我国耕地保护政策研究：基于背景、效果与未来趋势

［目的］我国耕地保护政策对保护耕地、保障粮食安全具有重要意义。研究我国耕地保护政策出台的背景及前后关系、相同政策在不同区域内的执行效果差异,能够为更针对性地提出政策建议提供参考。［方法］主要运用了资料分析和定性描述的方法,首先按照耕地保护政策内涵划分为5个阶段,其次从时间、空间两个尺度,判断了耕地保护政策的数量、质量保护效果差异,最后提出了未来政策出台的方向和趋势。［结果］时间尺度上：1986年、1997年、2004年出台的政策对耕地数量保护的成效明显; 2014—2016年耕地质量保护效果略优于2009—2014年; 目前数量保护成效较好,但质量保护远未达到要求。空间尺度上：耕地数量保护效果西部地区最好,东北地区次之,中部地区优于东部地区; 耕地质量保护效果中部地区最佳,东北地区次之,东部地区优于西部地区。［结论］未来政策可向规范补充耕地全国统筹、完善耕地质量保护法律体系、调动农户保护耕地积极性等方向发展。     

我国企业战略执行力问题探讨

战略执行力是执行企业既定战略并实现战略目标的能力,其强弱决定着企业的成败。分析了我国企业战略执行力的现状及其成因,在此基础上提出了提升我国战略执行力的途径。     

核电工程设备供应合同执行管理的研究与应用——点价值系统

本文对核电工程设备供应合同执行管理全周期的工作内容进行分析、归纳和总结,将合同执行管理工作划分为5个业务模块、26个作业单元、92个典型活动和489个标准动作;在此基础上,根据已有工程经验,确定了每个标准动作的基准点价值,通过逐级累加和系数修正,得到不同采购包在不同阶段及整个项目的合同执行管理点价值数,进而计算出在建核电工程已发生合同执行管理人力成本;同时,根据赢得值分析合同执行的状态,计算各种监控指标,提高合同执行进度和成本的计划性、预见性和规范性。     

建立和完善企业规章制度 促进企业和谐稳定发展

依法建立和完善劳动规章制度,是保证用人单位各项工作顺利进行的必要措施。文章以广西柳州钢铁（集团）公司钢星公司为例,分析了用规章制度规范企业与员工的劳动行为,维护企业和谐稳定的具体措施。     

A TEST OF A GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM STOCK OPTION PRICING MODEL

An empirical version of the Cox, Ingersoll, and Ross (1985a) call option pricing model is derived, assuming execution price uncertainty in the options market. the pricing restrictions come in the form of moment conditions in the option pricing error. These can be estimated and tested using a version of the method of simulated moments (MSM). Simulation estimates, obtained by discretely approximating the risk-neutral processes of the underlying stock price and the interest rate, are substituted for analytically unknown call prices. the asymptotics and other aspects of the MSM estimator are discussed. the model is tested on transaction prices at 15-minute intervals. It substantially outperforms the Black-Scholes model. the empirical success of the Cox-Ingersoll-Ross model implies that the continuous-time interest rate implicit in synchronous transaction quotes of 90-day Treasury-bill futures contracts is an-albeit noisy-proxy for the instantaneous volatility on common stock. the process of the instantaneous volatility is found to be close to nonstationary. It is well approximated by a heteroskedastic unit-root process. With this approximation, the Cox-Ingersoll-Ross model only slightly overprices long-maturity options.     

Rethinking ‘Top‐Down’ and ‘Bottom‐Up’ Roles of Top and Middle Managers in Organizational Change: Implications for Employee Support

In this study we integrate insights from ‘top‐down’ and ‘bottom‐up’ traditions in organizational change research to understand employees’ varying dispositions to support change. We distinguish between change initiation and change execution roles and identify four possible role configurations in which top managers (TMs) and middle managers (MMs) can feature in change. We contend that both TMs and MMs can play change initiation and/or change execution roles, TMs and MMs have different strengths and limitations for taking on different change roles, and their relative strengths and limitations are compounded or attenuated based on the specific configuration of change roles. We subsequently hypothesize employee support for change in relation to different TM‐MM change role configurations. Our findings show that change initiated by TMs does not engender above‐average level of employee support. However, change initiated by MMs engenders above‐average level of employee support, and even more so, if TMs handle the change execution.     

BSC——提升企业战略执行力

企业战略管理包含战略制定和战略执行两个方面。战略正确并不能保证一个企业取得成功,而成功的企业一定是具备了正确的战略和卓越的战略执行力。随着企业战略管理在我国实践的不断深入,如何提升企业的战略执行力越来越为中国企业界所重视。平衡计分卡(BSC)是一个划时代的战略管理和战略部署工具。它不仅提出了一项企业战略,而且在该战略的开发和实施中,能有效的调动和调整各种管理要素,通过积极的平衡创造一种增量保障能力,保障企业战略的有效实施和落实,提升战略执行力。     

Why Do Traders Split Orders?

We examine factors that influence decisions by U.S. equity traders to execute a string of orders, in the same stock, in the same direction, around the same time. Order splitting is more likely to occur when traders submit larger‐size orders and when market depth and trading activity are lower. Order splitters demand liquidity more and pay higher trading costs, but their overall performance is better. When controlling for execution time, split orders are more informative than single orders. Our results suggest that order splitting arises from a variety of factors, including informational differences, order and trader characteristics, and market conditions.     

基于复合战略控制系统的战略执行力研究

从控制理论的角度对战略控制系统与战略执行力的关系、传统战略控制系统进行了分析,在此基础上构建了基于复合战略控制系统的战略执行流程,为提高战略执行力提供了一种新思路。     

质量行政执法办案“八忌”

针对基层执法活动,结合技监行政案办理程序,总结提出行政执法办案“八忌”。