浅谈消防水炮系统及其在铁路站房的应用

从分类、选型等方面对消防炮进行了分析,概述了消防水炮的组成、特性、设计规定和安装要求。针对消防水炮的特性,阐述其在铁路站房的应用,为工程的实际运用提供了一定的理论和实例依据。     

浅谈如何提高当前消防监督执法水平

本文作者根据目前消防监督执法现状指出了当前消防监督执法过程中存在的问题,并对出现问题的原因进行了分析,最后提出了提高消防监督执法水平的几点建议。     

浅谈医院电气火灾的成因与预防措施

本文从医院电气火灾的特点和引发原因入手分析了预防医院电气火灾的预防措施,切实做到防患于未然。     

智能消防机器人系统的开发

开发了一种智能消防机器人系统,用以实现特殊场合的消防救灾。系统由控制中心和消防机器人组成,采用STC12C5A60S2单片机作为控制芯片,对现场的各项数据进行实时处理,通信模块采用挪威Nordic公司推出的单片射频发射器芯片NRF905,实现了数据的双向传输。在模拟环境中,样机很好地实现了现场各项数据的实时采集、监控,并能及时地进行消防救灾,具有一定的应用价值。     

消防应急救援范围研究

消防应急救援不同于其他应急救援,它是《消防法》赋予公安机关消防机构的一项法定职责,但是,对于这一法定职责的范围,从《消防法》的规定中还难以得出一个清晰的答案。为此,有必要运用法律解释的方法,并结合公安机关消防机构的职能,对消防应急救援的范围进行深入探讨,以求得出一个既符合法学理论,又符合公安机关消防机构应急救援实践的答案,这个范围就是以抢救人员生命为主作为标准,并以此提出消防应急救援范围立法完善的建议。     

广佛地铁消防救援无线通信问题及对策研究

文章对广佛地铁消防救援无线通信存在的主要消防问题进行了分析,阐述了地铁消防无线通信的重要性和技术要求,并对广佛地铁消防指挥无线通信的解决方案进行了比选,最后分析借鉴了上海地铁消防指挥无线通信模式。     

二氧化碳三相泡沫防灭火技术在综放工作面的应用

矿井火灾是煤矿主要灾害之一,严重影响了煤矿安全生产。为了使煤矿安全、高产、高效,结合易燃超厚综采放顶工作面开采特点,通过对二氧化碳物理、化学性质以及惰化,吸附能力等方面进行分析,对比二氧化碳与氮气的灭火特点,研究了利用二氧化碳代替氮气的三相泡沫防灭火新技术,并对二氧化碳三相泡沫的组成、发泡原理、特点、灌浆工艺等内容进行介绍,已将二氧化碳三相泡沫应用于矿井火灾的防治,取得了良好的技术效果和经济效益,为矿井的安全生产起到关键性作用。     

Experience and the unexpected: risk and mitigation issues for operating underground storage silos for coal-fired power plant

Observed autoignition events and extinguishing the resulting smouldering fires in an underground storage system of a coal-fired power plant have provided insight into the array of contributing variables, and some experience on quantifying the risk with alternative scenarios of event initiation, progress and potential mitigation. Although the first attempts to quantify the risk suggest high sensitivity to the sequence of action taken after fire alarm, and no similar storage sites really exist, some recommended preventive, corrective and other mitigating activities can be at least partly defined and improved by using the cumulative experience and parallel efforts in other closed or underground storage sites. However, there are also so-called black (or at least grey) swans: unexpected events for which the facility may be poorly prepared for. In the case of the underground storage silos, such an event was experienced when incoming cold coal during a harsh winter season froze the sewer system that normally protects the stored coal from seepage water. With blocked normal bypass, the seepage water found its way to the coal silos and created large clumps of icy coal that blocked the coal conveyors. Although freezing weather is not unusual at high-latitude power plants, the common methods to combat freezing of coal are mainly useful for open storage sites and above-ground transport. Options for mitigation are discussed, as well as the event chain leading to an event that had never previously occurred. The case is discussed from the point of view of options to prepare for rare or unforeseen events.     

An ecological economic simulation model for assessing fire and grazing management effects on mesquite rangelands in Texas

In the southern Great Plains of North America, fire exclusion has contributed to many rangelands converting from native grassland to woody shrublands dominated by mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa Torr.) and cactus (Opuntia spp.), threatening ecosystem health and human livelihoods in the region. Prescribed fire is the least expensive method of treating mesquite and other undesirable plants, but its role is as a maintenance treatment to prolong the life of more expensive brush control treatments. Using a simulation model of a hypothetical 1000 ha ranch, we evaluate the biological and economic implications of management scenarios involving the regular application of summer fire to reduce mesquite and cactus over a 30-year time period. We compared the model output with experimental data to corroborate model output before evaluating various management scenarios over a range of stocking rates. Scenarios included (a) varying initial range condition, (b) different frequencies of summer burning, and (c) different initial amounts of mesquite brush. Model simulations corroborated field data sufficiently well to give confidence in the output of the model. In our simulations the option of not treating to reduce brush and cactus had a major negative impact on range condition, secondary productivity and profitability. In contrast, all simulated fire treatments improved range condition, productivity and profitability except when initial range condition was poor. Initial range condition and stocking rate were the major factors affecting both productivity and profitability. Compared to other factors over which managers have short-term control, frequency of burning and the initial amount of mesquite cover, had a relatively minor impact. Simulations indicated that the highest level of profit consistent with maintaining or improving range condition was attained when individual animal production was 92-95% that of the maximum production per animal, a situation invariably associated with relatively low stocking rates.     

关于直流电机环火事故预防及处理

某发电企业曾发生过发电机励磁机环火的事故,本文阐述了直流电机环火事故的预防和解决直流电机环火事故的措施。