《西方经济学》宏观部分若干概念错误与纠正——与厉以宁、朱善利、章铮等商榷

文章阐述了宏观经济学中几个重要的基本概念,指出了厉以宁先生主编的《西方经济学》一书中的几处基本概念表述的错误,并进一步作了纠正,欲与作者商榷。     

面对WTO冲击的货币政策调控

加入WTO后 ,我国货币政策面临的问题 ,一方面是国内金融机制还很不健全 ,另一方面是国际金融风险更容易波及我国 ,这对中央银行的监管形成了一个全新的挑战。为了更好地实现货币政策的效果 ,相关各方面进行的改革及采取的措施 ,应力求在成本最小化下的前提下 ,发挥货币政策对经济增长的促进作用。     

小额信贷业务的偏差与规范

小额信贷在当前遭遇了发展困境，贷款余额逐年下降，究其原因在于小额信贷发展过程中出现了嫌贫爱富、期限偏短、扭曲运行这三大偏差，为保证小额信贷的健康发展，亟需还原小额信贷的本来特性，对运作细节进行调整，摆正政府的位置。