中国跨境电子商务发展现状及对策

跨境电子商务正在颠覆传统的进出口模式,将成为未来我国对外贸易新的增长点。其产生和发展得益于经济发展需要、消费者选择、企业偏好和政府鼓励等四方面的有利条件,同时也存在物流、支付、信用体系和争端解决机制、通关手续、法律和监管等方面的问题。我国推动跨境电子商务健康发展,需要从如下几方面着手实施:整合第三方物流资源、适当建设海外仓储和利用海外第三方仓储解决物流问题;大力扶持第三方支付机构开展跨境支付业务,并通过第三方支付机构加强对跨境电子商务交易的监管;构建第三方信用中介体系,政府积极参与国际协商并建立争端解决机制;创新海关监管模式,探索无纸通关和无纸征税措施;做好市场调研,优化客户服务。     

基于技术含量的进出口商品贸易条件的影响因素研究

随着技术创新在对外贸易领域的作用日渐突出,出口商品的技术含量对一国贸易比较优势的转变、对外贸易的转型及商品外部竞争力的提高越发重要.基于此,本文以商品显示技术附加值作为判别技术含量差异的方式,对进出口商品进行分类并测算其贸易条件指数,借助分位数回归模型分析不同因素对各分类商品贸易条件的影响效应,发现尽管我国当前的比较优势商品仍集中在资源型、中技术产品领域,但高技术产品的贸易条件改善力度最大.同时,经济水平、税收等因素对不同技术含量商品贸易条件的影响表现出较大的差异,且当贸易条件处于不同分位水平时同一影响因素的作用系数也表现出明显的差别.     

Consumers' reaction to fair trade motivated price increases

Consumer perception of price increases and their reactions are a topic of great relevance for marketing research and practice. We investigate consumers' acceptance of price increases justified by higher costs due to company's corporate socially responsible activities by conducting two experimental studies. In the first study we examine perceived fairness and intentions following a price increase justified by a fair trade commitment. To assess the green attitude–behavior gap in consumer behavior our second study incorporates a real world experiment to explore actual consumer behavior against stated intentions. Our investigation adds nuance to our understanding of the effects of corporate social responsibility on consumer response to price increases. Our results reveal that a price increase due to a fair trade commitment is perceived as fair and does not have a negative impact on purchase behavior. We contrast our findings with a price increase due to higher taxes and due to profit increase. Our results demonstrate that fair trade justified price increases can skim twice the amount compared to tax justified increases. Furthermore, consumers' actual buying behavior reveals no difference to their stated intentions. Hence, prior research proclaiming an attitude–behavior gap in the context of consumers' socially responsible buying behavior has to be called into question.     

四川省服务贸易出口影响因素的实证研究——基于新型接近灰色关联度视角

基于2005—2013年数据,运用新型接近灰色关联模型分析四川省服务贸易出口与其影响因素之间的关系。结果表明:货物贸易、外商直接投资、服务贸易开放度、人力资本和服务业发展水平都对四川省服务贸易出口增长速度产生正向影响,其中,货物贸易对服务贸易出口影响程度最大,其他因素影响程度依次递减。并提出保持货物贸易健康稳定增长,充分发挥货物贸易对服务贸易的拉动作用;提升服务贸易开放度,积极承接服务产业转移;优化外商投资结构等对策建议。     

广西与越南边境贸易发展现状、存在问题及对策建议

与越南的边境贸易在广西的对外贸易中占有重要地位。近年来,双方经贸合作领域不断扩大,层次不断加深,贸易规模逐年上升,贸易结构逐步优化,贸易主体趋向多元化。但仍面临广西边境地区经济发展较落后,边境贸易结构不尽合理,边贸政策不够规范,体制机制不健全,优惠政策落实不到位等问题。“一带一路”规划的实施和中国—东盟自由贸易区（ CAFTA）的建成为广西与越南的边境贸易发展提供了新环境和新契机。广西要加快与越南的边境贸易的发展,应鼓励发展加工贸易,打造特色产业,扩大边境贸易进出口规模,放宽进口限制,优化调整边境贸易进出口商品结构,落实边境贸易优惠政策。     

美墨卡车跨境运输争端案及其启示

卡车跨境运输争端是美国与墨西哥在《北美自由贸易协定》下发生的涉及卡车跨境运输的服务贸易争端。该争端前后历时16年之久,全面展现了美国国内利益集团在对外贸易政策制定方面的影响力,更凸显了美国“实用主义”的国际法观及其对外贸易政策制定的国内政治博弈特点。而该争端的解决为世界各国如何在多边贸易体制中处理与贸易相关的社会问题提供了有益的借鉴。     

我国贸易顺差变动的规模和结构分析

近年来,随着我国进出口贸易的高速增长,我国贸易顺差规模也持续扩大。扩大的贸易顺差在推动我国经济稳定增长的同时,也促使近年来诸多的贸易摩擦,使我国对外贸易环境趋紧。本文从规模和结构两方面对我国近十年贸易顺差的变化进行全面的实证分析,从而对其变动的路径和结果得出一个更加客观的结论。     

Trade intensity and business cycle synchronization: Are developing countries any different?

Trade intensity increases the business cycle co-movement among industrial countries. Using annual information for 147 countries for the period 1960-99 we find that the impact of trade intensity on business cycle correlation among developing countries is positive and significant, but substantially smaller than that among industrial countries. Our findings suggest that differences in the responsiveness of cycle synchronization to trade integration between industrial and developing countries are explained by differences in the patterns of specialization and bilateral trade.     

Moving up or moving out? A unified theory of R&D, FDI, and trade

This paper introduces industrial heterogeneity in R&D productivity into the quality-ladder model of the North-South trade to study how firms' choices made between R&D and foreign direct investment (FDI) vary across industries, and how such choices consequently determine the evolution of comparative advantage and trade. It shows that trade reveals product-cycle dynamics in medium-tech industries but remains static in others. High-tech industries experience continued innovation in the North with no migration of product lines. Medium- and low-tech industries migrate South via FDI to exploit low production costs with the South then replacing the North as the dominant exporter. However, medium-tech industry production eventually shifts back to the North when superior products are marketed by Northern innovators, making the end of one complete product cycle and the start of the next. Because of marginal R&D productivity, the relocated low-tech industries are not presented with the option of moving up and thus stagnate.     

Why parallel trade may raise producers' profits

This paper shows that a manufacturer may benefit from parallel trade. In addition to an intuitive condition about the effect of demand shocks, this occurs when competitive retailers must order inventories before they know the realization of demand and for products whose sale value drops at the end of the demand period. For these types of products, letting retailers trade unsold inventories generally results in larger orders placed with the manufacturer and higher manufacturer profit. The model provides a simple explanation as to why the volume of parallel trade is now very large and accepted by manufacturers for some products such as automobiles, clothes, toys, consumer electronics, musical recordings, cosmetics and perfumes.